Tom qab swb hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Nyij Pooj tau raug txwv los ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog. Txoj Cai Lij Choj Nyij Pooj, tau lees paub xyoo 1947, raug cai raug cai tsis kam koom nrog hauv kev ua tub rog tsis sib haum. Tshwj xeeb, hauv tshooj ob, uas yog hu ua "Renouncing War," nws hais tias:
Ua siab ncaj rau kev thaj yeeb thoob ntiaj teb raws li kev ncaj ncees thiab kev txiav txim, cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau tso tseg kev ua tsov ua rog raws li lub tebchaws txoj cai tswjfwm thiab kev hem lossis siv kev ua tub rog raws li kev daws teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb. Txhawm rau ua tiav lub hom phiaj qhia hauv kab lus dhau los, thaj av, tub rog thiab huab cua, nrog rau lwm txoj hauv kev ua tsov rog, yuav tsis raug tsim yav tom ntej. Lub xeev tsis lees paub txoj cai los ua tsov rog.
Txawm li cas los xij, twb tau tsim xyoo 1952, Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws tau tsim, thiab xyoo 1954, Nyij Pooj Kev Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej tau pib tsim los ntawm lawv lub hauv paus. Raws li txoj cai, lub koom haum no tsis yog tub rog thiab hauv Nyij Pooj nws tus kheej tau suav tias yog chaw haujlwm pej xeem. Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Nyij Pooj yog tus saib xyuas ntawm Pawg Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej.
Txawm hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm Nyij Pooj Kev Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej muaj tsawg thiab tam sim no sawv ntawm kwv yees li 247,000 tus neeg, lawv tau npaj txhij sib ntaus thiab npaj nrog cov cuab yeej thiab riam phom niaj hnub no.
Tom qab tsim Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej, lawv feem ntau yog siv riam phom Asmeskas ua. Txog rau ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1960, txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj hauv av yog 12.7 hli tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshuab phom thiab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm 40-75 mm.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yooj yim-rau-siv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau ua lub nraub qaum ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm cov tub rog hauv av tau ntev. Yog li ntawd, xyoo 1979, Nyij Pooj Kev Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej, suav nrog 5 pab tub rog, 12 pab tub rog tawg rog, 1 kev sib koom ua tub rog thiab 5 pab tub rog, suav nrog 180,000 tus tub rog hauv av. Hauv kev pabcuam muaj ntau dua 800 lub tso tsheb hlau luam, ntau tshaj li 800 tus neeg ua tub rog nqa khoom, 1,300 daim phom loj thiab ntau dua 300 lub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm 35-75-mm.
12.7 hli anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom mounts
Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, 12.7 hli Browning M2 tshuab rab phom tau nquag siv, uas tseem tau muab rau Nyij Pooj Kev Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog. Plaub plaub npaug 12.7 hli phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshuab M45 Quadmount, hauv qhov rub tawm thiab tau teeb tsa ib nrab ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom tiv thaiv M2, M3 thiab M5, tau dhau mus thoob plaws.
Towed quad mounts feem ntau yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm cov khoom nyob ruaj ruaj, thiab ib nrab-taug qab ZSU tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv kev thauj cov tsheb thauj mus los thiab cov khoom siv txawb. Plaub npaug 12.7 hli nce tau ua pov thawj los ua lub zog muaj zog ntawm kev tawm tsam lub hom phiaj huab cua, lub zog thiab lub tsheb yooj yim.
Xyoo 1947, rau qhov rub tawm ntawm M45 Quadmount rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, kev sib sau ua ke me me M20 tau tsim, uas lub log log tau sib cais ntawm qhov chaw tua, thiab nws tau dai rau ntawm lub tsho.
Qhov hnyav ntawm ZPU M45 Quadmount hauv qhov chaw tua yog 1087 kg. Qhov tua tau zoo ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua yog kwv yees li 1000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 2300 puag ncig ib feeb. Lub peev xwm ntawm lub thawv ntawv thawv ntawm qhov teeb tsa yog 800 puag ncig. Lub hom phiaj tau ua los ntawm hluav taws xob tsav ntawm qhov nrawm txog 60 deg / s. Qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no los ntawm lub tshuab roj av. Ob lub roj teeb ua kua qaub ua haujlwm ua lub zog fais fab.
M45 Quadmount cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau muab dav rau cov phooj ywg uas yog ib feem ntawm kev pab tub rog. Ib tus lej ntawm plaub ZPUs ntawm kev sib koom ua ke M20 tau nkag mus rau hauv chav tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm Pawg Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej, qhov uas lawv tau ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1970s.
Lub 12.7 hli Sumitomo M2 phom tshuab hnyav, uas yog daim ntawv tso cai luam ntawm American Browning M2 tshuab rab phom, tau nthuav dav ntau ntxiv hauv cov tsev hauv Nyij Pooj.
Qhov riam phom no ntawm lub tshuab siv lub koob tseem tseem siv rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv av thiab huab cua, thiab tseem tau teeb tsa ntawm ntau lub tsheb tiv thaiv.
20-mm anti-aircraft gun VADS
Los ntawm 1970s thaum ntxov, lub quad 12.7mm tau dhau los lawm, thiab xyoo 1979, Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej tau txais yuav Asmeskas 20mm M167 Vulcan tiv thaiv phom phom phom. Qhov kev teeb tsa rub no, tsim los ntawm M61 Vulcan lub dav hlau rab phom, muaj hluav taws xob thiab muaj peev xwm tua tau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 1000 thiab 3000 puag ncig ib feeb. Kev tua ntau yam ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua txav nrawm - mus txog 1500 m. Nyhav - 1800 kg. Suav - 2 tus neeg.
Nyob rau xyoo 1980s, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd (chav siv phom loj) thiab Toshiba Corporation (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob) tau pib tso cai tsim cov M167. Hauv Nyij Pooj, qhov kev teeb tsa no tau xaiv VADS-1 (Vulcan Air Defense System).
Nyiv-ua 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau txais kev txhim kho radar rangefinders. Tam sim no, kwv yees li peb lub kaum os 20-mm Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv dav hlau "Volcanoes" tau siv los tiv thaiv huab cua puag tau hloov kho mus rau qib VADS-1kai. Kev pom thiab tshawb nrhiav lub koob yees duab TV nrog hmo ntuj channel thiab lub laser rangefinder tau nkag mus rau hauv kho vajtse ntawm kev teeb tsa.
40-mm rub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv tus kheej
40-mm Bofors L60 tsis siv phom tiv thaiv dav hlau yog ib hom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov riam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau siv hauv Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. Vim nws qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua siab thiab kev pabcuam thiab cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm, nws tau siv los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm ntau lub xeev.
Hauv Asmeskas, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau no tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tso cai raws li lub npe 40 mm Tsis Siv Neeg Phom. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim thiab txo tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom, ntau qhov kev hloov pauv tau tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Cov phom tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub log uas muaj plaub lub log. Yog tias xav tau sai, kev tua tuaj yeem nqa tawm "los ntawm lub log" yam tsis muaj cov txheej txheem ntxiv, tab sis nrog qhov raug tsawg dua. Hauv qhov ib txwm muaj, thav duab thav duab tau nqes mus rau hauv av kom ruaj khov dua. Kev hloov pauv ntawm txoj haujlwm taug kev mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus tau siv li 1 feeb. Nrog qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau txog li 2000 kg, rub tau nqa los ntawm lub tsheb loj. Kev suav thiab mos txwv tau nyob tom qab.
Tus nqi hluav taws kub txog 120 rds / min. Chaw thau khoom - clips rau 4 txhaj tshuaj, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm tus kheej. Phom muaj lub qab nthab ua tau zoo txog 3800 m nrog thaj tsam ntawm 7000 m. Cov phiaj xwm tawg uas hnyav 0.9 kg tawm ntawm lub thoob ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 850 m / s. Feem ntau, ib qho tsoo ntawm 40-mm tawg qhov projectile ntawm tus yeeb ncuab nres dav hlau lossis dhia foob pob tau txaus los swb nws. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm nkag mus tau 58 mm ntawm cov hlau ua homogeneous nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 metres tuaj yeem siv tiv thaiv cov phom me me hauv av.
Feem ntau 40-hli "Bofors" tau raug txo kom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau roj teeb ntawm 4-6 rab phom coj los ntawm PUAZO. Tab sis yog tias tsim nyog, kev suav ntawm txhua rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tuaj yeem ua tus kheej.
Hauv ib nrab ntawm 1950s-thaum ntxov 1960s, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau xa mus rau Nyij Pooj kwv yees li ob puas 40-mm rub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Kev nce nrawm hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua sai sai dhau los. Tab sis hauv Nyij Pooj Kev Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej "Bofors" (L60) tau siv txog thaum ntxov xyoo 1980s.
Ua ke nrog cov phom 40-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau, Nyij Pooj tau txais 35 ZSU M19. Lub tsheb no, muaj riam phom nrog ob lub tshuab 40-mm tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv turret qhib sab saum toj, tau tsim xyoo 1944 ntawm lub chassis ntawm M24 Chaffee lub teeb tank. Kev taw qhia hauv kab rov tav thiab ntsug dav hlau - siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hydraulic. Cov mos txwv - 352 puag ncig. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov hluav taws thaum tua tawg mus txog 120 puag ncig ib feeb nrog rau ntau qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua mus txog 5000 m.
Los ntawm cov qauv ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua tus kheej muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Lub tsheb hnyav 18 tons tau npog nrog 13 hli cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, uas muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov mos txwv thiab lub teeb tawg. Ntawm M19 txoj kev loj, nws nrawm mus rau 56 km / h, qhov nrawm tshaj qhov av ntxhib tsis tshaj 20 km / h.
Ua ntej kev swb ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes, cov phom me me ntawm tus kheej tau tawm tsam tau muab rau cov tub rog. Thiab cov tshuab no tsis tau siv tawm tsam German aviation. Hauv kev txuas nrog qhov kawg ntawm kev tawm tsam, tsis muaj ntau ZSU M19 raug tso tawm - 285 lub tsheb.
Cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tiv thaiv tus kheej, siv phom 40-hli txim taws, tau nquag siv hauv Kauslim rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv av. Txij li cov mos txwv tau siv nrawm heev thaum tua nyob rau hauv tawg, kwv yees li 300 ntau lub plhaub hauv cov kab xev tau thauj mus los tshwj xeeb. Tag nrho M19s tau tso tseg sai sai tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Kauslim xaus. Cov tsheb tsawg tshaj plaws tau muab xa mus rau Cov Phooj Ywg, thiab cov seem tau sau tseg rau seem.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm luv ntawm ZSU M19 yog kev tsis kam ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog los ntawm lub teeb M24 tso tsheb hlau luam, uas tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam Soviet T-34-85. Hloov chaw ntawm M19, ZSU M42 Duster tau saws. Qhov rab phom tua tus kheej no nrog riam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau zoo ib yam li M19 tau tsim los ntawm M41 lub teeb roj tank xyoo 1951. Nrog kev tawm tsam hnyav ntawm 22.6 tons, lub tsheb tuaj yeem nrawm ntawm txoj kev loj mus rau 72 km / h. Piv rau tus qauv yav dhau los, cov tuab ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej tau nce ntxiv 12 hli, thiab tam sim no lub hauv pliaj ntawm lub hneev tuaj yeem ruaj khov tuav 14.5 hli cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov mos txwv thiab 23 mm lub foob pob los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 m.
Kev taw qhia yog ua los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob, lub pej thuam muaj peev xwm tig tau 360 ° ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 40 ° ib pliag, lub kaum sab xis ntsug ntawm rab phom yog los ntawm -3 txog + 85 ° ntawm kev nrawm ntawm 25 ° ib pliag. Kev tswj hluav taws suav nrog tsom iav pom thiab ntsuas lub cuab yeej, cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau hauv. Piv rau M19, cov mos txwv thauj khoom tau nce thiab muaj txog 480 lub foob pob. Txog kev tiv thaiv tus kheej, muaj rab phom tshuab 7.62 hli.
Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm "Duster" yog qhov tsis pom lub radar thiab lub hauv paus nruab nrab tiv thaiv dav hlau roj teeb tua hluav taws tswj. Tag nrho cov no txo qis qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws. Hauv qhov no, xyoo 1956, kev hloov kho ntawm M42A1 tau tsim, uas lub iav tsom iav tau hloov pauv nrog lub radar. ZSU M42 tau tsim ua ntu loj haum, txij xyoo 1951 txog 1959, General Motors Corporation tau tsim kwv yees li 3,700 units.
Xyoo 1960, Nyij Pooj tau yuav 22 ZSU M42. Cov tshuab no, vim lawv qhov yooj yim thiab tsis txaus ntseeg, tau nyiam los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. "Dasters" tau ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1994. Thiab ZSU Hom 87 tau hloov pauv.
75-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau M51 Skysweeper
Qhov hnyav tshaj plaws tiv thaiv lub dav hlau siv nyob rau tom qab ua tsov rog los ntawm Nyij Pooj chav tiv thaiv huab cua yog Asmeskas-ua 75-mm M51 Skysweeper automatic cannon.
Cov tsos ntawm 75-hli tsis siv neeg phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau yog vim qhov tseeb tias thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob muaj "nyuaj" rau kev tiv thaiv dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1500 txog 3000 m. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem, nws zoo li tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm qee qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab.
Dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua hauv lub sijhawm tom qab ua tsov rog tau tsim los ntawm qhov nrawm heev, thiab cov lus txib ntawm Asmeskas Cov Tub Rog tau hais tawm ua ntej tias yuav tsum muaj rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tiv nrog lub dav hlau ya ntawm qhov siab txog 1600 km / teev h ntawm qhov siab ntawm 6 km. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd, lub davhlau siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hom phiaj raug tua raug txwv rau 1100 km / h.
Vim tias qhov nrawm ntawm kev ya dav hlau ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab xav tau kom ntseeg tau tias yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev tua ntev, 75-hli tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo 1953, muaj cov lej ntawm cov txuj ci siab tshaj lub sij hawm ntawd.
Thaum lub davhlau nrawm ntawm lub dav hlau raug rho tawm yog ze rau lub suab ib, kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hom phiaj tsis yog yuav ua tsis tau kiag li. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev teeb tsa tshiab tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, ua ke tshawb nrhiav thiab qhia radar nrog lub khoos phis tawj sib piv tau siv. Cov cuab yeej siv hnyav tau ua ke nrog cov phom loj ntawm 75-mm M35 phom loj.
Lub radar nrog lub kav hlau txais xov parabolic tau teeb tsa nyob rau sab saud sab laug ntawm rab phom. Muab kev tshawb nrhiav thiab taug qab cov hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov deb li 30 km. Kev taw qhia tau ua los ntawm cov tsav hluav taws xob. Cov phom muaj lub tshuab siv hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg nyob deb deb, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tua. Kev tua ntau yam ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua nrawm -mus txog 6300 m. Lub kaum sab xis lub hom phiaj: ntawm -6 ° txog + 85 °. Cov mos txwv thaum lub sij hawm tua tau rov ua tiav siv lub tshuab tshwj xeeb. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws kub yog 45 rds / min, uas yog qhov qhia tau zoo tshaj plaws rau rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom ntawm qhov ntsuas no.
Thaum lub sijhawm pom ntawm 75-mm M51 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv nws chav kawm, nws tsis muaj qhov sib npaug hauv qhov ntau, qhov hluav taws kub thiab kev tua raug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv nyuaj thiab kim xav tau kev saib xyuas tsim nyog thiab tau nkag siab zoo rau cov tshuab kev nyuab siab thiab cov yam ntxwv huab cua.
Kev txav mus los ntawm rab phom tshuav ntau yam uas xav tau. Kev hloov mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus yog qhov nyuaj heev. Hauv qhov chaw khaws cia, rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau thauj ntawm lub laub plaub lub log, thaum tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw tua, nws tau qis rau hauv av thiab so ntawm plaub qhov kev txhawb nqa cruciform. Txhawm rau ua tiav kev npaj sib ntaus, nws yuav tsum tau txuas cov xov hluav taws xob thiab ua kom sov cov cuab yeej taw qhia. Lub hwj chim tau nqa tawm los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob roj av.
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75-hli, muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib ntaus, tsim ntau yam teeb meem rau lawv cov kev suav. Cov cuab yeej siv radar zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob nyob rau thawj theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm feem ntau tsis tiv taus lub zog thim rov qab thiab tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tom qab kaum tawm txhaj tshuaj. Tom qab ntawd, kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau coj mus rau qib uas lees paub, tab sis kev teeb tsa M51 tsis tau nrov nyob hauv Asmeskas cov tub rog.
Teeb meem nrog kev ntseeg tau thiab kev txav mus los ntawm 75-hli tsis siv phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau raug daws ib nrab los ntawm kev muab lawv tso rau hauv cov peev txheej ruaj khov, ua ke nrog 90 thiab 120-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, M51 Skysweeper cov kev pabcuam hauv Asmeskas tau luv luv. Tom qab qhov pom ntawm MIM-23 Hawk kev tiv thaiv huab cua, Asmeskas cov tub rog tau tso tseg 75-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Tom qab xyoo 1959, Asmeskas cov tub rog nyob hauv Nyij Pooj tau muab lawv rab phom 75-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau, siv los npog lub hauv paus huab cua, rau Pab Pawg Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej. Cov neeg Nyij Pooj zoo siab rau M51 kev teeb tsa. Kwv yees li ob thiab ib nrab kaum ntawm cov phom no tau ceeb toom ib puag ncig cov chaw tseem ceeb kom txog thaum ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1970s.
Ntxiv mus, thaum tsim "lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau" hauv Nyij Pooj, uas tau xav tias yuav hloov pauv ZSU M42 qub hauv cov tub rog, muaj peev xwm siv 75-hli M35 lub tshuab siv phom tsis siv neeg nrog lub xov tooj cua qhia tshiab uas yog lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv ua tau. Lub zog tua hluav taws ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua tus kheej, yog tias tsim nyog, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv nws tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv cov tsheb thiab cov khoom siv tsaws. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd, qhov xav tau raug muab rau 35-mm phom ntev, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum tua nyob ntawm qhov chaw txav mus rau qhov siab qis.
Tuav phom 35-hli thiab rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau
Los ntawm xyoo 1960s, nws tau pom meej tias 40-mm rub thiab rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua tus kheej tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no. Cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tsis txaus siab nrog qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 40-mm "Bofors" thiab qhov tshwm sim tsawg ntawm kev tsoo lub hom phiaj, vim yog cov cuab yeej pom thaum xub thawj.
Xyoo 1969, Nyij Pooj tau yuav thawj cov phom uas muaj phom 35-mm Oerlikon GDF-01 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws yog, tej zaum, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshaj plaws, uas ua tiav ua tiav qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, qhov hluav taws kub, ntau thiab nce mus txog qhov siab. Cov ntawv tso cai tsim 35-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim los ntawm Japanese tuam txhab engineering tuam txhab Nyij Pooj.
Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom 35-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog ntau dua 6500 kg. Pom ntau yam ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua - mus txog 4000 m, nce siab - txog 3000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - 1100 rds / min. Lub peev xwm ntawm lub thawv them nyiaj yog 124 txhaj tshuaj.
Txhawm rau tswj hluav taws ntawm plaub lub phom phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, Super Fledermaus FC radar system nrog thaj tsam ntawm 15 km tau siv.
Xyoo 1981, Cov tub rog tiv thaiv dav hlau Nyij Pooj tau txais kev hloov kho 35-mm GDF-02 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau nrog txhim kho radar tswj hluav taws, uas tau tsim hauv Nyij Pooj los ntawm Mitsubishi Electric Corporation.
Phom 35-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau txuas nrog kab txuas nrog lub dav hlau tiv thaiv chaw tua hluav taws. Txhua yam ntawm nws cov cuab yeej tau nyob hauv lub tsheb uas rub tawm, ntawm lub ru tsev uas muaj lub kav hlau txais xov tig ntawm lub tshuab Doppler pulsed, lub radar rangefinder thiab lub koob yees duab TV. Ob tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub chaw nres tsheb tuaj yeem rub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau mus rau lub hom phiaj yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg siv phom.
Kev pabcuam ntawm 35-mm rub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Pawg Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej tau xaus rau xyoo 2010. Thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm, muaj ntau dua 70 chav ntxaib hauv kev pabcuam.
Hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1970, cov lus txib ntawm Cov Kws Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej tau xaus lus tias Asmeskas-ua M42 Duster ZSU tsis siv lawm, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem xav tau rau kev cia siab tias yuav tua phom dav hlau tua tus kheej. Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, Nyij Pooj tau txiav txim siab yuav luag tag nrho tso tseg kev yuav riam phom txawv teb chaws thiab yog li txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm nws tus kheej kev lag luam tiv thaiv.
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries tau raug xaiv los ua tus neeg cog lus, uas muaj kev paub zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv. Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv, lub tuam txhab cog lus yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tiv thaiv tus kheej ntawm lub chassis taug qab, nrog cov xov tooj cua-tshuab yooj yim txhais tau tias tshawb xyuas thiab tua lub hom phiaj.
Tom qab dhau los ntawm kev xaiv, Hom 74 lub tank tau xaiv los ua lub chassis, kev tsim khoom uas tau tshwm sim txij li nruab nrab xyoo 1970s. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua tus kheej thiab lub hauv paus tank yog ob tus txiv neej turret ntawm kev tsim qauv tshiab nrog ob 35-mm Oerlikon GDF phom ntev. Kev sib tw tig tig tso cai rau koj tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv ib qho kev coj ua nrog lub kaum sab xis lub hom phiaj ntawm lub thoob los ntawm -5 txog + 85 °. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub foob pob thiab tua ntau yam sib xws rub 35 mm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau GDF-02. Nyob ib puag ncig thiab lub hom phiaj nrhiav radars, nws lub antennas nyob tom qab ntawm tus pej thuam, muab kev kuaj pom ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 18 km thiab phiaj xwm taug qab los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 12 km.
Qhov loj ntawm ZSU hauv kev sib ntaus yog 44 tons. Diesel nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 750 litres. nrog muaj peev xwm muab kev ceev nrawm txog 53 km / h. Lub zog cia yog 300 km. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm rooj plaub yog nyob ntawm qib ntawm lub hauv paus chassis. Lub pej thuam muaj phau ntawv teev npe tsis raug foob.
Xyoo 1987, rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua tus kheej tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li hom 87. Cov khoom lag luam tau ua tiav ua ke los ntawm Mitsubishi Heavy Industries thiab Japan Steel Works. Tag nrho ntawm 52 lub tsheb tau xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom. Tam sim no, chav tiv thaiv dav hlau ua haujlwm txog 40 Hom 87 ZSUs.
Hais txog kev tua tus yam ntxwv, Hom 87 sib raug rau German ZSU Gepard, tab sis tshaj nws raws li cov cuab yeej siv radar.
Tam sim no, Hom 87 ZSU tsis ua tiav raws li cov kev xav tau niaj hnub no, thiab kev ua haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua tus kheej lossis yuav xav tau kev kho loj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm Hom 87 yav tom ntej tsis yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig, vim tias lub tshuab no tau tsim los ntawm lub qub 74 hom tank.
Yog li, peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav muaj qhov phom sij tshiab ntawm Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nrog lub foob pob ua ntxaij thiab rab phom loj ntawm cov cuab yeej niaj hnub taug.
