Raws li peb tuaj yeem pom, huab cua tiv thaiv ntawm A2 / AD tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv submarine, raws li Y-8Q kev soj ntsuam dav hlau, yog qhov muaj kev ntseeg ntau dua "thaiv" uas txwv tsis pub ua haujlwm ntawm Asmeskas cov submarines hauv "9-kab kab. "(" Nyuj tus nplaig kab ") … Cov kab no yog txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm tseem ceeb uas yog Beijing tau tsim los txhawm rau tsim tshwj xeeb thaj tsam kev lag luam ntawm Middle Kingdom hauv South China Sea; nws khiav nyob ze rau thaj av ntawm Nyab Laj, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Philippines thiab Taiwan, npog ntau dua 80% ntawm thaj chaw dej ntawm Biendong. Kev thuam los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke no los ntawm cov xeev ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj, xyoo 2013, tswj kom mus txog qhov ua ntawv foob foob Tuam Tshoj hauv International Court Arbitration Court los ntawm kev coj ntawm Philippines. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm Asmeskas lub dav hlau "ntawm caj npab ntev" los ntawm cov phiaj xwm tseem ceeb tiv thaiv - cov kob ntawm Hainan, ntxiv rau Hong Kong, PRC tus thawj coj yuav txuas ntxiv tiv thaiv nws txoj kab ntsig txog ciam teb ntawm "9-dotted kab", suav nrog kev siv lub tswv yim txwv thiab tsis kam nkag mus thiab tswj "A2 / AD".
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim "A2 / AD" -pib tseem tsis tau tiav. Ntxiv nrog rau Ticonderoga lub nkoj tua hluav taws thiab Arleigh Burke cov neeg tua hluav taws, qhov hloov tshiab UGM-109E Tomahawk tseem yog nqa los ntawm Ohio-class cov phiaj xwm foob pob hluav taws (SSGN-726 Ohio, SSGN-727 Michigan, SSGN-728 "Florida", SSGN -729 "Georgia"). Txhua 4 qhov dej hauv qab "ntab arsenals" muaj peev xwm tua tau 616 KR UGM-109E "Tomahawk Thaiv IV" raws ntug dej hiav txwv sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj yam tsis tau tsoo "9-dotted line", vim tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm "Ax" mus txog 1700 - 2400 km ib. Nws yuav nyuaj heev kom tshem tawm cov foob pob loj heev uas siv tsuas yog HQ-9, HQ-16, S-300/400 kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab lub tshuab ua tsov rog hluav taws xob, nws yuav tsum siv lub dav hlau tua rog thiab AWACS lub dav hlau. Thiab txawm tias qhov kev ntsuas tsis tau pom dua tuaj yeem lav tsis tau 100% kev nyab xeeb ntawm Suav cov tub rog-kev lag luam thiab chaw nres nkoj. Yog li ntawd, PLA cov lus txib tsom tsis ntau rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm Tomahawk cov phiaj xwm kev caij nkoj, tab sis ntawm kev npaj ua ntej xiam oob qhab ntawm lawv cov neeg nqa khoom hauv nkoj.
Ohio-class nuclear submarines tsis suav nrog hauv cov npe submarines ntsiag to xws li Ash, Hma Hiav Txwv, Virginia lossis Astute, thiab yog li ntawd tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim siv Y-8Q tiv thaiv lub dav hlau submarine thiab Z-18 helicopters siv RSL SQ -5 nrog cov tsis muaj neeg nyob hauv qab cov drones UUV "Haiyan". Cov Destroyers Type 052C "Lanzhou" thiab Hom 52D "Kunming" kuj tseem tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas lawv, cov hydroacoustic txhais tau tias yog sawv cev los ntawm niaj hnub tam sim no hauv-hull active-passive SJD-8/9 SJC, tsim los ntawm Fab Kis DUBV-23 complex. Xav txog tias tus qauv Fab Kis SAC muaj qhov ntsuas pom ntawm 40 km rau lub suab sib piv thiab suab-tso tawm cov khoom hauv dej, nws hloov kho Suav tshiab SJD-8/9 tuaj yeem "hnov thiab pom" cov yeeb ncuab hauv qab dej thiab cov khoom nto ntawm qhov deb ntawm 60 txog 100 km (nyob rau thaj tsam deb thib ob ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo).
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg rhuav tshem saum toj no siv GAS tsawg zaus nrog kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim txuas tus kav hlau txais xov (GPBA) ESS-1 (sib piv ntawm DUBV-43 lossis "Vignette-EM"). Cov chaw ntawm hom no yog qhov sib txawv los ntawm kev coj tus kheej zoo nyob hauv 1 - 1, 5º, nrog rau kev tshawb pom ntau yam ntawm ntau lub suab -emitting hauv qab lub hom phiaj. Tshwj xeeb, lub nkoj submarine tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm qhov deb ntawm 30 - 60 km (hauv qhov thib ob nyob ze thaj chaw acoustic) hauv hiav txwv sib sib zog nqus thiab kwv yees li 15 - 20 km - hauv dej ntiav.
Nws txhua yam zoo li hnyav heev, tab sis tsis yog lub dav hlau Y-8Q tiv thaiv submarine, lossis lub nkoj ua rog saum npoo ntawm Suav Navy yuav tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ywj pheej hauv thaj chaw ntawm Indo-Asia-Pacific theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm, uas nyob deb dhau "9-dotted line" ntawm South China Sea: dhau los vim yog 5-npaug zoo dua nyob rau hauv tus lej ntawm AUG thiab tag nrho cov nkoj sib xyaw, Asmeskas Navy yuav tsis muab Suav Y-8Q lub sijhawm los saib xyuas cov dej ntawm Bay of Bengal, Philippines Hiav Txwv thiab Sulawesi Hiav Txwv rau qhov muaj kev poob siab sib txawv ntawm Ohio-chav kawm submarines, los ntawm cov kab no, thaum muaj xwm txheej ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab kev tawm tsam yuav ua los ntawm plaub txog rau rau puas TFR UGM- 109E ib. Yog li ntawd, tib txoj kev tawm ntawm Suav lub nkoj yog kev siv ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines nrog hais tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub nkoj thiab tiv thaiv lub peev xwm tiv thaiv submarine, uas yuav tua Ohio sab nraum "thawj saw" ntawm cov xeev nyob ib puag ncig Celestial faj tim teb chaws.
Cov yam ntxwv xav tau yog muaj los ntawm Txoj Haujlwm 093 Shan ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarine cruisers (tseem hu ua 09-III), tsim los ntawm Lavxias Project 671RTM (K) Shchuka torpedo-nres nuclear submarines. Kev kos duab ua haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm no tau pib thaum ntxov 90s, thaum cov kws tshaj lij Suav tau txais kev txhawb nqa loj los ntawm Lavxias tsim chaw lis haujlwm "Rubin". Niaj hnub no, cov nkoj submarines tshiab tau hloov pauv qhov qub thiab nrov nrov MAPLs ntawm txoj haujlwm 091 "Han". Cov ncauj lus tseem ceeb heev yog Rubin qhov kev txhawb nqa tau muab rau hauv cov hauv paus tseem ceeb thiab qhov tseem ceeb xws li kev tsim lub hull, kev txhim kho ntawm CIUS, kev nce qib ntawm kev kaw suab, nrog rau kev tsim cov suab nrov tiv thaiv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, pib xyoo 2006, qib txuj ci ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab ntawm Suav Navy tau pib muaj kev ntseeg siab mus rau cov txheej txheem hauv ntiaj teb.
Tshwj xeeb, qib kev zais ntsiag to ntawm Shan yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm Los Angeles-chav kawm thiab Virginia-chav kawm submarines, tsis mus txog qib Ash, Virginia, Astute thiab Sea Wolfe. Tab sis qhov no kuj yog qhov ua tiav loj rau Suav. Qhov tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws suab nrov stealth "Shan" tau pom rau ntau qhov laj thawj, ib qho uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tau tias muaj cov txheej txheem qhib lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thaum feem ntau SSGNs thiab SSBNs niaj hnub no tau nruab nrog cov tshuab dav hlau dej; Kuj tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv xau uas cov kws tsim txuj ci hauv Suav tau tawm tsam ntev nrog cov teeb meem ntawm kev tshem tawm kev co los ntawm kev poob siab rau lub platform uas lub tshuab ua kom lub tshuab ua pa tau muab tso nrog rau cov twj tso kua mis, chav turbo iav thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Txawm li cas los xij, submarines ntawm Shan pr. Ua pov thawj kom ua tiav zoo, thiab txawm li cas los xij lawv muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau kab tiv thaiv submarine ntawm Asmeskas AUG ntawm "khiav ntsiag to", ntxiv rau mus rau lub submarines "Ohio" ntawm lub nkoj nres nrug Lub npe ntawm kev tawm tsam riam phom ntawm 093 "Shan" submarines yog qhov hnyav heev, thiab tau pib los ntawm 6 tus qauv 533-mm torpedo tubes. Lub hauv paus rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov yeeb ncuab submarines yog Yu-6 /9 tiv thaiv submarine torpedoes (tsim los ntawm Soviet 211TT1; muaj qhov nrawm tshaj ntawm 115 km / h thiab thaj tsam 50 km), TEST hluav taws xob- 71M torpedoes nrog thaj tsam 20 km ntawm 24 pob. Txhawm rau kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab saum nkoj tuaj yeem siv tau: subsonic ntev-ntau tiv thaiv lub nkoj cuaj luaj YJ-82A (180 km), cog lus ntev-ntau lub suab supersonic anti-ship missiles YJ-85 (nrog thaj tsam li ntawm 400-500 km thiab nrawm) ntawm 1, 5-1, 7M hauv ntu davhlau zaum kawg), ntxiv rau qhov hnyav dua tiv thaiv nkoj lub foob pob YJ-18. Cov cuaj luaj no muaj ntau lub hom phiaj thiab muaj peev xwm tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab saum nkoj thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 - 500 km. Hais txog kev tsim qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob-theem fais fab nroj tsuag, YJ-18 xyaum ua haujlwm rov qab tiv thaiv lub nkoj Lavxias tiv thaiv lub nkoj ntawm 3M54E "Calibre" yam: lub cav compact turbojet ua haujlwm ntawm kev caij nkoj ntawm lub davhlau, ua kom nrawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv lub nkoj mus rau 900 km / h. cov roj theem ruaj khov, muab kev nrawm ntawm 2850 - 3200 km / h. Nyob rau theem no, lub foob pob hluav taws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tiv thaiv lub dav hlau maneuvers.
Missiles YJ-85 thiab YJ-18 tso cai rau ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines "Shan" los ntawm txoj haujlwm nqes los tua US Navy lub nkoj hauv Hiav Txwv Philippines, tsis tas yuav hla "9-dotted line" thiab "thawj cov saw hlau", uas tsis suav nrog kev poob nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv submarine foob pob hluav taws -torpedo complexes "VL-Asroc", thiab tseem tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob nrhiav pom los ntawm kev tiv thaiv submarine dav hlau ntawm Asmeskas Navy.
Cov avionics thiab cov cuab yeej siv sonar ntawm Txoj Haujlwm 093 Shan ntau lub hom phiaj submarines yog nyob rau qib siab heev thiab yog qhov sib piv tau zoo nrog Lavxias thiab Sab Hnub Poob. Tshwj xeeb, ua tsaug rau cov cuab yeej siv ntawm lub nkoj submarine nrog lub zog-passive hydroacoustic complex nrog lub qhov muag faib H / SQS-207 (sawv cev los ntawm 6 lub suab kav hlau txais xov arrays ntawm ob sab ntawm lub hull thiab lub hauv paus tseem ceeb SAC), txhua qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov xwm txheej hauv qab dej hauv cheeb tsam deb thib ob ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo tau pom. Hauv kev hloov kho tshiab, lub nkoj submarine tuaj yeem tau txais kev ruaj ntseg gondola UPV rau tso qis-zaus hloov pauv tau yooj yim txuas tus kav hlau txais xov los ntawm kev sib piv nrog GPBA "Skat-2M" ntawm submarines ntawm qhov project 671RTMK. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, PRC cov tub rog caij nkoj muaj lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus hauv nkoj uas tuaj yeem tiv taus US Navy's AUG. Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tsuas yog me me ntawm Shan chav dej submarines: raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, tsuas muaj 4 ntawm lawv hauv lub nkoj ua rog.
Lub caij no, cov ntaub ntawv twb tau tshwm sim hais txog kev nthuav tawm ntawm tus qauv ntawm Shan submarine niaj hnub no hauv qab 093B txoj haujlwm. Lub nkoj submarine tshiab muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb los ntawm thawj qhov haujlwm ntawm 093 txoj haujlwm: siv lub tshuab dav hlau dej, thiab rau lub foob pob hluav taws "cov cuab yeej siv" nyob rau sab saud ntawm lub hull muaj kev txaus siab "foob pob foob pob" nrog 16 thauj thiab tso cov ntim-UVPU, tso cai siv cov riam phom loj dua, piv txwv li, cov phiaj xwm kev caij nkoj CJ-10 nrog ntau txog 3000 km. Ntau cov duab ntawm sub tau tshwm sim hauv Suav Internet hauv ib zaug.
Qhov kev zov me nyuam rau kev txhim kho kev cia siab ultra-low-noise ntau lub hom phiaj submarine Hom 95 tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Ntawm no peb pom thawj qhov tsim ntawm chav dej dav hlau nrog lub tshuab nqus dej hauv lub plhaub (ntau lub tshuab kiv cua), tsis yog siv cov txheej txheem dej ib xyoos ib zaug, muaj 2 qhov dej nkag rau hauv lub nraub qaum. Qhov no yuav txo nws cov suab nrov tag nrho kaum npaug. Nyob rau sab saud ntawm lub hull, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov paub kuv li "rooj noj mov foob pob hluav taws" nrog UVPU ntawm 16 cov lus qhia nrog txoj kab uas hla li ntawm 1, 5 - 1, 8, uas tuaj yeem haum txog 3 tiv thaiv lub nkoj / ntau lub hom phiaj nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 533 - 670 mm. Tag nrho cov khoom siv ntawm tsuas yog ib qho "rooj noj mov foob pob hluav taws" tuaj yeem yog 48 chav, thiab tseem muaj 8 533-mm torpedo tubes. Lub suab nrov ntawm "Bohai brainchild" tsis ci, mus txog 500 m, tab sis xav txog qhov nrawm ntawm 33 pob, txhua yam zoo dua.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv hom saum npoo av, lub nkoj submarine yuav nyuaj heev los ntawm radar txhais tau tias los ntawm qhov deb ntawm ntau dua 100 - 150 km, txij li cov khoom sib xyaw / xov tooj cua -nqus cov ntaub ntawv tau siv dav hauv cov qauv ntawm lub nkoj thiab lub tsev nyob., thiab lub lawj tsev nws tus kheej muaj ob sab sab thiab yog 2 npaug me dua hauv kev sib piv nrog lub tsev qub qub (lub npe hu ua "stealth alarm").
Kev tawm ntawm thawj Hom 095 submarine los ntawm Bohai cov khoom lag luam hauv nkoj yuav yog lub sijhawm tam sim hauv kev tsim cov cim tshiab ntawm Suav submarine fleet, uas yuav nthuav dav nthuav dav A2 / AD cheeb tsam tam sim no los ntawm South China Sea ib leeg mus rau thaj chaw deb. hauv Indian thiab Pacific Oceans. Cov dej hauv qab ntawm qhov txwv tam sim no thiab tsis lees txais kev nkag mus thiab kev tswj hwm thaj tsam ntawm PRC yuav ua tiav zoo los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau submarine los ntawm Hainan Island, plaub MAPLs ntawm 093 / V Shan project, ntxiv rau ntau dua 15 ultra-low -noise diesel-electric anaerobic submarines (nrog lub tshuab cua tsis muaj zog) Hom 041 "Yuan". Qhov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog qhov tob txog 300 m rau 20 - 25 hnub (tsis tas yuav tsum tau nthwv dej), uas hloov tag nrho Asmeskas cov phiaj xwm los "tsim txom" Tuam Tshoj hauv Asia sab hnub tuaj mus rau hauv kev ua si poob.
