Kab lus no yuav mob siab rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua cov nkoj Lavxias ntawm lub nkoj ntawm I. Karf qhov kev tshem tawm - lub teeb cruiser Augsburg, peb tus neeg rhuav tshem, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, cov minelayer Albatross.
Raws li koj paub, kev tua cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias ntawm Albatross tau dhau los ua qhov kev thuam ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawb. Yog li, M. A. Petrov ("Ob Fights") sau:
"Yog li, ua tsaug rau qhov tshwj xeeb, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev tshwm sim los ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tawm tswv yim thiab kev siv lub tswv yim, tsis tas yuav muaj qhov xwm txheej no" cov ces kaum "," sweeps "thiab ntxiv rau, ua tsaug ntau ntau rau hluav taws tiv thaiv ib lub hom phiaj,, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, los ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm qhov deb, uas lub hom phiaj qee zaum pom tsis zoo, nws siv sijhawm ze li ib teev thiab ib nrab los tsoo lub nkoj me me, tiv thaiv tsis zoo, qhov tseeb, muab sijhawm rau nws mus nkaum hauv dej nruab nrab."
Tib lub ntsiab lus pom tau qhia los ntawm N. V. Novikov (sau tseg rau Lavxias phau ntawv ntawm G. Rollman), thiab tus sau ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb "Lub Nkoj hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib" thiab ntau yam ntxiv.
Zoo, cia peb sim xam nws tawm. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm 152 mm rab phom, tab sis peb tuaj yeem, nrog qee qhov tshwj tseg, suav qhov feem pua ntawm kev tua phom 203 mm. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cia peb xub txiav txim siab txog kev siv lub plhaub ntawm Lavxias cruisers tiv thaiv cov minelayer "Albatross". Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub yog qhov nyiaj ntawm cov mos txwv siv los ntawm lub nkoj "Bayan". Raws li cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm nws tus thawj coj, A. K. Weiss, tom qab sib ntaus nrog Roon:
"Peb tseem muaj cov mos txwv tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua no: 6-nti 434, 8-inch 120, peb siv 6-nti 366 thiab 8-nti 80. Ntawm no, pom tseeb, tsuas yog txhua tus nkag siab tias vim li cas kuv thiaj tsis tso lub hom phiaj pov tseg."
Hmoov tsis zoo, cov lus ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Bayan tuaj yeem zais qhov ua yuam kev-qhov tseeb yog 366 siv 152-mm zoo li + 434 seem muab tag nrho 800 lub plhaub, 80 siv yim-nti zoo li + 120 ntxiv rau, feem, 200. Nws hloov zoo li yog tus neeg caij nkoj muaj lub mos txwv thauj khoom ntawm 100 ncig ntawm ib rab phom (2 rab phom 203 hli nyob rau hauv lub turrets thiab 8 152 mm hauv casemates), tab sis qhov tseeb cov mos txwv thauj khoom muaj 110 puag ncig rau 8-nti thiab 6-nti phom.
Raws li, peb muaj peb qhov tshwm sim sib txawv. Nws muaj peev xwm tias Bayan tus neeg caij nkoj nkag mus rau hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog qhov tsis txaus ntawm lub plhaub (qhov no yog, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, ua tau, txawm hais tias tsis zoo li) thiab tau siv ntau li 80 203-mm lub plhaub tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab, tom qab uas nws muaj 120 sab laug. hais tias tus thawj coj ntawm lub nkoj tau hais qhia txog kev siv nyiaj zoo, tab sis tau ua yuam kev nrog cov seem, thiab tom qab ntawd tom qab ob qhov kev tua, qhov tseeb, thaum pov tseg cov phom AK Weiss tseem tshuav 130 203 mm thiab 514 152 mm. Hauv qhov no, kev siv cov projectile kuj yog 80. Thiab muaj qhov ua tau tias qhov tseeb ntau qhov projectiles tau siv ntau dua li qhia los ntawm A. K. Weiss., Ntawd yog, qhov seem yog qhov raug, tab sis 90 lub plhaub tau siv rau Albatross thiab Augsburg, tsis yog 80. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsis raug yuam kev xav tias nyob hauv kev sib ntaus nrog Augsburg thiab Hauv duel nrog Roon, Bayan siv li 80-90 203-mm zoo li. Raws li koj paub, raws li Roon, Bayan tau tua 20 rab phom ob rab phom, feem, 40-50 lub foob pob tseem nyob rau Augsburg thiab Albatross.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Bayan raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm Augsburg txij li 07.40-07.41 thiab txog thaum 08.00 yam tsawg kawg, thiab nws muaj peev xwm tias nws raug rho tawm tom qab, uas yog, tsis pub tsawg dua 20 feeb, thaum nyob ntawm Albatross - tsuas yog 10 feeb. Thiaj li, Bayan raug rho tawm ob zaug ntev dua ntawm Augsburg thiab tej zaum yuav siv cov mos txwv ntau dua, tab sis rau lub hom phiaj ntawm "kev coj dawb huv ntawm kev sim" peb yuav xav tias Bayan tua tib lub xov tooj zoo li ntawm Augsburg thiab Albatross. Yog tias peb qhov kev xav raug, tom qab ntawd "Bayan" raug rho tawm tsis pub ntau tshaj 20-25 zaug ntawm "Albatross".
Raws li rau "Admiral Makarov", nws tau hais tias los ntawm lub sijhawm sib tham nrog "Roon" nws tau siv li 61% ntawm nws cov mos txwv thauj khoom ntawm 203-mm zoo li, uas tau lees paub los ntawm kev sau cia ntawm G. K. Kab:
"Qhov laj thawj vim li cas tus thawj tub rog tsis koom nrog Roon yog tias muaj ob peb lub plhaub loj heev nyob ntawm Makarov, piv txwv li, txog 90 8-nti puag ncig thiab tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm 6-nti Tshuag."
Qhov tseeb yog tias 61% ntawm 220 muab 134-135 siv lub plhaub, feem, qhov seem yuav tsum yog 85-86 lub plhaub, zoo ib yam "li 90 lub plhaub" qhia los ntawm G. K. Suav. Tsuas yog qhov uas txhawb qee qhov ua xyem xyav yog tias 61% ntawm kev siv nyiaj los ntawm cov khoom seem tau suav, raws li kev sau cia ntawm G. K. Suav? Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws feem ntau lees paub tias "Admiral" Makarov "siv ntau dua ib nrab ntawm cov mos txwv thauj khoom thiab daim duab ntawm 135 ncig rau ib teev (kwv yees) teev thiab ib nrab kev sib ntaus sib tua (kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws - 90 ncig ib teev) zoo li tsim nyog - muab tias "Bayan" nyob rau ib nrab teev raug rho tawm ntawm Roon 40 lub plhaub (80 lub plhaub ib teev) thiab txawm tias, tej zaum, me ntsis xav tsis thoob.
Yog li, kwv yees tias Admiral Makarov siv tib lub xov tooj zoo li tiv thaiv Augsburg raws li Bayan (uas yog, 20-25 203-mm shells), peb tau txais tias tsuas yog 130 leej raug rho tawm ntawm Albatross. 140 yim-nti puag ncig, suav nrog 20-25 los ntawm Bayan thiab 110-115 los ntawm Admiral Makarov.
Cov peev txheej qhia tias Albatross tau txais 6 203-mm shells, uas muab rau peb, feem ntau, ntaus tau zoo heev-4, 29-4, 61%. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tseeb, cov lej no tuaj yeem siab dua, vim tias hauv peb qhov kev suav peb tau ua txhua qhov kev xav uas ua rau nce kev siv cov projectiles rau Albatross. Yog li, feem pua ntawm kev ntaus hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 4, 29-4, 61% tuaj yeem suav tias yog tus nqi qis tshaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws, feem ntau hais lus, twb tso qhov kawg rau qhov tsis zoo tua ntawm Lavxias cruisers.
Tab sis ntawm no yog dab tsi nthuav …
Peb tau txais qhov twg rau yim-nti puag ncig ntawm Albatross? Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg German tau xa lawv cov haujlwm mus rau cov txheej txheem puas lawm txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm nws. Lub luag haujlwm no tau ua haujlwm ob peb hnub, thiab tam sim no nws tsuas suav 6 qhov tsoo nrog yim-nti thiab 20-rau-ntiv ntaus rau ntawm lub nkoj German. Nws tuaj yeem xav tias G. Rollmann yog thawj tus tau hais txog lawv hauv keeb kwm cov ntaub ntawv, tus sau ntawm cov ntawv tom qab tau theej cov ntaub ntawv no.
Tab sis raws li koj paub, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam, nws tau xaus tias nws tau pom zoo kom rov kho Albatross. Lawm, cov Swedes tau koom nrog qhov no, vim tias lub nkoj tau txiav txim siab ua haujlwm. Thiab tam sim no, raws li cov ntaub ntawv Swedish, Albatross tsis tau txais rau qhov tsoo los ntawm 203-mm zoo li, tab sis ob zaug ntau dua, uas yog kaum ob. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias qhov tseeb muaj tsawg dua ntawm lawv, tias cov neeg Swedes tau ua yuam kev hauv qee yam, tseem tsis tau muaj kev paub ntau hauv kev txiav txim siab kev puas tsuaj, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv tsis muaj sijhawm ntau ntxiv los txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntaus. lub Albatross. Qhov tseeb yog qhov tseeb tus naj npawb ntawm yim ntiv tes tsoo los ntawm Albatross yog nruab nrab ntawm rau thiab kaum ob.
Raws li, qhov raug tua ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias ntawm Albatross minelayer nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 4, 29% thiab txog li 9, 23%, thiab qhov no, feem ntau hais lus, tsis yog "tsis muaj txiaj ntsig" tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav txog cov xwm txheej uas cov tub rog Lavxias tau ua tiav cov kev ntaus no.
Tej zaum, cov ntawv dhau los tau dhau los ua ntxaws ntxaws thiab nkag siab nyuaj, yog li ntawm no yog luv "ncua sijhawm" ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua:
07.30 Cov neeg tawm tsam pom cov pa luam yeeb, I. Karf tam sim tig mus rau sab hnub poob, mus rau nruab nrab dej Swedish;
07.35 Lavxias tus chij tau txheeb xyuas cov yeeb ncuab raws li lub teeb cruiser Albatross, tus Undine-class cruiser thiab peb tus neeg rhuav tshem. "Admiral Makarov" tig rov qab, coj cov yeeb ncuab mus rau chav kawm ntawm 40 degrees. thiab tau hla mus rau nws;
07.37-07.38 (ua piv txwv) "Admiral Makarov" qhib tua hluav taws ntawm "Augsburg";
07.40-07.41 (tawm tsam) "Bayan" qhib hluav taws ntawm "Augsburg";
07.45 Bogatyr thiab Oleg qhib hluav taws rau Albatross;
07.50 (ua piv txwv) Peb tus neeg tua hluav taws German pib tua hluav taws;
07.55 (npaj siab) Commodore I. Karf, pom tias nws tau raug tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias, nyob ntawm lawv txoj hauv kev txhawm rau txhawm rau hla lawv mus rau sab hnub poob sab qab teb;
07.57-07.59 - Ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem lawv pom tias lawv cov chij tseem tab tom rov qab los, thiab lawv "tua" qhov kev tawm tsam - lawv tso lub smokescreen uas zais Albatross thiab Augsburg thiab pib rov qab tom qab Augsburg. Txij lub sijhawm no, tua ntawm Albatross tso tseg, ntawm Augsburg - nws tau rov pib ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua, thaum lub sijhawm uas tus neeg caij nkoj pom;
08.00 Mikhail Koronatovich Bakhirev xaj thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj ("Bogatyr" thiab "Oleg") los ua tus kheej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tub rog caij nkoj ntawm Lavxias tshem tawm ("Admiral Makarov" thiab "Bayan") pib hla "huab huab" los ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem los ntawm sab qab teb, thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj los ntawm sab hnub tuaj;
08.08-08.09 (ua piv txwv) "Admiral Makarov" hla cov pa luam yeeb, pom "Albatross" thiab qhib hluav taws rau nws;
08.10 "Bogatyr" thiab "Oleg", hla dhau cov pa luam yeeb, rov tua hluav taws ntawm "Albatross";
08.20 Ntau qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim ib zaug. Cov neeg Lavxias tau txais lawv thawj zaug ntaus ntawm Albatross. Lub sijhawm no, "Augsburg" zoo li rov pib ua haujlwm ntawm "Admiral Makarov", tab sis txawm li cas los xij nws tsis tau pom dua ntawm cov nkoj Lavxias, lossis lawv tsis xav txog qhov tsim nyog hais txog nws. "Bayan" qhib hluav taws ntawm "Albatross" - txog thaum lub sijhawm nws cov phom tsis tau ntsiag to, txij li peb tus neeg caij nkoj Lavxias tau tua ntawm ib lub nkoj German, thiab "Augsburg", zoo li, tsis pom dua los ntawm "Bayan";
08.30 Cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias pom kev puas tsuaj loj heev ntawm Albatross - kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem loj, poob qis ua ntej, hluav taws. Bayan nres tua;
08.33 Augsburg tso tseg hluav taws;
08.35 Tiv tauj nrog "Augsburg" thiab cov neeg rhuav tshem tau ploj tag. "Admiral Makarov" tig mus rau sab qaum teb, nqa "Albatross" mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj, thaum M. K. Bakhirev xaj Bayan kom "txiav tawm yeeb ncuab sab qab teb";
08.45 Ib qho hluav taws kub hnyiab Albatross piav txog ob qho kev ua tiav ntawm tus ciam teb ntawm Swedish dej. Raws li cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias, Albatross nqes tus chij, raws li kev hais tawm ntawm cov neeg German, Albatross tsis txo tus chij. Raws li lwm qhov kev pom ntawm Lavxias pom, Albatross nqes tus chij tom qab, tom qab nws tau pov nws tus kheej mus rau pob zeb;
09.07 - Kev tawm tsam ntawm Albatross tau nres. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thaum 09.07, "Oleg" nres tua ntawm Albatross, tab sis lub sijhawm thaum "Admiral Makarov" thiab "Bogatyr" nres tua yog, hmoov tsis, tsis paub. Tib yam uas tuaj yeem hais tau tseeb yog tias nws tau tshwm sim ntawm 08.30 (thaum Bayan tso tseg hluav taws) thiab 09.07;
09.12 "Albatross" cuam nws tus kheej rau ntawm pob zeb.
Thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov tub rog caij nkoj tiv thaiv Lavxias tsis tau tua hluav taws ntawm Albatross kiag li; tsuas yog Bogatyr thiab Oleg raug rho tawm ntawm German minelayer. Thaum pib tua hluav taws thaum 07.45, lawv tau tso hluav taws tseg thaum txog 0800, vim tias cov neeg rhuav tshem German tau teeb tsa cov pa luam yeeb, yog li, kev tua tau ua tiav txawm tias tsawg dua 15 feeb.
Yog lawm, yog tias peb rov nco txog hluav taws ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias hauv Tsushima, uas los ntawm qhov luv luv me ntsis (37-40 kbt) thaum thawj 15 feeb ntawm kev sib ntaus nrog cov rog ntawm tsib lub taub hau sib ntaus thiab tej zaum, "Navarina" cuam "5 kaum ob-ntiv tes thiab 14 rau-rau kab rov rau hauv" Mikasu ", thiab txawm tias 6 tsoo hauv lwm lub nkoj (thiab tag nrho, nws hloov tawm, 24 tsoo) thiab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig nrog kev tua" Oleg "thiab" Bogatyr " ", nws hloov tawm li cas txawv txawv. Tab sis koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Gotland, Lavxias lub nkoj raug rho tawm ntawm qhov tsis pom kev, tus thawj coj ntawm qib thib 2 Svinin (cov khoom siv phom loj ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ntawm Baltic Fleet) piav qhia lawv raws li hauv qab no:
"Cov xwm txheej tua tau nyuaj heev … feem ntau lub caij nplooj zeeg (ntawm peb tus kheej qhov projectiles - tus sau sau tseg) tsis pom kiag li".
Ib qho ntxiv, kev tua cov nkoj Lavxias zoo li cov neeg German txaus kom pib ua sai sai, mus rau hauv zigzag, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias. Tau kawg, Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tsis ua dab tsi li. Nws muaj peev xwm tias kev muab roj rau Augsburg lub taub hau tau pab qee txoj hauv kev: raws li peb paub, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Falklands, sib xyaw cua sov ntawm lub rhaub dej kub ntawm cov tub rog Askiv sib ntaus sib tua (thaum cov roj tau txau rau ntawm cov hluav taws kub) mus rau kev tsim cov pa luam yeeb tuab, cuam tshuam nrog kev tua, yog li tom qab cov thawj coj nyiam siv cov cua sov ntshiab. Raws li, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov pa luam yeeb ntawm Augsburg txuas ntxiv ua rau pom kev qias neeg dhau los rau qee lub sijhawm.
Kev pom kev yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum sib piv qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cia peb nco txog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Jutland - Hipper's battlecruisers pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev nyob deb ntawm 65-80 kbt. thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tab sis tom qab ntawd, ze rau thawj qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov kab dav hlau, "Lutzov" thiab "Derflinger" rau qee lub sijhawm tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam dab tsi rau pawg tub rog thib 3 ntawm cov tub rog Askiv sib ntaus sib tua, uas tua lawv los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 40-50 kab. Zoo, cov neeg tua phom German tam sim poob lawv qhov kev tsim nyog? Tsis yog txhua - lawv tsuas tsis pom tus yeeb ncuab. Saib ua ntej, peb nco ntsoov tias tom qab me ntsis, Cov tub rog caij nkoj tiv thaiv German Roon tau tawm tsam nrog tus neeg caij nkoj Bayan nyob rau hauv kwv yees tib yam xwm txheej zoo ib yam li Lavxias tus neeg caij nkoj nrog Augsburg thiab Albatross. Hauv ntu no ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Gotland "Bayan" tau nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm "Roon", uas yog, qhov chaw uas cov nkoj German tau txheeb ze rau cov neeg caij nkoj M. K. Bakhirev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "Bayan" tseem khaws qhov txwv ntawm qhov pom kev thiab mus rau hauv zigzag, txhawm rau txhawm rau tsoo lub taub hau ntawm cov tub rog German. Thiab tam sim no, nyob hauv cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws, hauv ib nrab teev ntawm kev sib ntaus "Roon" ua tiav ib zaug. Ib tus tuaj yeem, tau kawg, xav tias Roon cov phom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis, feem ntau hais lus, Cov neeg German ib txwm tau kawm lawv cov phom zoo, yog li nws yuav muaj ntau qhov laj thawj los xav tias qhov tsis pom kev zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Lavxias cruiser tau liam rau nws tsis zoo shooting. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, qhov tseeb tias cov nkoj Lavxias tsis tau tsoo Albatross thiab Augsburg thaum thawj 15 feeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua (thiab txawm tias tsawg dua) tsis tuaj yeem xav tsis thoob.
Tom qab ntawd, thaum 08.00, teeb tsa cov pa luam yeeb, Albatross ploj mus los ntawm kev pom, thiab kev tua ntawm nws nres, thiab ntawm Augsburg, raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj, tau nqa tawm tsis tu ncua, uas yog, tsuas yog thaum lub nkoj German tau tshwm sim los ntawm qab cov pa luam yeeb. Thiab tsuas yog thaum 08.10 sawv ntxov cov neeg caij nkoj rov tua hluav taws ntawm Albatross … tab sis li cas?
Kev sib ntaus sib tua pib ntawm qhov deb ntawm kwv yees li 44 kbt, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov kev ncua deb qis me ntsis, vim M. K. Bakhirev coj nws lub nkoj hla txoj kev ntawm cov neeg German. Tab sis txij thaum 08.00 txog 08.10 qhov kev ncua deb ntawm Albatross thiab Bogatyr nrog Oleg tau nce ntxiv, vim tias tom qab kev teeb tsa cov pa luam yeeb, Albatross tau khiav mus rau sab hnub poob, thiab 1st pawg tub rog ntawm Lavxias cruisers tau yuam kom tig mus rau sab qaum teb, hla cov pa luam yeeb … Yog li, thaum 08.10 Albatross tau rov pom dua los ntawm kev txwv ntawm kev pom los ntawm Lavxias cov tub rog caij nkoj, thiab tsuas yog Admiral Makarov tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas thiab kho qhov hluav taws ntawm nws cov phom loj ntawm Albatross ntau dua lossis tsawg dua.
Thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau tsis ntev los tom ntej - tom qab 10 feeb thawj ntaus hauv qab, thiab tom qab 25 feeb lub nkoj German raug ntaus - nws tsis paub tias muaj pes tsawg lub foob pob ntaus nws nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tab sis kev puas tsuaj yog qhov zoo heev (ob leeg Lavxias thiab cov peev txheej hauv German lees paub qhov no) - lub nkoj poob nws tus ncej, hlawv, nkag mus rau qhov tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau … Ntawd yog, hauv 35 feeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias tau ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li Roon tau ua. Hmoov tsis zoo, peb tsis paub thaum Admiral Makarov thiab Bogatyr tso tseg hluav taws txhawm rau txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog lub sijhawm hluav taws cuam tshuam rau Albatross, tab sis nws zoo li lawv tau tso tseg hluav taws qhov chaw ntawm 08.45 thiab 09.00, uas yog thaum Albatross nkag mus Swedish thaj av. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, cov neeg caij nkoj no tuaj yeem tso tseg thaum 08.45, thaum lawv pom tias tus chij tau qis dua ntawm Albatross - tsis muaj kev poob siab, peb yuav tsis paub tias tus chij tau qis dua ntawm German cruiser lossis tsis, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no tsis yog dab tsi tau tshwm sim qhov tseeb, tab sis zoo li cas rau cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias.
Yog li ntawd, hais txog "ib thiab ib nrab teev" tua ntawm Albatross, nws yuav yog qhov zoo kom nco ntsoov tias qhov kev txiav txim siab puas tsuaj rau lub nkoj tau ua rau tsis pub dhau 35 feeb (los ntawm 08.10 txog 08.45) los ntawm peb tus neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias (Bayan koom nrog lawv rau tsuas yog 10 feeb) …
Dab tsi yog qhov sib ntaus sib tua? Nws yog qhov feem ntau uas tam sim no thaum Admiral Makarov hloov hluav taws mus rau Albatross, qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog li 40 kab, tej zaum me ntsis ntxiv, thiab ntau ntxiv rau Bogatyr thiab Oleg, thiab qhov no nrog pom tau 5 mais. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg, txawm li cas los xij, nws tau txhim kho "ntawm txoj kev" mus rau Gotland. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias tsis mus rau Albatross ze dua 3 mais: qhov no yog los ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm qib thib ob, Tub Vaj Ntxwv M. B. Cherkasov, leej twg, nyob rau hauv kev teb rau qhov kev thov los ntawm Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Tub Rog Tub Rog A. I. Rusina:
"Cov neeg caij nkoj tsis tau mus txog Albatross ze dua peb mais thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua, vim ntshai tsam kuv txhaj tshuaj."
Ntawm peb tus kheej, peb ntxiv qhov ntawd kom txo qhov nrug mus rau 30 kbt. Cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias tuaj yeem tsuas yog thaum kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, vim hais tias, feem ntau hais lus, Albatross tau ua haujlwm tsis zoo rau lawv nrawm dua. Thiab los ntawm lub sijhawm no, kev sib tham ntxiv tsis ua rau muaj kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv - Augsburg tau pom zoo thiab tau ua phem heev.
Hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no, Lavxias cruisers tau tua ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem German. Tab sis nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov kev tawm tsam no tau nqa los ntawm rab phom 75-mm, ntxiv rau, thaum cov ntsuas loj dua raug rho tawm ntawm Augsburg. Hauv lwm lo lus, txoj kev tswj hluav taws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd "ua haujlwm" ntawm German lub nkoj cruiser, thiab tiv thaiv cov phom loj tiv thaiv kuv "ntawm lub qhov muag" - tau kawg, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tsis tuaj yeem siab.
Yog tias Albatross raug ntaus los ntawm 12 lossis li yim-ntiv puag ncig, yog vim li cas qhov me me (tag nrho kev xa tawm ntawm 2,506 tons) German cov neeg tua tsiaj tsis tau tawg mus rau qhov tawg? Alas, rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, cov foob pob Lavxias tau liam rau qhov no. Qhov tseeb yog tias Lavxias lub nkoj hauv Tsov Rog-Nyij Pooj siv lub plhaub hnyav hnyav 87, 8 kg thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj tom qab ntawm Admiral Makarov hom, ua hauv cov duab thiab zoo ib yam ntawm Port Arthur Bayan, kuj tseem muaj hnub qub 203-hli / 45 rab phom, thiab pub mis tsim los rau qhov hnyav me me. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm dodreadnoughts ntawm hom "Andrew Thawj Tus Hu" thiab "John Chrysostom", nrog rau cov tub rog caij nkoj "Rurik", tau siv riam phom 203-mm / 50 rab phom loj heev, tua 112, 2 kg siab heev lub plhaub nqa 14, 1 kg ntawm trinitrotoluene, "Bayans" yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus nrog 87, 8 kg ntawm lub plhaub nrog 9, 3 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg. Yog tias peb rov nco tau tias, piv txwv li, Askiv rau-rau-plaub lub foob pob tawg tau nqa 6 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg, tom qab ntawd qhov kev txiav txim siab qhia nws tus kheej-203-mm zoo li "Admiral Makarov" thiab "Bayan" hauv lawv lub zog sib ntaus nyob hauv ib nrab txoj haujlwm ntawm rau-nti thiab "ib txwm" yim-nti zoo li. Li no, qhov tseeb, qhov "nruab nrab" tshwm sim ntawm lawv cov hluav taws cuam tshuam rau "Albatross".
Vim li cas tus sau tsab xov xwm no "feeb ib feeb" tshuaj xyuas lub nkoj ntawm I. Karf thiab M. K. Bakhirev ua ntej rov pib tua hluav taws ntawm Albatross (kwv yees li 08.10), tab sis tsis tau sau dab tsi txog lawv qhov kev txav mus ntxiv? Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau lub sijhawm 08.10 - 08.45 tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo dua qub - Albatross tau khiav nrawm ntawm Gotland, thiab cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias tau caum nws nrawm. Tab sis kev tswj hwm lub nkoj nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua (txij li ntawm 08.45) yog qhov ua tsis tiav rov tsim dua. Raws li cov txheej txheem German, ed. G. Rollmann, Cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias (thiab tag nrho plaub leeg) tau ua phem tom qab "Augsburg" mus rau hauv thaj av Swedish dej thiab ua tiav qhov ntawd. Raws li cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm Lavxias, lawv tsuas yog txiav txhua qhov tawm ntawm Swedish tervod (Bayan - los ntawm sab qab teb, "Admiral Makarov" - los ntawm sab hnub tuaj, thiab "Bogatyr" thiab "Oleg" - los ntawm sab qaum teb) mus rau Augsburg thiab tua nws yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev tswj hwm ntawm Sweden - tshwj tsis yog cov foob pob ya.
Leej twg yog? Tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg, Cov Neeg German yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lub tswv yim tias cov neeg Lavxias tau nkag mus rau hauv thaj av Swedish, txawm tias qhov no tsis tau tshwm sim. Thiab rov ua dua - nws ua rau cov neeg Lavxias tsis lees paub txhua txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm Swedish kev tswj hwm, yog tias qhov no yog qhov tseeb. Qhov no tsis yog lus nug txog kev ncaj ncees ntawm kev tshaj tawm, nws yog lus nug txog kev ua nom ua tswv, thiab hauv nws, raws li koj paub, txhua qhov txhais tau tias yog qhov zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, Lavxias version ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li ntseeg tau ntau dua, thiab ntawm no yog vim li cas. Yog tias cov nkoj Lavxias tau nkag mus rau cov neeg phem, nws yuav tsis nyuaj rau lawv kom ze rau Albatross uas tau pov nws tus kheej ntawm cov pob zeb thiab tshuaj xyuas nws hauv txhua yam nws tau piav qhia. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej no, tom qab xa lub nkoj submarine mus rau German minesag "kom paub meej" tsis muaj kev nkag siab - txawm li cas los xij, lub nkoj submarine tau xa mus, thiab - raws li qhov xav tau ntawm M. K. Bakhirev. Hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, tus thawj coj Lavxias hais tias:
"Tom qab ua kom ntseeg tau tias Albatross raug tsoo tsis zoo thiab ntxhua hauv ntug dej, Kuv tau tshaj tawm nrog xov tooj:" Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua, tau txais kev puas tsuaj, tus yeeb ncuab caij nkoj tau pov nws tus kheej mus rau ntawm lub cev pob txha ntawm txog. Gotland, tom qab Estergarn lighthouse. Kuv xav tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig xa lub submarine mus rau qhov chaw ntawm kev sib tsoo."
Thiab vim li cas, qhov tseeb, cov neeg Lavxias tsis tau ua txhaum txoj cai tswjfwm ntawm Sweden, tsis ua txhaum rau hauv nws cov dej hiav txwv thiab ua kom puas Albatross tag? Qhov tseeb tias M. K. Bakhirev tsis ua qhov no, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb liam nws. Feem ntau, lawv hais txog cov neeg German, uas hwm txoj cai ib puag ncig ntawm lwm lub tebchaws tsuas yog thaum nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau lawv. A. G. Cov neeg mob:
"Tham txog qee yam ntawm kev tsis sib xws yog tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li daim nplooj. Qhov nruab nrab yog hwm thaum nws muaj txiaj ntsig. Nco txog keeb kwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm "Dresden". Cov neeg German spat ntawm Chilean nruab nrab kom txog thaum pab tub rog Askiv tuaj txog. Ntawm no Ludeke twb dhau los ua tus yeej ntawm kev coj dawb huv ntawm txoj cai thoob ntiaj teb. Tab sis Luce yog qhov raug kiag li, uas tau hais tias: "Kuv txoj kev lag luam yog txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab, thiab cia cov kws lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws nkag siab qhov nyuaj ntawm txoj cai." Bakhirev tsis txaus siab hais li ntawd, rov qhia txog kev ua siab tawv thiab tsis muaj lub siab xav ua tus thawj coj ua haujlwm ntawm Lavxias lub dav hlau."
Tab sis nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov teeb meem no tob dua li nws yuav zoo li qhov muag pom thawj zaug, thiab tsis muaj txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb hauv lub moj khaum ntawm "kev txiav txim siab" lossis "tsis muaj lub siab nyiam". Cia peb hais tawm ib feem ntawm cov ntawv sau los ntawm D. Yu. Kozlov, mob siab rau Memel kev ua haujlwm, yos rov qab pib thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1:
"Cov lus txib siab dua tsis tau nkees ntawm kev ceeb toom Baltic hais tias nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua tiav ntawm cov tub rog German zoo tshaj plaws mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Gulf of Finland … … thiab thov kom tiv thaiv lub nkoj kom tsawg pheej hmoo thiab txuag nws rau kev txiav txim siab sib ntaus sib tua ntawm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov phom loj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev saib xyuas zoo ntawm tus nqi tau pib los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Baltic Fleet von Essen nws tus kheej, uas nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm kev ua tsov rog, ntawm nws tus kheej txoj haujlwm, yuav luag ua rau muaj kev ua tsov rog nrog nruab nrab Sweden. Tus Thawj Coj Loj, uas tswj hwm kom nres Nikolai Ottovich txoj kev khiav tawm ntawm lub sijhawm kawg, suav hais tias tus thawj tub rog ua "kev ua tsis ncaj ncees thiab kev saib tsis taus rau cov neeg Swedes, uas tau ua siab ncaj rau Russia."
Hmoov tsis zoo, tus sau tsab xov xwm no tsis paub tias hom "kev khiav tawm" Nikolai Ottovich txhais li cas, tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias tom qab xws li "ua ntej" cov neeg tsav nkoj tuaj yeem tau txais daim ntawv xaj ua haujlwm lossis tsis raug cai: "Sweden yog tsis nruab nrab hauv txhua txoj kev ua txhaum! ". Thiab yog tias lawv tau txais cov lus qhia zoo li no, ntawm chav kawm, lawv yuav tsum ua raws nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Cov neeg tsav nkoj German lossis Askiv tuaj yeem muaj kev xaj sib txawv kiag li, lossis tsis muaj xaj xaj txhua qhov, uas tsis tau txhais tes. Hauv lwm lo lus, niaj hnub no peb tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tiav txog qhov teeb meem no, peb tsis paub cov lus qhia dab tsi M. K. Bakhirev thiab, raws li, peb tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm qhov qhab nia no.
Tib yam uas peb tuaj yeem hais tau tseeb yog tias "Gotland xwm txheej" tsis suav nrog kev ua nom ua tswv loj - Cov kws lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Lavxias ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab Swedish Crown tau txaus siab nrog Lavxias cov lus piav qhia. A. K. Weiss:
"… Thiab txawm li ntawd los peb tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tua uas peb tsis tau pom tias Albatross nkag mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov dej Swedish, thiab ob peb lub plhaub yuav luag tsoo cov kob ntawm Gotland. Tom qab ntawd, kev sib tham tag nrho nrog tsoomfwv Swedish tau tawm los ntawm qhov no, kev sib cav tsis sib haum yuav luag tshwm sim. Tab sis, thaum kawg, txhua yam tau daws li cas: huab thiab txhua yam xwm txheej uas tsis tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub hiav txwv tau rub los ntawm no. Hauv ib lo lus, nws hloov tawm tias yuav luag Sweden nws tus kheej tau liam rau txhua qhov no, txij li lawv cov kob ntawm Gotland tam sim no tsis tsuas yog sawv ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis ntxiv rau nce rau hauv peb qhov kev txhaj tshuaj."
Yog li, ua tiav qhov kev piav qhia ntawm thawj ntu ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Gotland, peb los txog qhov xaus tias tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas yuav thuam tus thawj coj Lavxias nrog. Hais tias M. K. Bakhirev "tsis tau txiav txim siab ze rau lub nkoj German, tab sis" pib qhov kev tswj hwm nyuaj ", nws tsis yooj yim sua, vim tias nws lub nkoj txhua lub sijhawm tau hla mus los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab minelayer, lossis ntes nrog nws ntawm txoj kev sib tw (nrog kev zam ntawm kev hla cov pa luam yeeb los ntawm 2nd ib nrab ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj). Ntawd yog, M. K. Bakhirev tau ua txhua yam kom ze rau tus yeeb ncuab kom sai li sai tau, thiab qhov no tau tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov neeg German ntau dua nws lub nkoj hauv kev nrawm thiab txawm tias Albatross, txhim kho txog 20 pob, tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo dua hauv qhov no rau Lavxias cruisers. Raws li txoj cai, tau kawg, Bogatyr-class cruisers tuaj yeem mus 23 pob, tab sis hauv kev coj ua, Oleg tsis tau txhim kho ntau npaum li ntawd. Cov tub rog Lavxias tau ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv, muab qhov feem pua zoo ntawm kev ntaus "saum roob". M. K. Bakhirev tau txiav txim siab ob peb yam hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem suav tias yog yuam kev. Qhov tseeb tias nws tsis tau xaj kom tsom mus rau tua cov yeeb ncuab rhuav tshem, tab sis txuas ntxiv mus rau Augsburg, tsom mus rau qhov tua hluav taws ntawm 203-mm thiab 152-mm phom rau nws, yuav tsum suav tias tsis yog qhov tseeb xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub siab tawv kev ua ntawm tus thawj coj. Txoj hauv kev yuav rhuav tshem Augsburg ntawm M. K. Yeej tsis muaj Bakhirev, tshwj tsis yog los ntawm kev raug xwm txheej thiab ua tau zoo los tsoo nws: Tus thawj coj Lavxias tau sim ua kom paub lub sijhawm no - nws tsis yog nws qhov txhaum uas qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb tsis tau tshwm sim.
Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias tsis yog pawg tub rog thib 1 ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj, lossis nws cov neeg qhuas nws tsis tsim nyog muaj kev thuam rau lawv cov haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no cov nkoj Lavxias tau tos lub rooj sib tham nrog cov tub rog caij nkoj Roon.
