Qhov xwm txheej hauv Afghanistan ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua tub rog ntawm Kazakhstan thiab Russia
Tom qab kev tawg ntawm USSR, Kazakhstan tau txais Pawg Tub Rog ua tub rog uas suav nrog cov tub rog me me thiab feem ntau tau txiav ntawm cov tub rog qub Soviet. Qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov koom pheej koom pheej cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem muaj qhov txwv.
Tab sis nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Kazakhstan muaj cov cuab yeej siv ntau los ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Europe: txog tsib txhiab lub tso tsheb hlau luam, kwv yees li plaub txhiab lub tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, ntau dua ob txhiab lub foob pob hluav taws thiab 500 lub dav hlau sib ntaus.
Cov khoom lag luam arsenals
Thaum lub sijhawm post-Soviet, cov tub rog muaj peev xwm txaus tau tsim nyob hauv lub tebchaws, thiab kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tau nce ntau. Kazakhstan tau tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua tub rog nrog Russia, nrog rau Belarus, thaum ua tiav txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog ntiaj teb sab hnub poob. Cov qauv qib siab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog (cuam tshuam MiG-31, foob pob foob pob Su-30SM, BMPT "Ramka", MLRS TOS-1A "Solntsepek") tau ua thiab yuav. Qib ntawm kev cob qhia kev sib ntaus ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog siab heev. Tam sim no, Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog ntawm Kazakhstan yog ib ntawm tsib tus muaj zog tshaj nyob rau tom qab Soviet chaw.
Cov tub rog hauv av tau muab faib ua plaub cheeb tsam cov lus txib (RK): "Astana", "West", "East", "South". Thawj ob qhov yog kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab kev thauj khoom, lwm qhov ob yog tsom mus rau kev tiv thaiv kev hem thawj los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, lub tebchaws ntawm Central Asia thiab Afghanistan.
RK "Astana" (lub hauv paus loj hauv Karaganda) suav nrog pawg tub ceev xwm 7 (qhov chaw xa khoom yog Karaganda), 401st cov tub rog loj, 402nd MLRS, 403rd ATO (tag nrho peb - Priozersk) cov tub rog.
RC "West" (Atyrau): 100th phom loj (Aktobe) thiab 390th marines brigade (Aktau, qhov tseeb - pab tub rog tiv thaiv ntug dej vim tsis muaj lub nkoj tsaws hauv Navy).
RC "Vostok" (Semipalatinsk): thib peb (Usharal) thiab 4th (Ust-Kamenogorsk) siv tshuab, lub tank thib 11 (Ayaguz), 101st foob pob hluav taws thiab phom loj (Semey), 34th (Usharal) thiab 103rd (Semey) rab phom loj, 102nd MLRS (Semey)) pawg tub rog.
RC "Sab Qab Teb" (Taraz): 6th (Shymkent), 9th (Zharkent) thiab 12th (Guards) tshuab, 43rd tank (Sary-Ozek), 5th roob phom (Taraz), 44- I (Sary-Ozek) thiab 54th (Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv) rab phom loj, 23rd (Tus Saib Xyuas) thiab 232nd (Kapchagai) tus kws ua haujlwm-sappers, 221st kev sib txuas lus (Taraz) cov tub rog.
Ntxiv nrog rau Koom pheej ntawm Kazakhstan, cov tub rog hauv av muaj cov tub rog caij tsheb. Lawv suav nrog 35th (Kapchagai), 36th (Astana) thiab 37th (Taldy-Kurgan) kev tawm tsam huab cua, 38th phom loj siv tshuab (Alma-Ata) cov tub rog, kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb Kazbrig, tsim los koom nrog UN cov haujlwm …
Hauv kev pabcuam muaj 45 lub foob pob hluav taws TR "Tochka". Lub tiaj ua si tank suav nrog txog 1,300 T-72s, qee qhov tau hloov kho tshiab hauv Kazakhstan nws tus kheej, yam tsawg 280 T-62 thiab 50 T-64, txog 100 T-80. Muaj txog li 3,000 lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm tib hom hauv cov chaw khaws khoom, feem ntau ntawm lawv, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam thiab tsuas tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom seem.
Muaj 10 Lavxias BMPT "Ncej" (paub zoo tias "Terminator"), uas tsis nyob hauv kev pabcuam hauv txhua lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, txawm tias nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws. Muaj txog 260 BRDM-2, txog 140 BRM-1, txog 730 BMP-1, txog 800 BMP-2. Tsuas yog qhov tom kawg, txhua lub tsheb qub dhau lawm. Cov tub rog uas muaj tub rog coob tshaj plaws yog ib txwm muaj cov tub rog nqa khoom: 40 Turkish "Cobra", mus txog 150 qub Soviet qub BTR-50 thiab tib tus lej BTR-60PB, tsawg kawg 45 BTR-70, 141 BTR-80, 93 BTR-80A, 74 BTR-82A (uas 30 nyob hauv cov tub rog), mus txog 686 MTLB, 2 Ukrainian BTR-3U (Kazakhstan tsis kam yuav cov tsheb no ntxiv). Lub nkoj BTR-80A thiab BTR-82A tab tom ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv los ntawm Russia. Muaj ntau dua 400 rab phom tua tus kheej: 26 2S9, txog 120 2S1, 6 "Semser" ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv zos raws li Israeli thev naus laus zis (howitzer D-30 nyob tom qab KamAZ), txog 120 2S3. Towed phom: 183 D-30, txog 350 M-46, 180 2A36, 90 2A65, 74 D-20. Cug: 18 tus kheej-propelled "Aybat" (2B11 ntawm MTLB chassis, dua Israeli technology), 145 Soviet 2B11, 19 tus kheej-propelled 2S4. Cov foob pob hluav taws muaj peev xwm tseem ceeb-ntau dua 300 MLRS: txog 150 Soviet BM-21 (kwv yees li 50 ntau hauv kev khaws cia) thiab 180 Uragan, 3 qhov tshiab TOS-1A, 15 Smerch, 18 tus kheej muaj peev xwm ntau MLRS Niza, tsim los ntawm Israeli thev naus laus zis. Muaj ATGMs "Fagot", "Konkurs" thiab "Shturm-S", los ntawm 68 txog 125 ATM MT-12, SAM "Strela-10", tsawg kawg 20 MANPADS "Igla".
Tub Rog Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv (lub npe lub npe hu ua Air Defense Forces) suav nrog cuaj lub hauv paus tseem ceeb: 600 (Zhetigen-Nikolaevka), 602 (Shymkent), 603 (Alma-Ata), 604 (Taldy-Kurgan), 607th (Ucharal), 609th (Balkhash), 610th (Karaganda), 612th (Aktau), 620th (Astana). "Ceg" ntawm Air Force yog de facto aviation ntawm ciam teb pab tub rog thiab Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Cov Tub Rog Cua, ntxiv rau MiGs, Su thiab thauj cov dav hlau, muaj An-30 kho qhov muag pom dav hlau (hauv Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Xwm Ceev) thiab mus txog 18 Czechoslovak kev qhia L-39s. Txhua lub tsheb Soviet tau dhau los ua qhov qub. Ntawm cov nyoob hoom qav taub, tsuas yog EC145 thiab Mi-17 yog qhov tshiab.
Kev tiv thaiv huab cua hauv av suav nrog 9 kev sib faib (tsawg kawg 100 lub foob pob) ntawm S-300P kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab tsawg kawg 18 kev sib faib (los ntawm 72 lub foob pob) ntawm C-125 lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua, txog 10 kev sib cais (60 lub foob pob) S-200 kev tiv thaiv huab cua, 5 kev sib cais (20 lub foob pob) ntawm Kvadrat huab cua tiv thaiv system.
Cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog pabcuam ciam teb yog nyob hauv cov hauv paus ib puag ncig thiab tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej zoo ib yam, yog li ntawd, lawv suav tias yog ib qho nkaus xwb. Lawv suav nrog tsuas yog nkoj saib xyuas: 5-6 ntawm Qhov Ncauj Hom (qhov project 0200M Burkit-M, raws li Soviet pr. 1400M), 3 Kazakhstan (project 0250 Bars-MO), 4 Sardar "(Project 22180" Bars "), 2 “Shapshan” (Kaus Lim Qab Teb “Ntses Ntses Ntses Ntses Ntses”). Tsuas yog tom kawg, txhua yam tau tsim hauv Kazakhstan.
Bratsk polygon duab
Lub peev xwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam nyuaj tau xub pib txwv, thiab, qhov tsis sib xws, cov koom pheej, uas tsuas yog nkag mus rau Hiav Txwv Caspian, tshwj xeeb hauv kev siv tshuab naval. Tab sis thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev ywj pheej, lub tebchaws tau tsim kev lag luam ncaj ncees, uas tam sim no tsim tawm, raws li kev tso cai, tsheb Lavxias thiab nkoj sib ntaus, Cov tub rog tiv thaiv cov tub rog Turkish, Belarusian siv lub tshuab tswj kev nyab xeeb, European helicopters, South Korean nkoj, thiab lwm yam riam phom thiab mos txwv. Kev sib koom ua lag luam rau kev tsim kev sib txuas lus tau qhib; yav tom ntej, UAVs, optoelectronic thiab radar systems, yuav tsim qauv tshiab ntawm dav hlau thiab dav hlau. Nws tau npaj los pib tsim cov phom loj rau ntau lub hom phiaj, txhim kho cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv thiab rov kho lub tsheb raws T-72, kev tswj hwm tus kheej Igla-S tiv thaiv lub dav hlau ntawm BRDM chassis, kev tiv thaiv tus kheej thoob ntiaj teb raws li Igla -S thiab Shturm-Attack cuaj luaj, txhais tau tias yog hluav taws xob txawj ntse, thiab lwm yam.
Sary-Shagan qhov chaw qhia yog lub tsev rau Lavxias Dnepr-hom ceeb toom ceeb toom thaum ntxov. Tsis muaj lwm pab tub rog txawv tebchaws thiab cov tub rog nyob hauv lub tebchaws. Tab sis RF Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog niaj hnub siv thaj chaw qhia hauv ib puag ncig los ntawm USSR.
Kazakhstan yog tus tswv cuab ntawm txhua lub koom haum txhawb nqa Lavxias hauv thaj chaw tom qab Soviet, suav nrog CSTO thiab Moscow txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev koom ua ke, EAEU. Tab sis pawg neeg no, raws li Astana hais qhia tas li, yog kev lag luam dawb huv, nws tsis cuam tshuam txog kev koom nrog kev nom kev tswv. Kev sib raug zoo nrog Moscow nyob ze, tab sis tsis txhais tau tias zoo li qub. Lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog rau thaj chaw ua tub rog. Tshwj xeeb, CSTO CRRF rau lub sijhawm ntev yog de facto Lavxias-Kazakh, tam sim no Belarusian cov tub rog tau ntxiv rau lawv, yog li rov hais dua kev teeb tsa ntawm EAEU.
Hais txog ntau qhov ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv zej zog, Kazakhstan tau dhau los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub xeev tom qab-Soviet nrog kev ua nom ua tswv ruaj khov. Los ntawm cov tebchaws ntawm Central Asia, tsuas yog nyob ntawm no cov neeg Lavxias thiab lwm haiv neeg uas tsis yog ib txwm nyob hauv tebchaws tsis tau raug kev tsim txom ncaj qha thaum lub sijhawm USSR tawg thiab tsis tau khiav tawm mus rau Russia, tawm hauv cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, feem ntawm cov neeg Lavxias hauv cov pejxeem yog qhov siab heev. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no Kazakhstan yog tus thawj coj hauv cov neeg tawm mus rau Russia. Muaj qhov cuam tshuam "iav qab nthab": txhua txoj haujlwm saum toj kawg nkaus hauv tsoomfwv thiab kev lag luam yog tuav los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm haiv neeg hauv paus txawm. Rau ntau qhov kev lag luam uas tsis yog cov neeg nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam, qhov xwm txheej no tsis tuaj yeem lees txais.
Tsis muaj leej twg nyob ze peb
Peb qhov teeb meem nrog Ankara dhau los ua teeb meem rau Astana. Kazakhstan txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog Qaib Cov Txwv tau ze li ze nrog Russia. Qhov no tseem txuas ntxiv rau kev tsim tub rog. Nws yog nrog kev pabcuam Turkish uas Kazakhstan tsim nws tus kheej lub tank T-72 "Shagys". Ntawm KADEX 2012 kev nthuav qhia, nws tau tawm tsam ntawm plaub lub tsev dai khaub ncaws loj loj uas tau muab rau cov neeg tuaj txawv teb chaws, ob qho sib xyaw, thiab ntawm ob lub tebchaws mono, ib qho yog Lavxias, thib ob yog Turkish. Ntawm qhov nkag mus rau tom kawg, kev tshaj tawm rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv huab cua los ntawm Aselsan tau tig mus tsis kawg. Ntawm nws, Turkish lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua nto moo tua Russia Su-30 thiab Ka-52. Nws yog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2012 thaum kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tog zoo nkaus li zoo xwb.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li cov tebchaws Transcaucasian, Kazakhstan tsis muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev kos rau hauv kev xav tseem muaj peev xwm ua rog Lavxias-Turkish. Astana tsuas tuaj yeem tos kom txog thaum qhov xwm txheej tau daws li cas. Qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo ntawm qhov xwm txheej hauv tebchaws Afghanistan, uas yuav luag yuav tsum tau npaj mus rau Central Asia, yuav txhawb kev ua tub rog kev koom tes ntawm Moscow thiab Astana. Yog li, txawm tias muaj teeb meem thiab kev tsis sib haum, Kazakhstan tseem yuav yog Russia tus phooj ywg ze tshaj plaws, yam tsawg kawg rau yav tom ntej.
