Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Sweden tau nyob ib puag ncig ntawm txhua sab los ntawm kev nyob hauv thiab koom nrog hauv cov tebchaws ua tsov rog, nws tsis txaus ntseeg tseem nyob nruab nrab. Qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg Swedish no, tshaj tawm los ntawm Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Sweden Ib-Albin Hansson thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 1939, yeej tsis tau txais lus piav qhia meej. Nws tau pom ntau qhov tseeb uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm nws tus kheej. Sweden tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm xeev rau kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws, Eric Bohemann, suav tias yog kev tsis ncaj ncees rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Swedish kev txiav txim siab los tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thiab kev ua tiav ntawm Swedish kev ua haujlwm.
Txawm li cas los xij, lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no suab yooj yim, tab sis tsis ncaj ncees: thaum tsis muaj qhov xav tau. Yog li Hitler txiav txim siab. Muaj laj thawj zoo rau qhov kev txiav txim siab no.
Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov thee thiab roj
Thaum npaj ua tsov rog hauv Tebchaws Europe, cov neeg German tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas txoj haujlwm ntawm txhua lub tebchaws uas yog lossis tuaj yeem nyob hauv lawv cov phiaj xwm kev ua tub rog. Ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais tau sau, cov lus xaus tau hais txog qhov muaj zog npaum li cas lossis lub tebchaws ntawd, txawm tias nws tuaj yeem tawm tsam thiab seb puas muaj qee yam kom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm. Tau kawg, Sweden kuj tau dhau los ua lub hom phiaj ntawm kev saib xyuas zoo - yog tias tsuas yog vim tias Swedish cov hlau hlau tau tsim los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau German kev lag luam hlau thiab hlau. Yog lawm, lawv tsis tuaj yeem hla dhau qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb no, uas tau saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws, mus rau qhov uas Hermann Goering, tus kheej tau tso cai rau plaub xyoos txoj kev npaj, tau koom nrog hauv kev rho tawm cov ntxhia thiab zom cov npua hlau thiab hlau
RGVA cov peev nyiaj (f. 1458, op. 44, d. 13) khaws cia tsab ntawv ceeb toom Tuag wehrwirtschaftliche Lage Schwedens, suav sau xyoo 1938 los ntawm Reichsamt für wehrwirtschaftliche Planung, uas tshuaj xyuas cov tub rog thiab kev lag luam muaj peev xwm Sweden rau kev ua tsov rog yav tom ntej.
Nws yog qhov txaus kom nco ntsoov tias hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm no, Soviet kev tawm tsam rau Sweden nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntes lossis foob pob lub ntsiab ntawm cov hlau hlau hauv Suav hauv Kirunavara nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub tebchaws tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tsov rog.
Vim li cas lawv thiaj xav li ntawd, tsab ntawv ceeb toom tsis tau hais. Tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov laj thawj rau qhov pom ntawm no, tab sis cov neeg German tau txaus siab tias Sweden yuav tiv thaiv kev ua tsov rog los yog tsis tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg "Geheim! Ua tsaug! " Ntawd yog, rooj plaub yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm huab tais.
Cov neeg German tau kawm dab tsi los ntawm lawv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas?
Ua ntej, Sweden, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tuaj yeem pub mis rau nws tus kheej. 596 txhiab tons ntawm cov nplej, 353 txhiab tons ntawm rye, 200 txhiab tons ntawm barley, 1826 txhiab tons ntawm cov qos yaj ywm thiab 4553 txhiab tons ntawm qab zib thiab zaub beets, ntxiv rau 1238 txhiab tons ntawm oats (oats feem ntau siv los ua fodder rau nees thiab tsiaj txhu, tab sis hauv Sweden nws tau siv zaub mov) feem ntau suav nrog lub teb chaws cov kev xav tau rau cov khoom lag luam ua liaj ua teb yam tsis muaj kev xa khoom tseem ceeb.
Tab sis kev lag luam tau phem heev hauv Sweden.
Qhov thib ob, xyoo 1936, Sweden tau khawb 11 lab tons ntawm cov hlau hlau nrog cov ntsiab lus hlau ntawm 7 lab tons, uas tsuas yog 8% tau yaj hauv tsev. Xyoo 1936 nws tsim 687 txhiab tons ntawm npua hlau, ntawm qhov uas nws siv 662 txhiab tons. Hlau smelting - 240 txhiab tons, ntshuam - 204 txhiab tons, noj - 392 txhiab tons. Kev tsim cov ntawv hlau - 116 txhiab tons, ntshuam - 137 txhiab tons, siv - 249 txhiab tons. Tag nrho cov hlau Sweden tau them nws cov kev xav tau nrog nws cov khoom tsim los ntawm 61, 2% (p. 78). Txawm hais tias Sweden tsim cov khoom tsim khoom tsim nyog 279 lab kroons, txawv teb chaws 77 lab, xa tawm 92 lab thiab siv 264 lab.kroons, nws txoj kev lag luam engineering tau muab nrog cov khoom siv raw rau 40% ntawm kev xa cov hlau thiab 60% rau kev xa khoom ntawm cov hlau ntxig.
Qhov thib peb, xyoo 1936, Sweden muaj 173, 2 txhiab lub tsheb thiab 44, 3 txhiab lub tsheb maus taus, 2272 lub nkoj nrog tag nrho cov tonnage ntawm 1595 txhiab brt (ntawm uas 45% tau siv roj), kev siv cov khoom siv roj av mus txog 975 txhiab tons. Tag nrho cov no tau them los ntawm kev xa khoom: 70 txhiab tons ntawm cov roj nyoos, 939 txhiab tons ntawm cov khoom lag luam roj. Tsuas yog 2 txhiab tons ntawm benzene los ntawm peb tus kheej cov khoom siv roj. Lub teb chaws muaj Nynäshamn tsuas yog lub chaw tso roj hauv cheeb tsam Stockholm, uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 60 txhiab tons hauv ib xyoos thiab npog 7% ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv roj av.
Plaub, ntawm no koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Swedish tus kws tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv Swedish (Olsson S.-O. German Coal thiab Swedish Fuel 1939-1945. Göteborg, 1975): xyoo 1937, Sweden tsim 461 txhiab tons ntawm cov thee (zoo ib yam rau xim av xim av) thiab tau txais 8.4 lab tons ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo. Xyoo 1939, kev tsim khoom muaj txog 444 txhiab tons, thiab kev xa khoom mus rau 8.2 lab tons.
Los yog xav paub ntau ntxiv - los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov roj hauv qhov sib npaug.
Tus kheej tsim khoom hauv xyoo 1937:
Coal - 360 txhiab tons.
Ntoo - 3620 txhiab tons.
Charcoal - 340 txhiab tons.
Peat - 15 txhiab tons.
Tag nrho - 4353 txhiab tons.
Ntshuam:
Coal - 6200 txhiab tons.
Coke - 2,230 txhiab tons.
Cov khoom lag luam roj - 800 txhiab tons.
Paraffin - 160 txhiab tons.
Roj thiab cov khoom siv roj tsaus - 710 txhiab tons.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho - 10,100 txhiab tons.
Kev siv roj tag nrho txhua hom yog 14,435 txhiab tons (Olsson, p. 246).
Cov ntaub ntawv Swedish txawv me ntsis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv German, uas tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais muaj rau cov kws tshawb fawb German xyoo 1938, tab sis daim duab zoo ib yam. Sweden tau them 29.8% ntawm kev siv roj nrog nws tus kheej kev tsim khoom. Qhov no txawm hais tias lawv tau hlawv cov ntoo ntau: 26 lab cubic meters. ko taw, lossis 736, 2 txhiab cubic meters.
Cov neeg German tau ua qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis meej tag nrho los ntawm txhua qhov no: "Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov thee thiab roj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev lag luam tseem ceeb" (p. 74).
Cov tub rog German yuav tsis txuas ntxiv mus. Ib lub tebchaws uas tsis muaj roj thiab nrog kom pom meej tsis txaus tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov hlau me me heev tsis tuaj yeem sib ntaus. Kev siv zog ntau yam, xws li kev txhim kho lub tank L-60 (282 lub tsheb tau muab rau pab tub rog Hungarian, 497 lub tsheb ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho tau muab rau cov tub rog Swedish), tsis tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev lag luam hauv Swedish.
Yog li ntawd, yuav tsis muaj kev tham txog kev ua tsov rog, tshwj xeeb nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes. Lub teb chaws Yelemees tsis tas yuav tawm tsam nrog Sweden, txij li lub nkoj German tuaj yeem thaiv qhov chaw nres nkoj Swedish loj nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub tebchaws, feem ntau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Baltic. Tom qab ntawd nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tos kom kev lag luam poob.
Tab sis cov neeg German tseem tsis tau ua li ntawd. Nws yog qhov txaus siab uas twb tau ua tsov rog, thaum Lub Ib Hlis-Lub Rau Hli 1940, Sweden tau txais 130 txhiab tons coke los ntawm Great Britain, 103 txhiab tons los ntawm Netherlands, thiab 480 txhiab tons los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees (Olsson, p. 84), uas yog, ua lag luam nrog ob tog ua tsov rog tsis raug txwv. Tsuas yog txij lub Plaub Hlis 9, 1940, thaum qhov thaiv ntawm Skaggerak Strait tau tsim, cov neeg Swedes tau hloov pauv mus rau German cov thee thiab coke.
Cov Swedes tsis muaj chaw mus
Sweden, zoo li lwm lub tebchaws nruab nrab nruab nrab xws li Switzerland thiab Spain, khaws lawv cov xwm txheej feem ntau los ntawm kev pom zoo nrog Hitler. Qhov kev pom zoo no, tau kawg, yog. Nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tau poob rau qhov tseeb tias Sweden tsis tau ua tsov rog, tab sis kev ua lag luam nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab nws cov phoojywg nrog txhua yam nws muaj peev xwm ntawm ntau yam kev ntshuam thiab xa tawm, tsis yog tsuas yog thee thiab hlau hlau.
Cov laj thawj rau kev pom zoo ntawm Swedish sab ntawm Swedish suav nrog, ntawm chav kawm, hauv kev nkag siab tias lawv yuav tsis sawv mus rau lub tebchaws Yelemes kiag li, lawv yuav swb sai sai thiab nyob ua ke. Yog li ntawd, txoj cai ntawm tsoomfwv Swedish yog yuav tshem tawm Tebchaws Yelemees, txawm hais tias tseem tau ntsuas los ua kom cov tub rog nce ntxiv, cob qhia cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm, thiab tsim kev tiv thaiv kom txog thaum tau txais kev npaj tiv thaiv tsib xyoos nyob rau lub Rau Hli 1942. Ntawm German sab, Hitler muaj lub phiaj xwm zoo dua li kev tawm tsam ncaj qha ntawm Sweden. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Norway tseem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws teeb meem tub rog German. Ua ntej tsov rog, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Swedish hlau ore tau hla Norwegian Narvik - 5530 txhiab tons hauv xyoo 1936; lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj Swedish hauv Gulf of Bothnia: Luleå - 1600 txhiab tons, Gälve - 500 txhiab tons, Ukselosund - 1900 txhiab tons. Cov hlau tau mus rau German chaw nres nkoj Emden (3,074 txhiab tons), ntxiv rau Rotterdam (3858 txhiab tons), los ntawm qhov chaw uas cov hlau tau xa mus rau Rhine mus rau Ruhr cov khoom siv hlau.
Narvik yog qhov chaw nres nkoj tseem ceeb heev rau Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj tswv yim tseem ceeb. Kev tuav thiab tuav nws yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias muab cov khoom siv hlau Swedish rau lub tebchaws Yelemes, ntxiv rau tiv thaiv Askiv, siv Narvik ua lub hauv paus, tsaws hauv Norway thiab ntes ntau ntawm cov hlau hlau Swedish. Ib tsab ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm Imperial Office of Defense Planning rau Sweden tau hais tias tsis muaj Swedish thiab Norwegian hlau hlau, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees yuav tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog 40% ntawm nws cov peev txheej hlau. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Norway daws qhov teeb meem no.
Txawm li cas los xij, txij li Norway tau nyob hauv thiab lub nkoj German tswj hwm Norwegian ntug dej hiav txwv sab qaum teb thiab nkag mus rau Skaggerak Strait, tom qab ntawd Sweden tau txiav tawm tag nrho los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nrauv, rau kev qhia nws tsuas yog Hiav Txwv Baltic, uas yog, hauv qhov tseem ceeb, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab nws raug yuam kom ua raws txoj kev ncaj ncees ntawm txoj cai tub rog German kev lag luam.
Yog li ntawd, Hitler txiav txim siab tso txhua yam raws li nws yog. Txhua yam zoo ib yam, cov neeg Swedes tsis mus qhov twg, thiab lawv txoj cai ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm ib tus nqi txawm tias tau txais txiaj ntsig, txij li nws tau cawm lub tebchaws Yelemes los ntawm qhov xav tau faib cov tub rog ua haujlwm rau Sweden.
