Kev Pom Tsis Zoo: German Artillery Superiority

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Kev Pom Tsis Zoo: German Artillery Superiority
Kev Pom Tsis Zoo: German Artillery Superiority

Video: Kev Pom Tsis Zoo: German Artillery Superiority

Video: Kev Pom Tsis Zoo: German Artillery Superiority
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Brittleness thiab hardness

Hauv ntu yav dhau los ntawm zaj dab neeg hais txog kev tshawb fawb thiab sim ntsuas cov mos txwv, nws yog hais txog kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlau tank hauv tsev. Ntawm kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb hauv Sverdlovsk TsNII-48 tsab ntawv ceeb toom yog kev kawm ntxaws ntxaws ntawm qhov ntawm lub qhov los ntawm German lub plhaub. Yog li, los ntawm cov mos txwv me me nyob rau ntawm lub phaj, qhov nqaim nqaim los ntawm cov kauj tau pom meej, hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov uas muaj qhov tob tob lossis txawm tias qhov los ntawm cov tub ntxhais. Ntawm no dua qhov sib txawv ntawm nruab nrab hardness thiab siab hardness armor qhia lawv tus kheej. Cov cuab yeej tawv tawv 8C yuam cov tub ntxhais mus rau qhov tsis muaj zog, nws hloov nws cov lus qhia me ntsis, tsoo ib sab ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog thiab tawg. T-34 cov cuab yeej ua kom tawv tawv yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tawm tsam nrog cov tshiab German subcaliber shells.

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Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv riam phom zoo li qub tau coj los sib txawv, uas tuaj yeem tawg thaum hla los lossis tom qab cov cuab yeej. Yog hais tias qhov teeb meem yog nyias txaus, tom qab ntawd cov mos txwv tau dhau los ntawm nws, tawm hauv lub qhov zoo hauv lub tsho tiv thaiv sib npaug rau nws tus kheej lub peev xwm, thiab tau tawg sab hauv lub tsheb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov projectile rov zoo li qub, uas yog, nws tig thaum nws kov lub phaj phom. Muaj qhov tawg ntawm lub plhaub sab hauv tuab ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog. Hauv qhov no, lub qhov nraub qaum tau tsim lossis (thaum tsis ua kom nkag mus) spalls nyob rau sab nraub qaum ntawm kev tiv thaiv.

Ib ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis sib xws ntawm TsNII-48 kev xeem tsis yog qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws rau German sub-caliber shells. Yog li, daim ntawv tshaj tawm hais txog rau cov cuab yeej tawv tawv, 50 hli cov cuab yeej ua phom zoo li ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, thaum tib lub pob zeb zoo ib yam muaj qhov ua tsis tau zoo rau lawv. Qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 37 mm. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm zoo ib yam yog qhov tsis muaj cov khoom tawg "ntawm lub nkoj", uas, raws li cov kws tshaj lij hauv tsev, txo qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev nkag mus.

Cov phom loj hauv tsev pom nws tus kheej hauv kev sim sib piv tsis yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws: 45-mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv phom zoo li tsis muaj zog ntau dua li 50-mm German zoo li thiab, zoo kawg, 37-mm "qhov rooj qhov rooj". Qhov tsis zoo ntawm rab phom Soviet yog qhov pib tsis txaus ntawm qhov projectiles (tsuas yog sib piv nrog 50-mm German projectile), ntxiv rau feem ntau tsim cov yam ntxwv. Cov plob hav zoov 45-mm hauv tsev ntawm daim ntawv taub hau hauv kev sib piv nrog lub taub hau German 37-mm caliber muaj lub peev xwm nkag qis. Qhov zais cia ntawm German rab phom loj feem ntau yog qhov hnyav dua ntawm cov hlau phom hneev phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 45-mm projectile muaj qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm 820 m / s piv rau 740 m / s rau German 37-mm, tab sis qhov no tsis pab tau ntau. Cov phom loj hauv tsev yog qhov xav tau ntawm carbide cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv riam phom.

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Tiag tiag nyob rau hauv kev txaus siab ntawm German pab tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank, ntau yam ntawm cov plhaub ua si: cov cuab yeej siv phom-tho nrog thiab tsis muaj tswv yim, sub-caliber thiab sib sau ua ke (lossis, raws li nws tau txais thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, komulative). Raws li cov kws tshaj lij ntawm TsNII-48 tau lees paub, txhua qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau xaiv cov cuab yeej siv thoob ntiaj teb uas haum rau kev tiv thaiv txhua yam ntawm German cov cuab yeej siv phom-tho ລູກ ປືນ. Hmoov tsis zoo, Cov Neeg Germans ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem xaiv yuav ua li cas ntaus Soviet lub tank. Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj KV pom, tom qab ntawd cov phom loj tau npaj rau nws, thiab cov cuab yeej siv phom-ntse-ntse ib lub taub hau carbide rau T-34. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, feem pua feem ntau ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum kawg xyoo 1942 poob rau ntawm cov riam phom uas siv phom ntev tshaj plaws, thaum qhov feem pua ntawm kev swb nrog cov phom me me yog tsuas yog ob peb feem pua. Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm TsNII-48 tshuav ib qho lus xav paub txog lub sijhawm ua ntej tsov rog thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom. Nws hloov tawm tias rov qab los nyob rau xyoo 1930s lig, lawv rov hais qhia qhov xav tau los ua kom pab tub rog Liab nrog lub ntsej muag ntse taub hau nrog cov cuab yeej siv phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov zoo ntawm cov phiaj xwm no tau hais tshwj xeeb hauv kev kov yeej cov cuab yeej sib txawv ntawm qhov siab thiab nruab nrab - qhov loj ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog hauv kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Thaum kawg ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm, tus thawj kws tshaj lij ntawm TsNII-48 tau nthuav tawm cov kab lus hauv qab no:

"Hauv kev txuas nrog qhov muaj peev xwm nkag mus tau zoo ntawm German rab phom loj rab phom-tho qhov projectiles hauv kev sib piv nrog peb (kev lag luam projectile hauv tsev), peb yuav tsum rov tshuaj xyuas peb cov kev teeb tsa tshiab li qub thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm German cov cuab yeej siv phom. rau txoj kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov qauv tshiab ntawm peb cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ua phom loj."

Armor tiv taus

Hauv kev sib tham txog kev tuag ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv tsev, muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hais txog KV cov cuab yeej ua rog. Raws li TsNII-48 kwv yees, cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov hneev hneev taw hnyav ntawm lub tank hnyav nrog 75 mm cov cuab yeej tuab qhia nws qhov kev txaus siab tsis kam tiv thaiv los ntawm 37-mm German cannon. Tsis zoo, tab sis txaus siab! Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub peev xwm me me 50-mm trophy projectile nkag mus rau KV lub hauv pliaj, txawm li cas los xij, yam tsis tau suav nrog daim phiaj thaiv. Txog kev sib piv, qhov projectile zoo sib xws tsis nkag rau hauv pliaj ntawm T-35. Qhov kawg ntawm KV, nws kuj tseem raug ntaus los ntawm cov ntse ntse-taub hau 50-hli riam phom-tho qhov zoo li. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm Sverdlovsk tsab ntawv ceeb toom tsis zoo ib yam nrog kev tsim qauv zoo txog qhov ua tsis tau ntawm KV cov tshuab hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ntsuas hauv av, thaum lub foob pob ya mus ntawm lub kaum sab xis, thiab ib puag ncig yog tsev cog khoom. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev sib ntaus tuag ntawm KV nthuav tawm cov duab sib txawv me ntsis. Txawm hais tias tus qauv me me, tawm ntawm 226 lub plhaub tsoo, 38.5% nyob ntawm lub turret, thiab 61.5% ntawm lub hull. Qhov tawg ntawm kuv tsoo txog 3.5% ntawm KV tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab hluav taws kub - 4.5%. Ntawm tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov cuab yeej ntawm KV tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm German lub plhaub ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tsawg dua 50 hli, tsis muaj qhov; los ntawm 50-mm armor-piercing shells-9.5% ntawm qhov, los ntawm 50-mm APCR shells-37%, los ntawm 88-mm armor-piercing shells-41% thiab 105-mm armor-piercing shells-67% qhov. Kev mloog zoo yuav luag yuav luag ib feem ntawm kev swb ntawm lub tank hnyav hauv tsev los ntawm 50-mm thiab 88-mm zoo li.

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Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm lub teeb T-70 kuj tau dhau los ua kev sib tham los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb ntawm Armored Institute. Tus German "lub qhov rooj qhov rooj" tsis muaj peev xwm txhawm rau lub hauv pliaj ntawm lub tank, tab sis zoo heev tiv nrog nws ob sab. Raws li qhov xav tau, 50-mm zoo li tau thim rau ntawm daim hlau pem hauv ntej ntawm T-70, thaum siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo li qub zoo li hauv qhov no. Ntawm qhov one tes, lawv pheej yig dua li cov muaj peev xwm me me, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv nqa cov khoom tawg, uas ua rau neeg tuag taus. Kev txheeb cais yeej ntawm T-70 tau qhia yuav luag 100% ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm ob sab los ntawm cov foob pob los ntawm German rab phom loj. TsNII-48 tsis tau ua txhaum ib zaug ntxiv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm qhov tsis paub txog thev naus laus zis thiab kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev thiab ua rau yeej ntawm ob sab. Muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nthuav dav cov phom loj ntawm 37 mm thiab 50 mm calibers yuam lub koom haum Armor xav txog kev txhim kho kev ntsuas txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem suav nrog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho kev tsim khoom.

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Hauv kev teb, lawv tau thov kom khov cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nyob hauv qhov chaw muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws, hloov txoj kab nqes ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws nrog lub kaum sab xis, txhim kho hom tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej sib txawv thiab tiv thaiv cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Yuav luag txhua qhov kev tawm mus yuav tsum muaj kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm lub tank ntau lawm, uas ib txwm ua rau txo qis tus nqi ntawm kev xa khoom mus rau pem hauv ntej. Qhov kev xaiv poob rau ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Txhawm rau kom txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus, txoj hauv kev ntawm cov cuab yeej ua tub rog, uas yog siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej nkoj, tau koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntxiv los ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus hinged, uas feem ntau yog siv hauv lub tsev tank, tau raug tsis lees paub tias tsis muab qhov hnyav tsim nyog.

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