Spencer carbine M1865,.50 caliber.
Zoo, zaj dab neeg hais txog cov txheej txheem nthuav no yuav tsum pib nrog zaj dab neeg hais txog nws tus tsim qauv, uas thaum lub sijhawm tsim nws lub npe nrov carbine nyuam qhuav muaj 20 xyoo! Tus raug Connecticut Yankee Christopher Miner Spencer yug xyoo 1833 rau hauv tsev neeg txom nyem. Thiab txom nyem heev uas Crete hluas (uas yog nws lub npe thaum yau) tsis tuaj yeem tau txais kev kawm, thiab nws raug yuam kom kawm txhua yam ntawm nws tus kheej. Rau 12 xyoo nws tau tawm hauv nws lub tsev thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev kawm ntawm Connecticut tus phab ej, siv rab phom thiab tua phom los ntawm qhov ntawd zoo ib yam "Kentucky phom ntev" - Josiah Hollister, uas tau paub ua riam phom rau George Washington nws tus kheej. Nws qhia Crete ntau heev, thiab tseem ua rau nws mob siab rau mus yos hav zoov, uas nws tau ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab nws tau xyaum txog thaum laus.
Christopher Spencer hauv nws cov hluas.
Xyoo 1854, Spencer pib ua haujlwm ntawm Samuel Colt lub Hoobkas hauv Hartford, tab sis tom qab ntawd tau mus ua haujlwm rau Robins thiab Lawrence, uas nws lub tuam txhab tsim cov phom loj Sharps. Thiab yog li, tau kawm txog rab phom no, Spencer xav tias nws cov qauv tsim tso cai kom nws tig mus ua riam phom los ntawm qhov uas nws yuav tuaj yeem tua tau, yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem ntev thiab muaj teeb meem ntawm kev rov ntim nws. Hauv rab phom nws tus kheej, nws tau ntxim nyiam los ntawm qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim: tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj, uas tau txav mus los ntsug hauv qhov zawj ntawm tus txais, tswj los ntawm qib ntev, siv tau yooj yim, tab sis ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib feem cais uas mus ncig lub ntsiab bracket
Daim duab ntawm rab phom Sharps.
Txoj haujlwm tau sib cav, thiab twb txog lub Peb Hlis 6, 1860, Christopher Spencer tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj rau nws qhov kev tsim khoom - phom phom magazine - thiab "Spencer carbine". Sab nrauv, qhov riam phom no zoo li cov phom loj tshaj plaws uas muaj rab phom tswj los ntawm txoj hlua khawm. Tab sis nws muaj "zest": sab hauv qab muaj ib phau ntawv xov xwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub raj nrog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav sab hauv, nyob rau hauv uas xya puag ncig tau ntxig ib los ntawm ib lub mos txwv rau pem hauv ntej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tau nrawm dua, thiab tom qab ntawd, hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev thauj khoom dua, thawb lawv tawm ntawm nws ib leeg los ntawm ib qho xa cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj mus rau hauv chav. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau rov ua cov carbine los ntawm kev rub tus qib qis hauv qab tus txais, uas, tsis zoo li lub kaw lus Sharps, tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub ntsuas phoo. Tus rauj, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tau raug tsoo; nws yuav tsum tau muab pov ua ke ua ntej txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj. Nws muaj peev xwm khaws cov ntawv xov xwm ua ntej tso rau hauv cov tubular tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tuav 6, 10 thiab 13 cov ntawv xov xwm.
Daim duab ntawm Spencer carbine ntaus ntawv
Rau kev tua, lawv tau siv Smith thiab Wesson daim cartridges ntawm 1854 tus qauv nrog lub tes tsho tooj liab thiab rab phom mos txwv ua kom huv. Thawj cov carbines yog.56-56, tab sis lub pob mos txwv tiag yog.52 ntiv tes. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj 45 nplej (2.9 g) cov hmoov dub, thiab siv cov mos txwv ntawm calibers.56-52,.56-50 thiab "miv qus".56-46. Qhov no yuav tsum nkag siab raws li txoj hauv kev uas thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas cov mos txwv txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov tau txais tom qab thiab muaj ob lub npe. Thawj tus lej - qhia pom txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tes tsho, tus thib ob - txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub mos txwv nyob hauv qhov chaw uas nws nkag mus rau hauv rab phom phom. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog carbines ntawm.52 lossis 13.2 mm caliber. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias.56-56 daim cartridge yuav luag zoo li cov mos txwv rau qhov loj tshaj plaws.58 caliber musket ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog, thiab yog li ntawd muaj qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj.
"Spencer" tam sim ntawd tau qhia nws tus kheej tias yog riam phom uas ntseeg tau thiab nrawm heev, los ntawm qhov uas nws tuaj yeem tua tau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntau tshaj 20 teev nyob rau ib feeb. Muab piv rau cov phom phom primer, uas muab 2-3 zaug ib feeb, qhov no yog, tau kawg, zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev thov ua rau nws nyuaj rau txaus siab rau nws. Cov neeg mob xav tau taw qhia tias thaum tua, muaj pa luam yeeb ntau uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau pom cov yeeb ncuab tom qab nws, thiab tias qhov xwm txheej ntawm tshav rog yuav xaus mus zoo ib yam li yog tias cov tub rog sawv hauv qhov pos huab, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsis muaj qhov taw tes hauv kev tua ceev.
Spencer M1865 carbine nrog qhib ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Saum toj no yog cov cartridges rau nws thiab lub khw.
Ib rab phom uas muaj peev xwm tua tau ob peb zaug nrawm dua li ib leeg txhaj tshuaj carbines tseem yuav xav tau kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab xa khoom thiab yuav tsim lub nra hnyav dua rau cov kev tsheb ciav hlau uas twb dhau lawm, xav tau kaum tawm txhiab ntau tus maum, cov tsheb loj thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau. Ib qho ntxiv, rau cov nyiaj uas ib tus Spencer carbine tus nqi, nws muaj peev xwm yuav ntau lub phom Springfield, uas tseem tsis yog qhov nws nyiam.
Spencer lub phom me me.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, Spencer qhov kom zoo dua yog nws cov mos txwv, uas tsis muaj dej thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub sijhawm ntev thiab kev thauj mus los hauv cov tsheb thauj khoom. Lub caij no, kev paub txog kev ua tsov rog tau qhia tias zoo ib yam, piv txwv li, ntawv thiab daim ntaub mos txwv rau rab phom Sharps, thauj hauv wagons los ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau lossis tom qab khaws cia ntev hauv cov chaw khaws khoom, feem ntau ntub thiab yog li ntawd muab pov tseg. Spencer cov mos txwv tsis muaj teeb meem zoo li no.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm Spencer carbine: kev rho tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv daim cartridge thiab muab cov cartridge tom ntej.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm Spencer carbine: lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj raug kaw thiab xauv, rauj raug tsoo.
Kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm Sab Qaum Teb thiab Sab Qab Teb tsim kev lag luam zoo rau riam phom ntawm qee lub sijhawm tsis txaus ntseeg hauv lub tebchaws, thiab Spencer, uas ntseeg hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo ntawm nws tus qauv, nrawm kom nkag mus sai li sai tau. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1861, ntawm Chickering's Boston lub Hoobkas, nws tau txiav txim rau thawj tus qauv ntawm nws cov carbine, thiab tom qab ntawd pib nrhiav txoj hauv kev rau Tsev Dawb. Hmoov zoo rau nws, nws tus neeg nyob sib ze hauv Washington tau yog phooj ywg ntawm Tus Tuav Haujlwm ntawm Navy, Gideon Welles, uas tau pab Spencer kom tau txais kev pom nrog tus thawj coj. Welles tam sim xaj xaj kev sib piv ntawm nws cov carbine, muab piv rau Henry rab phom. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tw yog thawj qhov kev txiav txim rau tsoomfwv rau 700 carbines rau US Navy.
Daim ntawv loj loj Asmeskas qhia pom piv txwv ntawm Spencer cov phom thiab cov phom ntev. Los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab: phom ntev rau Navy nrog lub yatagan bayonet, phom me me, "carbine loj", "carbine me me", phom phom.
Nws ntseeg tias thawj qhov kev tua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab nrog Spencer carbine tau raug rho tawm haujlwm thaum Lub Kaum Hli 16, 1862, thaum muaj kev sib cav nyob ze Cumberland, Maryland. Lub carbine tau siv los ntawm tus phooj ywg ntawm nws tus tsim - Sergeant Francis Lombard ntawm 1st Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment. Tsis ntev lwm cov tub rog uas tau mob siab rau pib yuav carbines ntawm lawv tus kheej cov nuj nqis. Kev xa cov carbines mus rau lub nkoj pib thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1862. Tag nrho 700 daim tau ua hauv rau lub hlis, tom qab uas Mississippi Airborne Brigade tau ua tub rog nrog cov carbines no, thiab Spencer tau pib nrhiav kev txuas ntxiv daim ntawv cog lus nrog tsoomfwv pab tub rog, txawm hais tias qhov hluav taws kub ntawm cov riam phom no tseem ua rau muaj kev poob siab loj heev ntawm tsoom fwv generals.
Carabiner thiab khw.
Thawj tus thawj coj-tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Pab Koomtes, General Winfield Scott, tau dhau los ua qhov kev txiav txim siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb nrog Spencer carbines, vim nws ntseeg tias qhov no tsuas yog ua rau pov tseg tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. ntawm mos txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, Spencer tswj hwm nws txoj hauv kev mus rau lub sijhawm teem nrog Abraham Lincoln nws tus kheej, thiab nws tus kheej tau sim nws cov carbine, txaus siab heev nrog nws thiab tam sim xaj kom pib nws cov khoom rau pab tub rog. Nrog rau qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Loj, nws txoj kev tawm tsam yeej pib ntawm txhua qhov ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
Txais. Txoj cai saib.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, Spencer carbines nkag mus rau cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm Cov Tub Rog ntawm Potomac - Tebchaws Asmeskas Riflemen, uas tau ua los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Colonel Hiram Berdan.
Txais. Saib los ntawm sab saud.
Los ntawm nruab nrab xyoo 1863, tsis yog tsuas yog cov neeg tseem ceeb, tab sis kuj tseem yog cov tub rog me me ntawm cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb tau pib tuav nws nrog cov ntawv xov xwm phom. Muaj cov neeg paub txog lawv siv nyob rau hauv Battle of Gettysburg, hauv "Battle of Hoover", qhov chaw "Lightning Brigade of Colonel John T. Wilder" ua los ntawm lawv ua haujlwm tau zoo, nrog rau lwm qhov chaw. Lawv ua tau zoo hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Hannover, hauv Chattanooga Campaign, thaum Tsov Rog Atlanta thiab hauv Battle of Franklin, qhov twg cov neeg sab qaum teb tau ua rau cov neeg raug mob hnyav nyob rau sab qab teb nrog lawv pab. Zoo, kawg "tub rog" Spencer carbine nkag rau kev pabcuam thaum lub Plaub Hlis 12, 1865.
Saib ntawm qhov rov qhib qib. Lub tshuab sab hauv tau tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm kev sib kis.
Ntawm Kev Sib Tsoo ntawm Nashville, 9,000 tus tub rog rub phom nrog Spencer carbines, raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm General James James Wilson, tawm ntawm General Hood sab laug thiab tawm tsam tom qab, ua rau nws pab tub rog tua phom. Qhov xwm txheej, tus neeg tua neeg ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Lincoln, John Wilkes Booth, kuj tseem muaj Spencer carbine nrog nws thaum lub sijhawm nws raug ntes thiab tua.
Aim.
Xyoo 1860s lig, Spencer lub tuam txhab tau muag rau Fogerty Rife Company thiab thaum kawg rau Winchester. Tom qab ntawd, Oliver Winchester nres tsim Spencer carbines, thiab muag cov khoom seem rau cov ntoo kom thiaj li tshem tau cov neeg sib tw sawv xwb. Ntau Spencer carbines tom qab tau muag rau Fabkis, qhov uas lawv tau siv thaum Tsov Rog Franco-Prussian xyoo 1870. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias Spencer lub tuam txhab tau tawm ntawm kev lag luam xyoo 1869, cov cartridges rau nws cov carbines tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Meskas txawm tias nyob rau xyoo 1920.
Tshuag thiab ntawv xov xwm nrog tus yam ntxwv protrusion rau tshem nws los ntawm lub qhov (socket).
Peb tuaj yeem hais tias Spencer ntawm xyoo 1860 tau dhau los ua thawj tus neeg Asmeskas cov ntawv xov xwm phom loj, thiab tsim tawm hauv Asmeskas ntau dua 200,000 daim ntawv ib zaug los ntawm peb tus kws tsim khoom txij xyoo 1860 txog 1869. Nws tau siv dav thiab ua tiav los ntawm Union pab tub rog, tshwj xeeb yog cov tub rog caij nkoj, txawm hais tias nws tsis tau hloov pauv qhov kev kuaj ib zaug nkaus xwb uas tau siv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov Confederates qee zaum tau ntes lawv ua khoom plig, tab sis vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov cartridges rau nws vim tsis muaj tooj liab, lawv lub peev xwm los siv nws tau txwv tsis pub siv.
Taub qab phaj thiab magazine protrusion
