Hauv nees nkaum xyoo dhau los - nees nkaum tsib xyoos, cov lus dab neeg hais tias kev lag luam hauv tebchaws ntawm Stalinist USSR tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsis tiv qhov kev sim ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, uas Soviet Union tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm kev pab ntawm cov phoojywg sab hnub poob, tau dhau los ua nrov heev Yog li, nco txog peb txiv thiab yawg, niam thiab pog, ua tsaug uas nws ua haujlwm hauv USSR tau dhau los ua neeg muaj hwj chim loj thiab yeej kev ua tsov rog phem tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, tau hais lus phem.
Thaum kawm keeb kwm ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv Soviet Union, qhov tseeb tau tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tias Soviet kev coj noj coj ua tau pib ua ntej tso cov peev txheej tsim khoom, tshwj xeeb yog cov uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm, hauv thaj tsam ntawm USSR nkag tsis tau. rau huab cua rog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov tuam txhab no tau tsim hauv Urals thiab Siberia. Ib qho ntxiv, tsoomfwv Soviet tau sim ua kom rov tsim cov tsev tsim khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam hauv tebchaws: yog tias muaj ib lub tuam txhab muaj nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub tebchaws, lwm qhov tau tsim nyob rau sab Hnub Tuaj. Cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws tau nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw rau tsoomfwv Soviet. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm USSR, nyob rau xyoo ua ntej tsov rog, kev lag luam theej tawm tau tsim tiag tiag.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias kev ua haujlwm titanic uas cov neeg Soviet tau ua hauv ob peb xyoos xwb, vim qhov tsis sib xws hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv lub tebchaws uas tau tshwm sim thaum lub tebchaws Lavxias, los ntawm lub sijhawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau tawm tsam USSR, ntau dua li ob feem peb ntawm Union txoj kev tiv thaiv txoj haujlwm tau nyob hauv European feem. Lawm, qhov tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev muab cov tub rog siv riam phom, mos txwv, ntau yam khoom siv thiab mos txwv nyob rau thawj lub sijhawm ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Yog li ntawd, Soviet kev coj noj coj ua hauv cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm kev swb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ciam teb, kov yeej cov tub rog German sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv lub tebchaws, nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm German Air Force yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kev lag luam loj kom hloov chaw lag luam mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws.. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no tsis muaj qhov sib piv hauv qib lossis hauv qib ntawm lub koom haum thiab kev ua tiav. 2,593 cov tuam txhab lag luam raug xa mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj ntawm Soviet Union, nrog rau txhua yam khoom siv (ntawm 1,360 tau loj). 12 lab tus tib neeg tseem raug tshem tawm mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, suav nrog 10 lab los ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau, 2.5 lab lub taub hau nyuj. Lwm qhov kev ua tiav tau ua tiav tom qab hloov chaw ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab khoom siv, lawv yuav luag tam sim pib tsim cov khoom. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib qho ntawm sagas zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, qhov uas cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm uas muaj siab tawv thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm USSR, suav nrog Joseph Stalin, zoo ib yam tsim nyog nco mus ib txhis.
Hauv lub xyoo ntawm qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws qhov kev sim tau - Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, kev lag luam hauv tebchaws ntawm USSR tau ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li kev lag luam ntawm Peb Reich. Hitlerite Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, muaj kev pov tseg yuav luag txhua lub zog kev lag luam ntawm Sab Hnub Poob thiab Nruab Nrab Europe, tsim 2, 1 zaug ntau dua hluav taws xob, 3, 7 npaug ntau dua hlau thiab hlau, 4, 3 zaug ntau dua cov thee ntau dua li USSR. Peb Reich txhua xyoo tsim tawm qhov nruab nrab: 21, 6 txhiab lub dav hlau, 11, 7 txhiab lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam, phom tua tus kheej thiab tua phom, 87, 4 txhiab phom, 21, 9 txhiab phom, 2, 2 lab carbines thiab phom ntev, 296, 4 txhiab rab phom tshuab. Lub tebchaws Soviet tsis zoo rau lub tebchaws Yelemes, uas tau nkag mus rau yuav luag txhua qhov peev txheej ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab nws txoj kev lag luam, hauv kev tsim cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom lag luam yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, kev lag luam Soviet tsim tawm nyob rau nruab nrab txhua xyoo thaum ua tsov rog: 28, 2 txhiab lub dav hlau sib ntaus, 25, 8 txhiab lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej, 126, 6 txhiab phom, 102, 1 txhiab phom, 3, 3 lab phom thiab phom ntev, 417, 9 txhiab rab phom tshuab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, rau 1 tuj ntawm cov hlau yaj, cov lag luam ntawm Tub Rog-Industrial Complex ntawm Soviet Union tau tsim 5 zaug ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom, thiab rau 1,000 lub tshuab txiav hlau-8 zaug ntau lub dav hlau tua rog tshaj li hauv kev lag luam ntawm German faj tim teb chaws. USSR siv txhua tuj ntawm cov hlau thiab roj, txhua daim ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom siv tau zoo dua li Peb Reich.
Qhov tseeb no yog ib feem vim qhov tseeb tias German kev coj noj coj ua rau lub sijhawm txiav txim siab ncaj ncees tau ntseeg hauv txoj kev npaj "ua tsov rog xob laim" thiab tsis tau ua tam sim tam sim ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke hauv lub tebchaws kev lag luam.
Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj laj thawj hais tias Soviet kev lag luam thaum lub xyoo ntawm Stalin txoj cai tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsis sawv qhov kev sim ua tsov rog. Txwv tsis pub, Wehrmacht yuav tau tawm tsam kev yeej hla Red Square thiab keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg yuav tau hloov pauv ntau yam. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau tuaj yeem yeej qhov yeej yeej tiv thaiv Hitlerite Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab nws cov phoojywg (qhia meej thiab zais) qhov tseeb vim tias yeej yeej los ntawm Soviet kev coj noj coj ua thiab cov tib neeg nyob rau xyoo 1930, thaum tsim kev lag luam muaj zog, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj txhua qhov tub rog-industrial complex.
Qhov kev nyiam sib cav uas tawm tswv yim txog kev tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm USSR kev lag luam thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg ua yog kev qiv qiv. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Tebchaws Meskas tau siv lub xeev txoj haujlwm, raws li cov phoojywg tau xa cov cuab yeej, mos txwv, zaub mov thiab cov khoom siv raw khoom, suav nrog cov khoom siv roj. Qee tus kws sau ntawv pom zoo rau lub ntsiab lus tias kev yeej ntawm USSR hla lub tebchaws Yelemes ncaj qha yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog-nyiaj txiag raws li qiv-xaum. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lej tawm tsam qhov kev xav no. Tshwj xeeb, piv nrog qhov ntim ntawm Soviet kev tsim khoom thaum lub xyoo ua tsov rog, cov khoom siv hauv Kev qiv-Lease tau suav nrog: 9.8% rau dav hlau, 6.2% rau tso tsheb hlau luam thiab siv rab phom rau tus kheej, 1.4% rau phom, rau phom submachine-1, 7 %, rau rab phom - 0.8%, rau cov phom - 0.6%, rau cov mines - 0.1%. Hauv tag nrho tus nqi qiv-$ 46-47 nphom, USSR suav txog $ 10.8 nphom (raws li lwm qhov chaw-$ 11, 3). Tebchaws Askiv, uas tsis tau tawm tsam kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav li Soviet Union, tau txais cov khoom muaj nqis 31.4 txhiab daus las. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tseeb tias feem ntau ntawm kev tsim khoom tau los lawm thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias blitzkrieg tau ua tsis tiav thiab kev ua tsov rog yuav raug ncua ntev. Txog thaum kawg xyoo 1941, thaum lub sijhawm nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, USSR tau txais tsuas yog 0.1% ntawm tag nrho cov kev pabcuam hauv Asmeskas, uas tau sau tseg hauv cov ntawv kos npe. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau tshem tawm cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg txog kev tsis sib haum ntawm German kev sib cais thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm "kev ua tsov rog xob laim" tawm tsam USSR tsuas yog siv nyiaj txiag ntawm Soviet kev lag luam.
Tus thawj coj ntawm USSR State Planning Committee Nikolai Voznesensky, hauv nws phau ntawv "Kev Ua Tub Rog Kev Lag Luam ntawm USSR thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Tsov Rog," luam tawm xyoo 1948, kwv yees qhov loj ntawm kev muab khoom lag luam los ntawm Cov Phooj Ywg rau Lub Koom Haum kwv yees li 4%. ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tebchaws thaum kev ua tsov rog. Txhua qhov no ua pov thawj txaus ntseeg tias USSR tau muab txhua yam tsim nyog rau ua qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab ua tsov rog ntev ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm siab tawv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm Soviet kev lag luam hauv tebchaws.
Tib lub sijhawm, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev pabcuam no tsis tuaj yeem raug tsis lees paub. Hauv qee qhov chaw, kev pabcuam Asmeskas tau pom zoo heev. Tshwj xeeb, Cov Phooj Ywg muab cov tsheb tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, Qiv -Lease Studebakers tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus loj rau Katyusha cov foob pob hluav taws), nrog rau cov khoom siv - American nto moo stew, qe hmoov, hmoov, sib xyaw pub mis, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm lwm cov khoom lag luam uas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab rau cov tub rog thiab nraub qaum. Pom tseeb, cov khoom siv no tau ua lub luag haujlwm zoo. Tab sis hais tias kev pabcuam Asmeskas tau ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab thiab tsis muaj dab tsi hais. Kev yeej hauv Great Patriotic War tau ua tiav los ntawm kev ua siab loj tsis tau pom dua thiab kev mob siab rau ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev.
