- Hitler piav txog kev ua tsov rog nrog USSR los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws tau xav ua ntej ntawm Stalin. Koj tseem tuaj yeem hnov cov lus no hauv Russia. Koj xav li cas?
- Tseem tseem tsis tau lees paub qhov no. Tab sis tsis muaj leej twg paub dab tsi Stalin xav tau tiag tiag.
Bernd Bonwetsch, kws sau keeb kwm German
Pw tsaug zog vim li cas muab yug rau monsters. Qhov tseeb, tsis tau ua tiav lub sijhawm rau kev sib tw ntawm lub sijhawm, Soviet cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab Kev Tsov Rog Zoo Tshaj Plaws "pw tsaug zog" rov qab los ntawm qhov qub ntawm Nazi monstrous qub dab neeg txog kev npaj ntawm Red Army thaum lub caij ntuj sov. xyoo 1941 los tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ua ntej tiv thaiv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ntxiv mus, yuav luag tsis tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb loj ntawm Soviet kev npaj ua ntej tsov rog thiab yog vim li cas rau kev swb ntawm Red Army thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941, nrog rau lawv qhov kev sib ze, tso cai rau cov qub dab neeg kom tau txais koob meej nyob rau lub sijhawm luv.
Ib qho kev sim los tawm tsam nws los ntawm kev thim rov qab nws tus kheej cov ntsiab lus, txij li "lub hauv paus lub tswv yim raug yog qee zaum txhawb los ntawm kev tsis ntseeg siab, thiab qee zaum tsuas yog ua yuam kev", tsis ua tiav. Qhov tseeb, "nws tsis txaus los thuam qhov kev sib cav ntawm tus neeg sib tw hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Qhov no yuav tsuas yog qhia tias nws txoj haujlwm tsis zoo tsim thiab txaj muag. Txhawm rau qhia nws qhov tsis raug, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm txoj haujlwm tsis sib xws."
Kev kawm tsis zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941 ua rau muaj kev sib tham tsis txaus ntseeg txog phiaj xwm ntawm Soviet cov tub rog thiab kev coj noj coj ua nyob rau hmo ua ntej Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm Red Army thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941. Peb qhov kev xaiv tau npaj rau kev txhim kho cov xwm txheej: Red Army tau npaj rau kev tiv thaiv, kev npaj ua ntej rau lub tebchaws Yelemes lossis kev swb ntawm Wehrmacht ntawm thaj chaw ntawm USSR. Tam sim no kev sib tham yog nyob rau qhov tsis xwm yeem. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj rau cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau muab cov lus teb tsis meej; ntxiv mus, tag nrho peb sab lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm lawv cov kev npaj ntawm Soviet kev npaj nrog tib cov ntaub ntawv.
Hauv txoj haujlwm no, yuav muaj kev sim ua kom tawm ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tam sim no los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws thiab rov xav txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Soviet kev npaj ua ntej ua tsov rog tau qhia rau hauv kev tshawb fawb. Qhov tshiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyob hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ze ntawm Soviet kev npaj ua ntej ua tsov rog, qhia txog kev txhim kho, nthuav tawm nws cov txheej txheem. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tau them los piav qhia qhov laj thawj rau kev ua tub rog tsis ua haujlwm ntawm Red Army hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ciam teb thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941. Thawj thawj zaug, txoj kev npaj rau yeej ntawm Wehrmacht pab tub rog ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Soviet Union tau qhia meej thiab muaj laj thawj, nrog rau kev hais txog cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb.
Txoj kev npaj zaum kawg rau kev npaj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm Red Army thaum ua tsov rog ua ntej muaj Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 2 tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm Czechoslovak ntsoog thaum Lub Peb Hlis 24, 1938, tom qab tsoomfwv USSR tshaj tawm tias Soviet Union tau npaj siab muab kev pab rau Czechoslovakia thaum muaj kev tawm tsam German. Lub phiaj xwm tau npaj rau kev tawm tsam ntawm ob pawg tub rog: ntawm ib sab, Fabkis, Czechoslovakia thiab USSR, ntawm lwm qhov, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Nyij Pooj, Poland, Finland, Estonia thiab Latvia. Nws tau xav tias Ltalis yuav koom nrog kev tawm tsam tshwj xeeb nrog nws cov tub rog, Lithuania yuav nyob hauv tebchaws Yelemes thiab Poland hauv thawj hnub ntawm kev ua tsov rog, thiab Romania thiab Turkey, nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej, tuaj yeem tawm tsam USSR.
Nws tau kwv yees tias Lub Tebchaws Yelemees yuav tso 14 kev sib cais tawm tsam Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Tebchaws Poland yuav tso 33 kev sib cais tawm tsam Czechoslovakia, thiab tawm tsam USSR Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Poland, Latvia, Estonia thiab Finland yuav tsom 144 kev sib cais thiab 16 pawg tub rog, uas USSR yuav tawm tsam 139 kev sib cais thiab 26 pawg tub rog. Raws li txoj phiaj xwm ntawm kev hais kom ua ntawm Red Army, cov tub rog Soviet tsawg dua yuav tsum tau them nyiaj los ntawm lawv txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua.
Hauv tag nrho, ob txoj kev xaiv rau kev ua ntawm Red Army thaum muaj kev ua tsov rog tau tsim. Thawj qhov kev xav txog kev xa tawm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Latvia thiab Poland sab qaum teb ntawm Pripyat bogs, qhov thib ob - kev xa tawm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Poland sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat bogs. Hauv ob qho tib si, nws tau npaj siab tias yuav kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab los ntawm kev tawm tsam pem hauv ntej ntawm Soviet pab tub rog tawm tsam pab pawg yeeb ncuab coob tshaj plaws. Hauv thawj qhov, los ntawm 70 txog 82 kev sib cais ntawm Soviet thiab 11 lub tub rog tub rog (12 kev sib cais ntawm RGK tau xav tias yuav tsoo Estonian thiab Latvian pab tub rog thaum muaj Estonia thiab Latvia nkag mus ua rog) sab qaum teb ntawm Pripyat swamps tau ua txhaum German -Polish-Latvian pab pawg ntawm 88 kev sib cais thiab 3 pab tub rog tub rog nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej los ntawm Sventsyan mus rau Baranavichy nrog rau kev muab kev tawm tsam tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub txhab nyiaj ntawm Neman nrog kev tawm tsam los ntawm Polotsk thiab Slutsk. 38 Kev sib cais hauv Soviet thiab 9 lub tub rog tau tua yeej 40 qhov kev sib cais ntawm Polish thiab 13 pab tub rog tub rog sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps ntawm nqaim pem hauv ntej los ntawm Rovno mus rau Brod (daim duab 1).
Hauv qhov thib ob, los ntawm 80 txog 86 kev sib faib thiab los ntawm 13 txog 15 lub tank tub rog ntawm pab pawg Soviet (6 kev sib faib thiab 3 lub nkoj tub rog ntawm pab pawg Soviet sab qaum teb, thaum muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm Finland, Estonia thiab Latvia, tau txhawb nqa Soviet pab pawg sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps) tau kov yeej German-Polish pab pawg ntawm 86 kev sib faib thiab 13 pab tub rog tub rog nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej los ntawm Rivne mus rau Ternopil, muab kev tawm tsam tseem ceeb ntawm Lublin nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm Kovel thiab Lvov, thiab 37 kev sib cais ntawm Soviet thiab 7 lub tank tub rog tau tawm tsam 62 German-Polish kev sib cais thiab 3 pab tub rog tub rog nyob ntawm qhov nqaim ntawm Oshmyany mus rau Novogrudok (daim duab 2). Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj me ntawm pab pawg ntawm cov haujlwm uas tau muab rau nws ua rau nws tus kheej: kev nce hauv pab pawg nce ntxiv, thiab kev txo qis txo ob qho dav ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab qhov tob ntawm kev tawm tsam.
Kev pom zoo Munich ntawm Askiv thiab Fabkis nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis ua rau USSR tsis tuaj yeem muab kev pabcuam tub rog rau Czechoslovakia. Tom qab Munich tau lees paub ntawm ciam teb tshiab ntawm Czechoslovakia, kev pab tub rog ntawm Soviet Union rau Czechoslovakia coj mus ua rog tsawg kawg nrog Askiv, Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis, thiab feem ntau nrog rau tag nrho Europe. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tom qab txias ntawm German kev sib raug zoo nrog Askiv thiab Fabkis tau txiav txim siab nws txoj kev koom tes nrog Soviet Union. Thaum xaus qhov kev cog lus Moscow tsis ua phem rau xyoo 1939 thiab zais zais ib feem ntawm Tebchaws Europe rau hauv kev cuam tshuam, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab USSR tau pib faib cov ciam teb nyob hauv Europe raws li lawv tau pom zoo: Lub tebchaws Yelemes tawm tsam Poland, nyob hauv Norway, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium thiab ib feem ntawm Fabkis, thaum lub sijhawm Soviet Union tau txais Bessarabia, Sab Hnub Poob Belarus thiab Ukraine, suav nrog Sab Qaum Teb Bukovina thiab thawb nws ciam teb ntawm Leningrad. Nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob, Soviet Union, tau kov yeej cov neeg tawm tsam Nyij Pooj ntawm Khalkhin-Gol River, tau ntev ua rau Tokyo tsis txaus siab los ntawm kev ua tsov rog loj nrog USSR.
Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Poland, Finland, Romania thiab Mongolia, Soviet Union tau txais txiaj ntsig kev sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb: ntawm Khalkhin -Gol River - kom puag ncig thiab kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab, ntawm Karelian Isthmus - txhawm rau hla thaj chaw muaj zog, nyob rau sab hnub poob Belarus thiab Ukraine, ntxiv rau Bessarabia - kev siv xov tooj ntawm tes thiab kev siv cov neeg ua haujlwm kho tshuab, thiab hauv Bessarabia - kev siv tub rog. Qhov kev paub tau sim thiab ua haujlwm hauv qhov kev ua tub rog tiag tiag tau siv thaum Lub Yim Hli 1940 thaum tsim txoj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm phiaj xwm phiaj xwm tshiab, suav nrog kev nce qib ntawm Cov Tub Rog Loj thiab cov ciam teb tshiab ntawm USSR.
Raws li hauv txoj kev npaj dhau los, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tseem yog tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb. Tsis muaj ib yam uas tsis txaus ntseeg lossis tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev txhim kho txoj kev npaj ua rog nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes, zoo rau xyoo 1940, USSR. USSR, nrog rau lwm lub tebchaws, tsis muaj phooj ywg nyob ruaj khov, tab sis muaj qhov xav tau tas mus li kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm nws cov ciam teb, tshwj xeeb nrog cov "phooj ywg" zoo li Hitler lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Tias yog vim li cas, thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1940 J. Stalin, tau txiav txim siab los ua kom muaj kev phooj ywg zoo ntawm USSR nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees vim qhov kev faib cov Balkans mus rau hauv kev cuam tshuam thiab tso cov Hiav Txwv Dub nyob ntawm kev pov tseg ntawm USSR, yog li raws li tsis tau rov hais dua txoj hmoo uas tsis tuaj yeem lees paub ntawm Askiv thiab Fabkis, uas kev phooj ywg nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau dhau los ua kev quab yuam, thiab muab Soviet cov kws lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws ywj pheej ntawm kev txiav txim siab rau lub tebchaws Yelemes, tib lub sijhawm thov kom nws cov tub rog muab kev ruaj ntseg lav rau USSR tawm tsam ceeb los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Nws tau kwv yees tias tawm tsam Soviet 179 kev sib cais thiab 14 lub nkoj tub rog nyob ntawm ciam teb nrog USSR, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Finland, Hungary thiab Romania yuav tso 233 kev sib cais. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm pawg tseem ceeb ntawm Tebchaws Yelemees nyob rau sab hnub tuaj tau xav tias yog sab qaum teb ntawm Pripyat bogs txhawm rau xa los ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Prussia txawm tias yog kev tawm tsam ntawm Riga thiab Polotsk, lossis kev tawm tsam ntawm Suwalki thiab Brest mus rau Minsk. Hauv thaj tsam ntawm Liepaja thiab Tallinn, kev ua phem rau amphibious tau xav tias: ib qho rau kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Soviet hauv Baltic, lwm qhov rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Leningrad nrog pab tub rog Finnish. Sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps, kev tawm tsam ntawm 50 German kev sib faib tau cia siab tias yuav hla thiab rov qab Lvov pab pawg ntawm Soviet pab tub rog, thiab los ntawm thaj tsam Botosani - tawm tsam los ntawm Romanian pab tub rog ntawm Zhmerinka.
Txhawm rau tawm tsam Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, pawg tseem ceeb ntawm Pab Tub Rog liab nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm 107 kev sib faib thiab 7 lub tub rog tub rog tau mob siab rau sab qaum teb ntawm Pripyat swamps, 62 kev sib cais thiab 4 lub tub rog tub rog - sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps, thiab 11 kev faib ua feem thiab 3 lub nkoj tub rog - ntawm ciam teb nrog Finland. Nws tau npaj los ua kom muaj kev tawm tsam sab nrauv ntawm lub zog ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Prussia los ntawm cov rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob thiab tawm tsam los ntawm ib feem ntawm cov rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, hla dhau cov kev tiv thaiv no. Txog qhov yeej ntawm Lublin pab pawg ntawm cov tub rog German, kev tawm tsam los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob thiab Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob tau npaj tseg. Nws tau npaj kom ruaj khov npog ciam teb ntawm USSR nrog Hungary thiab Romania. Qhov tshwj tseg ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab tau xav tias yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tom qab qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog German txhawm rau txhawm rau xa tawm kev tawm tsam zoo tiv thaiv cov tub rog German uas tau tawg dhau mus rau qhov tob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm USSR (Daim duab 3).
Txawm li cas los xij, txij li I. Stalin xav tias yuav muaj lub zog loj tshaj los tawm tsam kev cuam tshuam hauv Balkans, nws tsis txaus siab rau qhov phiaj xwm npaj tseg, thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Red Army tau qhia kom tsim phiaj xwm nrog kev tsom mus rau lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm Liab. Cov tub rog sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat bogs. Twb tau nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli 18, 1940, txoj haujlwm npaj phiaj xwm tshiab tau xa rau kev pom zoo, uas qhov kev xaiv nrog kev xa tawm ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm Red Army sab qaum teb ntawm Pripyat swamps tau ntxiv los ntawm qhov kev xaiv nrog kev xa tawm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm Red Army sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps.
Nws tau npaj tseg tias Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, nrog cov tub rog ntawm 94 kev sib cais thiab 7 lub tub rog tub rog, tau sib sau ua ke hauv 6 pab tub rog, ua ke nrog ib feem ntawm cov rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, nrog lub suab nrov los ntawm Bialystok thiab Lvov ledges, yuav tsoo yeeb ncuab Lublin pab pawg thiab ua ntej sib sib zog nqus mus rau Tebchaws Poland mus rau Kielce thiab Krakow. Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob thiab ib feem ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob tau ua lub luag haujlwm xa kev pab tawm tsam hauv qhov dav dav rau Allenstein. Lub phiaj xwm tau thov kom ua kom muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm pab pawg sab qab teb ntawm Soviet pab tub rog mus rau Breslau, tab sis qhov loj ntawm pab tub rog liab sib koom ua ke nyob ntawm ciam teb nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes hauv 162 kev sib faib thiab 13 lub tub rog tub rog tsis tau tsim rau qhov no (Daim duab 4).
Ua ke nrog cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xa mus, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 18, 1940, Soviet kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws tau nthuav tawm nrog lub hom phiaj rau kev swb ntawm Finnish cov tub rog ua tub rog los ntawm Red Army. Txij li kev ua tub rog tau npaj los ua nrog txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes, nws tau npaj siab los tawm tsam 18 Finnish kev sib cais ntawm 63 Soviet kev sib cais thiab 3 lub tub rog tub rog: 11 phom sib faib ntawm Leningrad Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam, 2 - PribOVO, 5 - OrVO, 8 - MVO, 7 - KhVO, 4 - Ural Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam, 2 - SKVO, 6 - PrivVO, 1 - ArchVO, 2 lub tsheb loj thiab 1 lub tsheb sib cais, 3 lub tub rog tub rog, nrog rau 14 phom RGK los ntawm ZOVO thiab KOVO. Nws tau npaj los tsim ob lub ntsej muag - North thiab North -West. 15 kev sib cais ntawm Sab Qaum Teb, tawm hauv Petsamo-Naussi thiab Kemi thaj tsam mus rau Norwegian thiab Swedish ciam teb, yog txhawm rau txhawm rau pab thoob ntiaj teb rau Finland, thaum 32 kev sib faib thiab 3 lub tank tub rog ntawm Sab Qaum Teb-Sab Hnub Poob, nrog rau 2 kev sib cais ntawm RGK, nrog ob qhov kev tawm tsam thiab nrog kev tsaws tsaws, nws yuav tsum swb lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm pab tub rog Finnish thiab mus txog Tampere thiab Helsinki, nrog rau nyob hauv Aland Islands (daim duab 5).
Hauv xov tooj cua hais lus thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1, W. Churchill tau hais tias: "Muab kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb, Russia tsis tuaj yeem txaus siab rau Tebchaws Yelemes nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Dub lossis nyob hauv tebchaws Balkan thiab kov yeej cov neeg Slavic ntawm Tebchaws Europe Sab Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj. Qhov no yuav yog qhov tsis sib xws nrog keeb kwm tsim cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Russia. " Twb tau nyob rau lub Kaum Hli 5, 1940, qhov phiaj xwm zaum kawg rau kev npaj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm phiaj xwm Red Army nyob rau sab hnub poob tau thov rau kev txiav txim siab, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Hli 14, qhov phiaj xwm zaum kawg rau kev npaj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm ntawm Red Army nyob rau sab hnub poob tau pom zoo, nrog rau kev tsom xam ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb. Kev sib xyaw ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm Breslau, tau nce mus rau 126 kev sib cais (suav nrog 23 kev sib cais ntawm RGK) thiab 20 lub tub rog tub rog, uas nws xav tau los npaj kom nce hauv Pawg Tub Rog los ntawm 226 kev sib cais thiab 25 lub tub rog tub rog mus rau 268 kev sib cais thiab 43 lub nkoj tub rog (daim duab 6). Ob qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, txij li kev nce qib tau npaj los ua tom qab kev tawm tsam kev ua phem rau ib xyoos tag nrho, tsis tas yuav tham txog kev npaj ua ntej kev tawm tsam los ntawm Red Army tiv thaiv lub tebchaws Yelemes nyob rau theem no. Peb tsuas tuaj yeem tham txog xa kev tawm tsam tawm tsam kev ua phem rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm USSR.
Qhov thib ob, txij li cov phiaj xwm tau npaj rau kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm ntxiv rau kev ua phem rau Finland, Romania thiab Qaib Cov Txwv, nws tau npaj, tsis ntseeg, nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Balkans mus rau hauv kev muaj zog, kev koom ua ke ntawm Finland thiab Yav Qab Teb Bukovina rau USSR thiab Hiav Txwv Dub. Raws li qhov phiaj xwm no, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1940, txoj phiaj xwm tshiab rau kev tawm tsam Kev Tsov Rog Liab tau txais los, thov kom nce nws cov muaj pes tsawg mus rau 292 pawg thiab 43 pawg tub rog.
Kev nce tus naj npawb ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab tau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau 134 kev sib faib thiab 20 lub tub rog nyob hauv Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob thiab coj kev tawg ntawm Soviet chav los ntawm Lvov qhov tseem ceeb mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Baltic Hiav Txwv kom nyob ib puag ncig thiab tom qab ntawd yuav luag tag nrho. Wehrmacht pab pawg nyob rau sab Hnub Tuaj. Tom qab kev pom zoo ntawm txoj kev npaj rau kev mob siab rau ntawm Pab Pawg Liab thiab cov phiaj xwm mob, KOVO lub hauv paus tau qhia kom txhim kho phiaj xwm kev nqis tes ua rau hauv cheeb tsam pab tub rog raws li lub Kaum Hli txoj phiaj xwm rau kev tsom mus rau ntawm Pab Pawg Liab, thiab LenVO lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm tau qhia kom tsim phiaj xwm rau Kev Ua Haujlwm NW. 20 "(" ua pauj kua zaub ntsuab nyob rau Sab Qaum Teb-Sab Hnub Poob "), uas tau ua raws txoj phiaj xwm ntawm lub Cuaj Hlis 18, 1940, suav nrog kev npaj ua kom nce ntxiv ntawm cov tub rog liab.
Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov phiaj xwm zoo nkauj tiag tiag tsis tau muaj lub hom phiaj los ua qhov tseeb. Hauv Leningrad Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam, cov lus qhia los ntawm Red Army hais kom tsim phiaj xwm rau zaum kawg ntawm Finland "S-Z. 20 "tsis tau txais kev txhim kho. Hauv kev sib piv rau Leningrad Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam, hauv KOVO, phiaj xwm phiaj xwm ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob raws li txoj haujlwm npaj rau xyoo 1940 tau tsim los lawm thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1940. Lub phiaj xwm tau npaj rau kev mloog zoo ntawm 7 pab tub rog, 99 kev sib cais thiab 19 lub nkoj tub rog nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob. Kev swb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv peb theem-kev tawm tsam, kev swb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb thiab nws txoj kev nrhiav hauv Breslau mus rau thaj tsam Opel-Kreisburg-Petrkov los ntawm cov rog ntawm 5th, 19th, 6th, 26th thiab 12th pab tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb -Sab Hnub Poob thiab ib feem ntawm cov rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, nrog rau kev swb ntawm ib feem ntawm pab tub rog Romanian nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm 18 thiab 9th pab tub rog ntawm Iasi thiab tawm ntawm ib feem ntawm 9 pab tub rog mus rau ciam teb Bulgarian (daim duab 7). Ua tiav raws li Lub Kaum Hli npaj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xa tawm thiab KOVO txoj phiaj xwm thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1941, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm mus rau North Caucasus thiab kev npaj yuav hloov pauv mus rau ciam teb sab hnub poob, Timoshenko hais rau I. Konev: "Peb suav nrog koj. Koj yuav sawv cev rau pab pawg tawm tsam yog tias tsim nyog tawm tsam."
Tom qab lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog liab thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1940, ob qhov kev ua tub rog-kev ua si ntawm daim duab qhia chaw thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1941 thiab kev pom zoo los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm KOVO G. Zhukov thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1941, M. Kirponos tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm General ntawm Red Army kom txib KOVO. Thaum nws tuaj txog hauv KOVO, txoj kev npaj npog tau nthuav tawm rau tus thawj coj tshiab ntawm koog tsev kawm ntawv, uas thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1941 tau hais kom KOVO cov thawj coj los tsim cov phiaj xwm pab tub rog kom npog ciam teb thaum lub Peb Hlis 15, 1941. Thaum ib nrab Lub Peb Hlis 1941, cov phiaj xwm no tau npaj tiav, thiab, raws li I. Baghramyan, tus thawj coj ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm KOVO lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm, "tsis xav tau kev hloov pauv loj."
Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab tau saib xyuas kev txhim kho ntawm txoj haujlwm los ntawm KOVO lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thiab "tsis ntev tom qab pib ua haujlwm ntawm Yugoslavia los ntawm Nazis … tau muab cov lus qhia los ua ntau qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb rau txoj kev npaj rau npog lub xeev ciam teb. Hauv paus tsev kawm ntawv tau hais kom ua kom cov tub rog txav mus rau ciam teb. Plaub tus neeg ua haujlwm kho tshuab, plaub lub phom sib faib thiab ntau tus qauv thiab cov chav ntawm cov tub rog tshwj xeeb tau raug rub tawm ntawm no. … Pawg tub rog ntawm koog tsev kawm ntawv, tom qab ua tib zoo kawm txog daim phiaj tshiab, yam tsis tau ncua kev pom zoo. " Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ntxov Lub Tsib Hlis 1941, txoj kev npaj tau raug tsis lees paub, thiab KOVO cov lus txib tau xaj kom tsim txoj phiaj xwm tshiab rau npog ciam teb. Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov laj thawj rau kev tsis lees paub ntawm kev ua thawj coj ntawm Red Army los ntawm KOVO txoj phiaj xwm, uas tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm rau kev npaj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm kev xa tub rog liab thaum Lub Yim Hli 19, Cuaj Hlis 18 thiab Kaum Hli 14, 1940, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav rov qab mus rau Kaum Ib Hlis 1940.
Nrog qhov ua tsis tiav thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1940 ntawm kev sib tham ntawm V. Molotov thiab I. von Ribbentrop thiab A. Hitler, nrog rau qhov pib ntawm kev ua tsov rog kev sib cav ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab USSR rau Bulgaria, cov lus nug ntawm kev kov yeej lub teb chaws Yelemees los ntawm kev xav dav hlau mus rau hauv ib qho kev ua. Pom tseeb, hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev ua tub rog ntawm USSR tau txiav txim siab, yam tsis tau tso kev tawm tsam rau cov yeeb ncuab, kom kov yeej nws cov tub rog, tiv thaiv lawv cov kev tawm tsam thiab xa tawm tsam kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub tebchaws Yelemes. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov txheej txheem tau nug cov lus nug ntawm kev nce kev koom tes ntawm Red Army kom xa kev lees paub thiab txhua yam kev puas tsuaj ua ntej kev tawm tsam los ntawm KOVO pab pawg los ntawm ciam teb ntawm yav qab teb Poland mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv Baltic, thiab kev tawm tsam ua ntej xav tau nce ntxiv hauv kev koom ua ke ntawm Red Army nyob rau lub sijhawm ua ntej ua tsov rog. Yog li, Lub Kaum Hli 1940 phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xa tawm, thiab tom qab nws mobplan, KOVO cov phiaj xwm thiab phiaj xwm rau kev swb Finland, Romania thiab Qaib Cov Txwv, tau dheev raug tshem tawm thiab xa mus rau qhov tsis nco qab.
Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1940, tau ntsib lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshaj lij ntawm Red Army tau tuav, uas cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tub rog tau txiav txim siab, suav nrog kev siv kev sib ntaus ntawm cov tub rog German, Askiv thiab Fabkis hauv 1939-40. Thaum lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1941, ob qhov kev ua tub rog -kev ua si ntawm daim duab qhia chaw tau txiav txim siab qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam los ntawm Red Army tiv thaiv lub teb chaws Yelemees - sab qaum teb lossis sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat swamps mus rau Baltic Hiav Txwv, hla kev tiv thaiv sab hnub tuaj Prussia los ntawm Bialystok thiab Lvov ledges, feem. Qhov tseeb tias ob qho kev ua si pib nrog kev ua phem ntawm "sab hnub tuaj" (USSR), thaum lawv cov kev coj ua los coj kev tawm tsam kev ua phem ntawm "sab hnub poob" tau txwv rau qhov luv luv thiab tsis meej pem ua ntej. Hauv thawj qhov kev ua si, kev tawm tsam ntawm "sab hnub tuaj" sawv, coj los ntawm Pavlov, tau dhau los hla kev tiv thaiv ntawm East Prussia, txawm li cas los xij, "sab hnub poob" sawv daws, ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam luv luv ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm "sab hnub tuaj" kev ua phem, nug nws qhov ua tau zoo (Scheme 8). Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas qhov kev ua si, kev txiav txim siab ntawm D. Pavlov, uas ua si rau "Sab Hnub Tuaj", tau lees paub tias raug, tab sis nrog qhov ua pov thawj tias kom ua tiav ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus zoo nws yog qhov tsim nyog koom nrog ntau lub zog thiab txhais tau tias.
Hauv qhov kev ua si thib ob, "sab hnub tuaj" (USSR), tau tsoo sab qab teb ntawm Pripyat bogs, yeej sai sai "sab qab teb" (Romania), "Southwestern" (Hungary) thiab pib ua ntej sai sai tob mus rau thaj tsam ntawm "sab hnub poob" "(Lub teb chaws Yelemees). Nws yog qhov kev xaiv xa tawm uas tau pom zoo ua lub hauv paus (Daim duab 9). Yog li, zaum thib ob, kev xaiv yav qab teb ntawm kev tsom mus rau Pab Pawg Liab rau Sab Hnub Poob yeej txoj kev xaiv sab qaum teb. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua si, G. Zhukov, uas tau coj cov tub rog ntawm "sab hnub tuaj" pab tub rog thib ob ua haujlwm ntawm daim duab qhia chaw, tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj tshiab ntawm Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm ntawm Red Army los tsim thiab xa tawm kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam los ntawm Red Army tiv thaiv lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Qhov tseeb tias kev tawm tsam yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tau qhia meej los ntawm I. Stalin tau teem sijhawm rau hnub pib ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm G. Zhukov Txoj Kev Npaj Lub Peb Hlis rau Lub Rau Hli 12, 1941 - raws li M. Meltyukhov tau hais ncaj ncees, I. Stalin tuaj yeem tau teem sijhawm hnub ntawm kev tawm tsam USSR rau Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab hnub tim ntawm kev tawm tsam German ntawm USSR tsis yog. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1941, tau npaj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm tshiab, muab kev hloov pauv ntawm Red Army nyob rau lub sijhawm ua ntej ua tsov rog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm 314 kev sib faib (22 kev faib ua haujlwm xa los ntawm 43 lub nkoj tub rog tau ntxiv rau yav dhau los 292 kev sib faib). Ib qho ntxiv, pom tseeb, txhua yam tau npaj rau kev tsim ntawm ntau ntau kaum ob qhov kev faib ua feem nrog qhov pib ntawm kev tawm tsam.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 1941, tom qab kev qhia ntawm German pab tub rog mus rau Bulgaria, thiab Askiv pab tub rog mus rau tim Nkij teb chaws, Soviet Union tau txais txoj hauv kev tshiab rau phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xa mus rau Red Army, muab rau qhov kev sib cais ntawm 144 kev faib ua ib feem ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, thiab yog ib feem ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob thiab Sab Hnub Poob 82 qhov kev sib cais. Txoj kev npaj no koom nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees qhov kev tawm tsam hauv Baltic xeev - ntawm Riga thiab Daugavpils, Belarus - ntawm Volkovysk thiab Baranovichi nrog kev tawm tsam hnyav los ntawm Suwalki thiab Brest, thiab Ukraine - ntawm Kiev thiab Zhmerinka, txhawm rau puag ncig thiab swb Lvov pab pawg ntawm Soviet pab tub rog daim duab 10).
Tag nrho Lub Peb Hlis 1941 txoj phiaj xwm ntawm lub xyoo tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm nyob rau txhua qhov chaw, txawm li cas los xij, nws tej zaum yuav xav txog qhov kev tawm tsam ua ntej los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees mus rau Baltic ntug dej hiav txwv, nrog lub hom phiaj ncig thiab tua yeej tag nrho pab pawg ntawm pab tub rog German. nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ib zaug. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Lub Peb Hlis 1941 txoj phiaj xwm thiab Lub Cuaj Hli thiab Lub Kaum Hli 1940 cov phiaj xwm yog kev nce hauv South-Western Front grouping thiab qhov tob ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees mus txog rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Baltic, nws txoj kev mob siab rau thiab mob siab rau ua ntej ua tsov rog, qhov kev xav ntawm kev txo qis ntawm qhov tob ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tawm tsam USSR hauv Belarus-tsis yog rau Minsk, tabsis rau Baranovichi, thiab tseem, pom tseeb, muaj kev sib txuas zoo rau kev ua ntawm Anglo-Greek-Yugoslav-Turkish pab tub rog tiv thaiv Lub Tebchaws Balkan cov phoojywg. - Bulgaria, Italian Albania, Romania thiab Hungary.
Qhov pib ntawm kev txhim kho thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1941 los ntawm USSR thiab Britain ntawm cov phiaj xwm rau kev qhia cov tub rog mus rau Iran qhia tias muaj qee yam kev cog lus lossis kev pom zoo ntawm lawv - Askiv tsis kam ua kom yeej cov neeg Italians hauv North Africa thiab xa nws cov tub rog los ntawm nyob rau tim Nkij teb chaws kom tawm tsam Tebchaws Yelemees Cov Neeg Balkan cov phoojywg thiab yog li ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kev swb ntawm pab pawg German nyob rau sab hnub tuaj los ntawm Red Army, txhawm rau pauv kev tiv thaiv Is Nrias teb los ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm German Afrika Korps, Ltalis thiab Fabkis los ntawm North Africa thiab Middle East dhau los ntawm Egypt, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq rau Iran thiab txuas ntxiv mus rau Is Nrias teb (Scheme 11). Ib yam yog qhov tseeb - los ntawm kev tsim Balkan Front, U. Qhov tseeb, Churchill tau nrhiav "ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv Soviet Russia."
Kev swb sai ntawm Yugoslavia thiab Greece los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees txias Stalin qhov kev txiav txim siab los tua lub tebchaws Yelemes. Lub Peb Hlis 1941 txoj kev npaj raug tso tseg. I. Stalin pom zoo tso nws txoj kev phooj ywg nrog W. Churchill thiab pib rov ua nws kev sib raug zoo nrog A. Hitler. Qhov taw qhia hauv qhov kev hwm no yog I. Stalin qhov kev tsis lees paub ntawm G. Zhukov qhov kev thov kom yog thawj tus los tua lub tebchaws Yelemes raws li cov phiaj xwm ntawm Tsib Hlis 15 thiab Lub Rau Hli 13, 1941.
Cov phiaj xwm tau thov rau I. Stalin los ntawm G. Zhukov thaum lub Tsib Hlis 15, 1941, tau xav txog kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Romania los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm 8 pab tub rog thiab 146 kev sib cais ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob thiab ib feem ntawm cov rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, nrog kev nkag mus thawj theem mus rau Ostrolenka -Olomouc kab, ntawm qhov thib ob - mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Baltic Hiav Txwv kom nyob ib puag ncig East Prussian pawg Wehrmacht nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Cov Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab tom qab Sab Hnub Poob thiab Sab Hnub Poob Sab Qab Teb tau xa kev tawm tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab uas tau tawg mus rau Vilnius thiab Minsk, ntxiv rau Kiev thiab Zhmerinka. Ob pab tub rog ntawm RGK, nyob rau thaj tsam Sychevka, Vyazma, Yelnya thiab Bryansk ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, yog, yog tias tsim nyog, txhawb cov tub rog ntawm sab hnub poob lossis sab qab teb sab hnub poob.
Nws tau npaj los tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam German los ntawm kev tso German pab pawg poob siab mus rau Minsk thiab Kiev: sib cais los ntawm Pripyat swamps, lawv ua rau tsis muaj kev hem thawj rau Red Army, tib lub sijhawm lawv tau lees tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua phem ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog German. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhim khu kev qha ntawm USSR-German ciam teb nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Prussia cheeb tsam tiv thaiv kev hla ntawm cov neeg German mus rau hauv Baltic States thiab ib puag ncig ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Cov tub rog nyob hauv thaj av Baranovichi (Daim duab 12). Lub phiaj xwm ntawm Lub Rau Hli 13, 1941, sib txawv me ntsis los ntawm Lub Tsib Hlis txoj kev npaj hauv tus kheej cov ntsiab lus, raws nraim qhov txheej txheem no (Scheme 13).
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 13, 1941, TASS cov lus tshaj tawm hauv Xov Xwm Soviet thaum Lub Rau Hli 14, 1941 txog qhov tsis muaj kev nruj nruj ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Soviet Union tau xa mus rau tsoomfwv German los ntawm kev tshaj tawm txoj cai. Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov kev txhawb siab ntawm I. Stalin, uas thaum kawg thiab tsis lees paub tsis kam xa qhov kev tawm tsam ua ntej tiv thaiv lub tebchaws Yelemes, cia peb rov qab los thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1940 mus rau lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab.
Yog li, peb pom tias tom qab tsim kom muaj ciam teb tshiab hauv xeev, Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm Red Army tau tsim txoj phiaj xwm tshiab rau kev xa cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog liab. Kev tawm tsam thawj zaug ntawm 94 kev sib cais thiab 7 lub tub rog tub rog los ntawm Lvov qhov tseem ceeb mus rau Krakow (40% ntawm 226 qhov chaw sib cais hauv lub dav hlau) tau tob zuj zus los ntawm 126 kev sib cais thiab 20 lub nkoj tub rog ua ntej rau Breslau (47% ntawm 268 kev sib cais), thiab tom qab ntawd 134 kev faib thiab 20 tank cov tub rog mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv Baltic (46% ntawm 292 kev sib faib). Txij li nws tau xav kom nthuav kev koom tes nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, kev npaj yog ntawm "qhov xwm txheej" xwb. Qhov tseem ceeb yog lo lus nug ntawm kev faib thaj tsam ntawm Balkans thiab kev tso tawm ntawm Finland, seem ntawm Bukovina thiab Txoj Kev Ncaj Ncees.
Qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv ntau tom qab tsis ua tiav ntawm V. Molotov kev sib tham nrog German kev coj noj coj ua thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1940. Txoj kev ywj pheej tau tso tseg. Ntawm cov txheej txheem yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev npaj ua ntej tawm tsam German. Tus naj npawb ntawm Red Army tau nce tam sim rau lub xeev xav tau los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941, kev npaj tau ua tiav, tab sis txoj kev npaj rau kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam hauv Tebchaws Yelemees tsis tau txais los siv.
Scheme 1. Kev ua tub rog ntawm Pab Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li kev npaj xa tawm thaum Lub Peb Hlis 24, 1938 (Sab Qaum Teb). Muab tso ua ke los ntawm tsab ntawv los ntawm K. E. Voroshilov txog qhov yuav muaj feem sib tw ntawm USSR // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 2 / Daim Ntawv Ntxiv No. 11 // www.militera.lib.ru
Cov phiaj xwm 2. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Pawg Tub Rog ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li txoj kev npaj xa khoom thaum Lub Peb Hlis 24, 1938 (Yav Qab Teb version). Muab tso ua ke los ntawm tsab ntawv los ntawm K. E. Voroshilov txog qhov yuav muaj feem sib tw ntawm USSR // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 2 / Daim Ntawv Ntxiv No. 11 // www.militera.lib.ru
Scheme 3. Kev nqis tes ua ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li txoj kev npaj xa khoom thaum Lub Yim Hli 19, 1940 Sau ua ke raws li ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm USSR NO thiab NGSh KA hauv Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Nroog ntawm Txhua Tus- Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) IV Stalin thiab V. M. Molotov hais txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv tub rog ntawm USSR nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab sab hnub tuaj rau xyoo 1940 thiab 1941 // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 / Daim Ntawv No. 95 // www.militera.lib.ru
Cov txheej txheem 4. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li txoj kev npaj xa tawm thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 18, 1940. Sau ua ke raws li ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm USSR Ministry of Defense thiab NGSh KA hauv Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb ntawm All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) mus rau IV Stalin thiab VM Molotov ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm kev siv tub rog ua tub rog Soviet Union nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab sab hnub tuaj rau xyoo 1940 thiab 1941 // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 / Daim Ntawv No. 117 // www.militera.lib.ru
Scheme 5. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Liab tiv thaiv Finland raws li txoj kev npaj xa tawm thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 18, 1940. Sau ua ke raws li ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm USSR NO thiab NGSh KA mus rau Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Nroog ntawm All-Union Communist Party ntawm Bolsheviks rau IV Stalin thiab VM Union thaum muaj kev ua tsov rog nrog Finland // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 / Daim Ntawv No. 118 // www.militera.lib.ru
Scheme 6. Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li txoj kev npaj xa khoom thaum Lub Kaum Hli 5, 1940. Sau ua ke raws li ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm USSR NO thiab NGSh KA hauv Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Txhua Tus -Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) mus rau IV Stalin thiab VM Molotov ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xa tawm ntawm cov tub rog ua tub rog Soviet Union nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab sab hnub tuaj rau xyoo 1941 // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 // www.militera.lib.ru
Scheme 7. Kev ua tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob raws li txoj kev npaj xa mus rau xyoo 1940. Muab tso ua ke los ntawm kev ceeb toom los ntawm NSh KOVO. Hlis ntuj nqeg 1940 // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 / Daim Ntawv No. 224 // www.militera.lib.ru
Lub tswv yim 8. Thawj qhov xwm txheej thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm ob tog ntawm thawj qhov kev ua si uas muaj tswv yim, tuav ntawm Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1941. Luam tawm los ntawm: M. V. Zakharov Nyob rau ntawm qhov kev sim siab loj / Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj hauv Xyoo Ua Ntej Tsov Rog. - M., 2005. S. 366-367.
Cov phiaj xwm 9. Thawj qhov xwm txheej thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm ob tog ntawm qhov kev sib tw zaum thib ob, tau tuav ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1941. Luam tawm los ntawm: M. V. Zakharov Nyob rau ntawm qhov kev sim siab loj / Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj hauv Xyoo Ua Ntej Tsov Rog. - M., 2005. S. 370-371.
Scheme 10. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xa tawm thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 1941. Rov tsim kho tus sau. Muab tso ua ke los ntawm kev sau ntawv los ntawm USSR NO thiab NGSh KA // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 / Daim Ntawv No. 315 // www.militera.lib.ru
Scheme 11. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Pawg Tub Rog ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab thiab Great Britain raws li cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xa tawm thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 1941. Rov tsim kho tus sau. Muab tso ua ke los ntawm kev sau ntawv los ntawm USSR NO thiab NGSh KA // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1 / Daim Ntawv No. 315 // www.militera.lib.ru; Shtemenko S. M. Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Thaum Tsov Rog. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 1/2 ed., Kev. thiab ntxiv. - M., 1975. - S. 20-21; Encyclopedia ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. Kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau sab qab teb: Tsib Hlis 1940-Lub Rau Hli 1941 / Ib. los ntawm lus Askiv - M., 2007.-- S. 70-71.
Cov phiaj xwm 12. Kev nqis tes ua ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li txoj kev npaj xa tawm thaum lub Tsib Hlis 15, 1941 Muab tso ua ke los ntawm kev sau tseg los ntawm USSR NO thiab NGSh KA rau tus thawj coj ntawm Pawg Sab Laj. ntawm Cov Neeg Commissars ntawm USSR IV Stalin nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm txoj kev npaj rau phiaj xwm kev xa tub rog ntawm Soviet Union thaum muaj kev ua tsov ua rog nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab nws cov phoojywg // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 2 / Daim Ntawv No. 473 // www.militera.lib.ru
Scheme 13. Pab Pawg Sib Koom Tes ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv European theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li txoj phiaj xwm xa mus rau Lub Rau Hli 13, 1941. Muab tso ua ke los ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev xa tub rog ntawm USSR thaum muaj kev ua tsov rog sab hnub poob // 1941. Sau cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv 2 phau ntawv. Phau ntawv. 2 / Daim Ntawv No. 550 // www.militera.lib.ru
