Hauv ntu ntawm ntu no, peb yuav saib Svetlan cov phom loj hauv kev sib piv nrog lub teeb ci ntsa iab ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog lub zog.
Kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua cruisers ua rau xav tsis thoob nrog lawv qhov loj thiab lub zog: qhov no yog qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov kws sau keeb kwm tau mob siab rau ntau lub nkoj loj dua li lawv cov neeg me dua. Nws tsis nyuaj nrhiav cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis nrog cov neeg caij nkoj txhua yam yog qhov tsis meej pem ntau: cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lawv cov phom loj yog feem ntau tsis tiav lossis tsis sib xws.
Lavxias lub nkoj cruisers yuav tsum muaj riam phom nrog 15 rab phom tshiab tshaj 130 mm / 55 mod. Xyoo 1913 tsim los ntawm Obukhov cog. Nws yog cov phom no uas tsim los tiv thaiv kuv lub peev xwm ntawm Empress Maria-chav kawm dreadnoughts, thiab lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo rau lawv lub sijhawm. Tab sis … dab tsi? Qhov teeb meem yog rab phom no tau tsim nyob hauv tebchaws Russia, hloov kho tshiab hauv USSR, thiab tom qab ntawd tau tsim rab phom 130-mm tshiab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov mos txwv tshiab tau tsim thiab … txhua yam tau tsis meej pem, yog li niaj hnub no nws tsis yooj yim kom paub tseeb tias yam ntxwv zoo li cas yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws muaj thiab yam phom zoo li cas.
Yog li, piv txwv li, S. E. Vinogradov hais txog qhov ntawd
"Qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm 130-mm projectile ntawm 1911 tus qauv yog 35, 96 kg, uas 4, 9 kg poob rau nws TNT cov khoom tawg … tau teeb tsa tsuas yog lub foob pob loj 650 mm ntev (5 klb) nrog rab phom-tho "Makarov cap" thiab, qhov tseeb, yog lub foob pob hluav taws uas muaj rab phom loj heev."
Txhua yam zoo li meej. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm qhov chaw tshaj tawm tias muaj hom thib ob ntawm cov foob pob tawg loj, raug xaiv los ua "cov foob pob tawg loj. 1911 (tsis muaj lus qhia)". Nws yuav zoo li, zoo, dab tsi tsis raug nrog qhov ntawd, ib qho nrog qhov taw qhia, qhov thib ob yam tsis muaj, tab sis qhov teeb meem yog tias cov lus piav qhia ntawm qhov projectile no txawv heev. Yog li, nws tau sib cav tias qhov projectile thib ob no muaj qhov hnyav tib yam li qhov projectile nrog lub taub, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias, ntxiv, nws tau qhia tias ob lub foob pob tau hnyav 33, 86 kg lossis 36, 86 kg.
Yog lawm, peb tuaj yeem xav tias lawv tau txiav txim siab nruab ib rab phom 130-mm nrog ob hom mos txwv-ib qho, zoo li nws yog, ib rab phom ib nrab-tho (nrog lub taub hau), thiab qhov thib ob yog qhov siab heev uas tsis muaj rab phom, tom qab ntawd, nrog qhov hnyav ib yam, qhov tawg siab tuaj yeem tau txais ntau qhov tawg thiab txhua qhov no zoo li tsim nyog. Tab sis qhov kev tso dag yog qhov peev txheej qhia pom tias muaj qhov thib ob, "qhov kawg" qhov projectile qhia rau nws me me ntawm cov foob pob hauv qhov projectile - 3, 9 kg piv rau 4, 71 kg!
Tab sis cov peev txheej tsis muaj qhov sib txawv hauv qhov tseeb tias TNT tau siv los ua qhov tawg, tias cov hmoov hnyav uas hnyav 11 kg tau siv rau kev tua, thiab tus nqi no tau muab lub projectile pib ua ntej ntawm 823 m / s. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no muab qhov laj thawj los xav tias qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile tseem yog 35.96-36, 86 kg, vim tias qhov hnyav tuaj. 1928 tau nrawm ntawm 861 m / s.
Cov teeb meem tshwm sim thaum txiav txim siab qhov chaw tua. Qhov tseeb yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev tua kuj tseem nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis nce (kev taw qhia ntsug lossis HV), tab sis nws tsis paub meej tias HV cov phom Svetlan yuav muaj dab tsi.
Nws paub ntau dua lossis tsawg dua ntseeg tau tias raws li txoj haujlwm, cov tshuab tau xav tias muaj VN lub kaum sab xis ntawm 20 degrees, uas ua kom muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 16 364 m lossis yuav luag 83 kbt. Tab sis xyoo 1915, Obukhov cog tau pib tsim cov tshuab nrog lub HV lub kaum ntse ntse nce mus rau 30 degrees, uas 130-mm / 55 rab phom yuav tua hluav taws. 1911 g ntawm qhov deb ntawm 18 290 m lossis 98, 75 kbt.
Raws li daim ntawv cog lus nrog Revel cog, thawj ob lub nkoj caij nkoj - "Svetlana" thiab "Admiral Greig" tau tawm mus rau kev sim thaum Lub Xya Hli thiab Lub Kaum Hli 1915, feem. Nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tau tias yog kev tsim kho tau ua tiav nyob rau lub sijhawm teev tseg, cov neeg caij nkoj tseem yuav tau txais kev teeb tsa qub nrog VN kaum ntawm 20 degrees. - peb yuav lees txais lawv rau kev sib piv ntxiv. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb, qhov ua tiav ntawm "Svetlana" ("Profintern") muaj kev teeb tsa nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30 degrees.
Kev thauj khoom ntawm 130-mm Obukhov phom tau cais thiab pom, nrog lub hau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub kaus mom tau khaws cia (thiab, tej zaum, thauj mus rau cov phom) hauv qhov tshwj xeeb 104.5 cm ntev, uas, kom deb li deb tau nkag siab, tsis yog cov mos txwv. Ib txoj hauv kev txaus rau khaws cov kaus mom siv rau ntawm "Svetlana": tsis yog tsuas yog lub kaus mom rau kev txhaj tshuaj tso rau hauv rooj plaub cais, rooj plaub no tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlau thiab cov ntaub ntawv hermetically kaw uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov dej siab thaum lub cellar tau nyab tsis deforming. Cov xwm txheej, nyeg, tau khaws cia hauv cov khib nyiab tshwj xeeb.
Tus nqi hluav taws 130 mm / 55 phom mod. Xyoo 1913 yog 5-8 puag ncig ib feeb, tab sis kev nqa cov txheej txheem ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj tau muab 15 ncig thiab 15 nqi ib feeb.
Txawm hais tias muaj qee qhov tsis meej, nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias lub zog loj nruab nrab -rab phom loj tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog lub nkoj - Kuv yuav tsum hais, hauv kev ua haujlwm nws tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej tias yog riam phom uas ntseeg tau. Tau kawg, nws kuj muaj nws qhov tsis zoo - tib lub hau ntsaws ntsaws tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov zoo ntawm rab phom, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tau "yuav" los ntawm kev hnav ntau dua ntawm lub thoob, cov peev txheej uas tsuas yog 300 txhaj tshuaj, uas yog tshwj xeeb yog tu siab vim tsis muaj kab hauv ob sab.
Cov neeg Askiv thiab Germans tuaj yeem tawm tsam qhov no yog dab tsi?
Cov neeg caij nkoj German tau ua tub rog nrog 3 lub hauv paus tseem ceeb:
1) 105-mm / 40 SK L / 40 arr 1898, uas yog nyob ntawm cov nkoj ntawm Gazelle, Bremen, Konigsberg thiab Dresden yam.
2) 105 hli / 45 SK L / 45 mod. 1906 - tau teeb tsa ntawm lub nkoj loj, pib nrog hom Mainz thiab mus txog qhov kawg ntawm kev mob siab rau German rau kev ntsuas me me, uas yog, mus txog Graudenz suav nrog.
3) 150 mm / 45 SK L / 45 mod. 1906 - cov phom no tau nruab nrog "Wiesbaden", "Pillau", "Konigsberg", thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho tshiab - "Graudenz". Ib qho ntxiv, lawv tau nruab nrog lub teeb minelayer cruisers "Brummer" thiab "Bremse"
Qhov qub tshaj plaws 105-mm / 40 SK L / 40 raug rho tawm 16 kg riam phom-tho thiab 17.4 kg lub foob pob tawg loj nrog qhov nruab nrab tsis txaus pib ntawm 690 m / s, uas yog vim li cas qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov nce siab ntawm 30 degrees tau ua tsis tshaj 12 200 m (yuav luag 66 kbt).
105 -mm / 45 SK L / 45 tsis txawv ntawm nws "yawg koob" - ib lub thoob tau nce los ntawm 5 calibers thiab nce hauv qhov pib ceev tsuas yog 20 m / s, thaum cov mos txwv tseem zoo ib yam. Nrog tib lub kaum sab xis VN siab tshaj plaws (30 degrees), kev tua ntau yam ntawm cov txheej txheem kho tshiab tsis tshaj 12,700 m lossis 68, 5 kbt.
Hmoov tsis zoo, cov peev txheej tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tawg hauv lub plhaub ntawm German rab phom 105-mm. Tab sis cov khoom siv hauv tsev 102-mm / 60. Xyoo 1911, uas tau siv riam phom nto moo "Noviks" yog lub foob pob tawg loj ntawm qhov hnyav sib xws (17, 5 kg) uas muaj 2.4 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg. Tej zaum, nws yuav tsis yog qhov yuam kev loj los xav tias hais txog cov ntsiab lus tawg, German 105-mm lub foob pob tawg loj tau qis dua lawv li Lavxias 130-mm "cov neeg ua haujlwm" los ntawm ob zaug.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, 105-mm rab phom loj tau zoo tshaj peb cov phom 130-mm hauv qhov hluav taws-feem ntau yog vim muaj kev sib tua, vim tias nws qhov hnyav (25, 5 kg) tsawg dua li ntawm Obukhov 130-mm / 55 phom projectile ib leeg. (36, 86 kg). Raws li qhov xwm txheej zoo, rab phom German tuaj yeem pom 12-15 puag ncig ib feeb.
Yog li, ob zaug poob rau rab phom Lavxias hauv qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile thiab, tej zaum, hauv qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tawg hauv qhov projectile, German 105-mm rab phom loj tau kwv yees li ob zaug siab dua ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Hauv kev tua ntau, qhov tau txais tseem nyob nrog rab phom Lavxias, uas tau tua yuav luag ib mais thiab ib nrab ntxiv. Tag nrho cov no tau qhia tias 105-hli German cruiser tau raug cais tsis pom zoo kom thab plaub Svetlan. Tib yam "Magdeburg", muaj cov txheej txheem phom ntawm 12 105-mm rab phom thiab 6 phom nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom siv hauv nkoj, yog qhov qis dua hauv kev tua hluav taws rau Lavxias tus neeg tsav nkoj, uas muaj 15 130-mm phom nrog 8 phom nyob rau hauv lub nkoj. Qhov xwm txheej nkaus xwb uas cov neeg caij nkoj German sib koom ua ke nrog Svetlana yog kev sib ntaus hmo ntuj ntawm qhov luv luv, qhov twg qhov hluav taws kub tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Paub txog qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov phom loj ntawm nws cov tub rog caij nkoj, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tig mus rau qhov ntsuas loj dua - 150 hli / 45 SK L / 45.
Cov phom no tau tua cov foob pob tawg loj thiab cov phom ua rau phom hnyav 45.3 kg. Cov riam phom-tho ib qho muaj 0, 99 kg ntawm qhov tawg, ntau npaum li cas hauv qhov tawg loj-alas, nws tsis paub. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, cov foob pob tawg loj rau rab phom no muaj 3, 9-4, 09 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub foob pob tawg ntawm 150-mm / 40 SK L / 40 ua ntej tsis muaj ntau dua 3 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg: yog li nws muaj peev xwm xav tias German 150-mm zoo li hauv lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau tus yeeb ncuab tau kwv yees kwv yees sib npaug rau cov foob pob hauv lub tebchaws tawg loj. 1911 lossis tseem qis dua lawv. Qhov muzzle nrawm ntawm 150 hli / 45 SK L / 45 lub plhaub yog 835 m / s, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tua ntau yam yog qhov tsis sib xws. Qhov tseeb yog tias Kaiserlichmarin tau siv rab phom no dav, nws tau teeb tsa ntawm ntau lub tshuab uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab. Feem ntau yuav yog, VN lub kaum sab xis ntawm German lub teeb cruisers yog 22 degrees, uas sib haum rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 15,800 m (85, 3 kbt). Raws li, hais txog kev tua ntau, 150-mm rab phom tsuas yog me ntsis zoo dua rau Svetlana lub phom loj (83 kbt). Hauv qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 150-mm / 45 SK L / 45, raws li qhov xav tau, nws qis dua 130-mm / 55 "obukhovka"-5-7 txhaj tshuaj. / feeb
Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem hais tias raws li lawv qhov kev sib ntaus zoo, German 150-mm thiab Lavxias 130-mm rab phom loj sib piv tau zoo heev. Cov phom German muaj lub foob pob hnyav dua, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tawg, thiab hais txog qhov ntau thiab tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws, cov tshuab siv phom loj tau ua haujlwm sib npaug.
Cov tub rog caij nkoj hla tebchaws Askiv rau Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 tau sawv cev los ntawm:
1) 102 mm / 50 BL Mark VII mod. Xyoo 1904, uas tau ua tub rog nrog saib xyuas hom "Bodicea" thiab "Bristol"
2) 102 mm / 45 QF Mark V mod. 1913 - Aretusa, Caroline, Calliope
3) 152 mm / 50 BL Mark XI mod. 1905 - tus neeg caij nkoj ntawm hom "Bristol", "Falmouth" (lawv tseem hu ua hom "Weymouth") thiab "Chatham"
4) 140 mm / 45 BL Mark I mod. Xyoo 1913 - tau muab tso rau tsuas yog ob lub nkoj cruisers, "Chester" thiab tib yam "Birkenhead"
5) 152/45 BL Mark XII arr. 1913 - txhua tus neeg caij nkoj, pib nrog Aretuza.
Qhov hais me me, tsab ntawv sau "BL" thiab "QF" nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm rab phom Askiv qhia txog txoj hauv kev thauj khoom rau lawv: "BL" - cais -rooj plaub lossis lub hau, "QF", feem - tsis koom nrog.
Raws li nws yooj yim pom, rab phom Askiv tau zoo dua niaj hnub no ntau dua li cov neeg German. Txawm li cas los xij, "tshiab dua" tsis txhais hais tias "zoo dua"-lub 102-mm / 50 BL Mark VII hauv nws cov yam ntxwv tau qis dua li 105-mm / 40 SK L / 40 arr. riam phom-tho thiab 17, 4 kg lub foob pob tawg loj, Askiv tau tawg loj thiab ib nrab phom-tho 102-mm projectiles muaj qhov hnyav sib npaug ntawm 14, 06 kg. Hmoov tsis zoo, tus sau tsis muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov foob pob hauv British, tab sis nrog qhov loj me, nws pom tseeb tsis tuaj yeem loj - raws li peb yuav pom tom qab, muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias nws qis dua li ntawm 105 -mm / 40 SK L / 40. Vim tias cais kev thauj khoom, qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 102 mm / 50 BL Mark VII tsis tshaj 6-8 rds / min. thiab yuav luag ob zaug qis dua li German cov phom loj. Tsuas yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm rab phom Askiv yog nws qhov siab tshaj qhov ncauj - 873 m / s piv rau 690 m / s rau cov neeg German. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau Askiv tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau yam, tab sis alas - thaum lub tshuab German muab 30 degrees ntawm kev taw qhia ntsug, Askiv - tsuas yog 15 degrees, uas yog vim li cas 102 -mm / 50 BL Mark VII ntau yog qee qhov 10 610 m (tsuas yog ntau dua 57 kbt) yog li txawm tias ntawm no "Englishwoman" tau poob rau rab phom German los ntawm yuav luag ib mais.
Qhov txiaj ntsig nkaus xwb ntawm rab phom Askiv tuaj yeem suav tias yog me ntsis zoo dua qub thiab, raws li, tua qhov tseeb, tab sis hauv txhua qhov kev hwm nws tau ua tsis tau zoo dua qub rau cov tub rog German qub. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas cov neeg German, npaj lawv lub nkoj tawm tsam Askiv, lawv cov phom loj 105-mm zoo li txaus.
Cov phom Askiv tom ntej yog 102mm / 45 QF Mark V mod. Xyoo 1913 dhau los, yog li hais lus, "kho yuam kev" 102-mm / 50 BL Mark VII.
Phom tshiab tau siv tshuaj tua ib leeg, uas nce qhov hluav taws kub mus rau 10-15 rds / min, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tau nce mus txog 20 degrees. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, thawj qhov nrawm tau poob mus rau 728 m / s, uas muab ntau yam ntau kawg ntawm 12 660 m (68, 3 kbt), uas sib haum rau German 105-mm phom SK L / 40 thiab SK L / 45, tab sis tsis tshaj lawv. Mark V kuj tau txais lub foob pob tawg hnyav txog li 15, 2 kg, tab sis nws tsuas muaj 820 grams ntawm cov tawg! Yog li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm hais tau tas nrho cov phom 102-mm hauv tebchaws Askiv tau zoo dua los ntawm kev siv 102-mm / 60 "obukhovka" yuav luag peb zaug, thiab rab phom 130-mm / 55 tau zoo dua los ntawm rab phom Svetlana-rau zaug, tab sis ntawm no yog nws cuam tshuam nrog German rab phom 105-mm. Peb tsuas tuaj yeem hais qhia tias qhov tshiab tshaj plaws Askiv 102mm / 45 QF Mark V mod. Xyoo 1913 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws sib npaug rau German 105-mm / 45 SK L / 45
Kev sib ntaus tsis zoo ntawm Askiv rab phom 102-mm ua rau nkag siab nkag siab ntawm cov neeg Askiv kom muaj tsawg kawg yog ob peb rab phom 152-mm ntawm lawv cov neeg soj xyuas. Thiab 152 mm / 50 BL Mark XI arr. 1905 tau ua tiav cov kev cia siab no. Cov phom no siv 45, 3 kg ib nrab ib rab riam phom thiab cov foob pob tawg loj nrog cov ntsiab lus tawg ntawm 3, 4 thiab 6 kg, feem. Hais txog lawv lub zog, lawv tau tso tseg tom qab txhua qhov 102-mm thiab 105-mm zoo li, thiab German 150-mm zoo li. Yog lawm, lub zog ntawm 152-mm British plhaub nrog 6 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg tau zoo dua li ntawm Lavxias 130-mm zoo li nrog lawv 3, 9-4, 71 kg. BB.
Tsuas yog ib yam uas tuaj yeem thuam nrog lub tebchaws Askiv rab phom loj yog qhov sib tua luv luv. Ntawm lub teeb cruisers ntawm Bristol hom, HV lub kaum sab xis ntawm 152 -mm / 50 BL Mark XI kev teeb tsa tsuas yog 13 degrees, ntawm qhov seem - 15 degrees, uas tau muab tua ntau ntawm 45, 36 kg rau SRVS projectile (hmoov tsis zoo, qhov ntau tsuas yog qhia rau qhov no) ntawm 10 240 m (55.3 kbt) thiab 13 085 m (70.7 kbt), feem. Yog li, Bristols tsis muaj hmoo, vim tias lawv tau txais qhov kev siv phom ntev tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus neeg Askiv thiab German cruisers, tab sis lwm lub nkoj, piv txwv li, hom Chatham, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob hauv thaj tsam rau 105-mm German cruiser. Txawm li cas los xij, Lavxias 130-mm / 55 thiab German 150-mm / 45 phom nrog lawv 83-85 kbt qhov ntau kawg tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua 152-mm / 50 BL Mark XI.
Tus nqi hluav taws ntawm rab phom Askiv yog 5-7 rds / min thiab, feem ntau, raug rau rau-rau-rab phom loj. Tab sis tag nrho, rab phom ntawm ntau npaum li 50 calibers tau lees paub los ntawm Askiv li loj heev rau lub nkoj cruisers. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias Askiv tau sim ua kom lawv rab phom ntev txog 50 rab phom loj hauv rab phom loj-ua tsis tau zoo-cov qauv hlau ntawm cov phom tsis tau muab qhov raug lees paub, thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua tau tias 152-hli / 50 BL Mark XI muaj teeb meem zoo ib yam.
Thaum txhim kho 152/45 BL Mark XII arr. 1913 cov neeg Askiv tau rov qab los rau 45 calibers. Lub plhaub tseem nyob zoo ib yam (lawv tsis nrhiav qhov zoo), qhov pib ceev tau poob los ntawm 42 m / s thiab muaj txog 853 m / s. Tab sis VN lub kaum ntse ntse tseem zoo ib yam - tsuas yog 15 degrees, yog li qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tua txawm tias me ntsis qis dua, raws li ntau qhov chaw, los ntawm 12 344 txog 12 800 m (66, 6-69 kbt).
Tom qab ntawd, twb yog xyoo Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm no tau raug tshem tawm thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho tshiab, thaum lub tshuab phom tau muab VN lub kaum sab xis ntawm 20 thiab txawm tias 30 degrees, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem tua ntawm 14 320 thiab 17 145 m, feem (77 thiab 92, 5 kbt), tab sis qhov no tau tshwm sim tom qab, thiab peb tab tom sib piv cov phom thaum lub nkoj nkag los ua haujlwm.
Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias, muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj rau 102-mm thiab 152-mm calibers, cov neeg Askiv tsis tau xav txog yuav siv rab phom ntev 140 mm rau lawv ob lub nkoj. Tab sis qhov no nkag siab heev: qhov tseeb yog tias, txawm hais tias rab phom 6-inch zoo dua li rab phom 102-mm / 105-mm hauv yuav luag txhua yam, lawv muaj ib qho tsis zoo heev-tus nqi hluav taws tsawg. Thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm no tsis yog txhua qhov hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhia pom 5-7 puag ncig ib feeb twg piv rau 10-15. Qhov tseeb yog qhov projectile (piv txwv li cov uas muaj lub luag haujlwm thauj cov foob pob, cov nqi, feem, muab cov mos txwv), feem ntau muaj ob rab phom tub rog. Thiab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau 152-mm rab phom kom tua 6 phom ib feeb, nws yog qhov tsim nyog uas lub foob pob nqa lub foob pob (thiab nws tsis dag ncaj qha ntawm rab phom) thiab ntsaws phom nrog nws txhua 20 vib nas this. Cia peb nco tam sim no tias lub hauv paus rau ntiv tes hnyav ntau dua 45 kg, muab peb tus kheej tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub plhaub thiab xav tias muaj pes tsawg feeb peb tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nrawm no?
Qhov tseeb, tus nqi hluav taws tsis yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj (yog tias peb tsis tham txog "rab riam" hluav taws thaum hmo ntuj), vim tias qhov xav tau los kho qhov pom tau txo qis qhov hluav taws kub. Tab sis tus nqi hluav taws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev thaum tshem tawm qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem, thiab qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov dej num tseem ceeb ntawm lub nkoj cruiser. Yog li ntawd, kev sim hloov mus rau qhov projectile ntawm lub zog txaus los tua cov neeg caij nkoj, tab sis tib lub sijhawm hnyav dua li rau-ntiv ib, yog qhov txaus siab rau cov neeg Askiv.
Hauv qhov no, 140mm / 45 BL Mark I arr. 1913 g tau dhau los ua qhov zoo sib xws rau hauv tsev 130 -mm / 55 "obukhovka" - qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile yog 37, 2 kg piv rau 36, 86 kg, qhov ncauj qhov ncauj - 850 m / s piv rau 823 m / s. Tab sis "Englishwoman" poob hauv cov ntsiab lus tawg (2.4 kg piv rau 3.9-4.71 kg) thiab, qhov txaus txaus, rov ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv - tsuas yog vim qhov tseeb tias Askiv rau qee qhov laj thawj txwv kev nce qib mus rau tsuas yog 15 degrees. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov kev tua ntau ntawm 140 mm / 45 BL Mark I ntawm qhov kev nce qib tsis tau muab, tab sis txawm tias 25 degrees, rab phom tau tua ntawm 14 630 m, piv txwv li. los ntawm yuav luag 79 kbt., Uas tseem tsawg dua li Lavxias 130-mm / 55 nrog nws 83 kbt ntawm VN lub kaum sab xis ntawm 20 degrees. Pom tseeb, poob ntawm Askiv cov phom loj ntawm 15 degrees VN tau ntsuas hauv mais.
Raws li rau lub teeb cruisers ntawm Austria-Hungary "Admiral Spaun", lawv cov cuab yeej ua rog yog 100-mm / 50 K10 thiab K11 mod. Xyoo 1910, tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom Skoda nto moo. Cov phom no muaj peev xwm xa 13, 75 kg ntawm qhov projectile nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 880 m / s ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 11 000 m (59, 4 kbt) - pom tseeb, lawv tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv, tab sis lub kaum sab xis ntawm HV ntawm Austro-Hungarian 100-mm kev teeb tsa raug txwv tsuas yog 14 degrees. Hmoov tsis zoo, tus sau tsis pom cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tawg hauv Austro-Hungarian zoo li. Cov phom muaj kev sib sau ua ke, qhov hluav taws kub tau qhia tias yog 8-10 rds / min. Qhov no yog qhov pom tsawg dua li qhov tau qhia los ntawm Askiv 102-mm thiab German 105-mm rab phom nrog kev sib sau ua ke, tab sis muaj qee qhov ua xyem xyav tias qhov twg cov neeg German thiab Askiv tau hais qhia qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, uas tsuas tuaj yeem tsim tau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsev cog khoom, tom qab ntawd Austria -Hungarians tau coj cov txiaj ntsig muaj txiaj ntsig zoo mus txog ntawm lub nkoj.
Pom tseeb, rab phom 100-mm ntawm Skoda lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem txiav txim siab kwv yees sib npaug rau Askiv 102-mm / 45 QF Mark V thiab, tej zaum, qis dua me ntsis rau German 105-mm / 40 SK L / 40 thiab 105-mm / 45 SK L / 45 cov phom loj.
Xaus peb qhov kev tshuaj xyuas, peb hais tias raws li cov yam ntxwv sib sau ua ke, Lavxias 130-mm / 55 rab phom loj tau zoo tshaj txhua qhov 100-mm, 102-mm thiab 105-mm Askiv, German thiab Austro-Hungarian cov phom loj, tshaj British 140 -mm rab phom, yog kwv yees li sib npaug rau German 150-mm rab phom thiab tsis zoo dua li rab phom Askiv 152-mm hauv lub zog ntawm qhov projectile, yeej hauv kev tua ntau.
Ntawm no, txawm li cas los xij, tus nyeem ntawv mloog zoo yuav muaj lus nug - vim li cas qhov kev sib piv tsis tau coj mus rau hauv tus account xws li qhov tseem ceeb xws li nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim heev - rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub nkoj cruisers thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, cov cuab yeej siv phom yuav tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua thiab nrawm dua rau tsoo qhov tsis muaj tub rog ntawm lub nkoj teeb, tsoo cov phom loj uas qhib, txiav nws cov lus suav thiab yog li coj cov yeeb ncuab lub nkoj mus rau hauv lub xeev tsis muaj zog, dua li "lo" tus yeeb ncuab nrog cov cuab yeej siv phom tho qhov muaj peev xwm tho nws sab tsis muaj tub rog thiab ya mus yam tsis muaj kev tawg, hauv kev cia siab ntawm "Golden" ntaus.
