Kuj tsis txaus ntseeg, tsuas yog hnub no, thaum tag nrho cov ntawv ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm Lavxias qub tau luam tawm, thiab ntxiv rau, muaj Is Taws Nem, hauv phau ntawv kawm rau qib 4 ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo "Ntiaj teb ib puag ncig" A. A. Pleshakova thiab E. A. Kryuchkov sau cia li hauv qab no: "Kev sib ntaus sib tua pib thaum lub Plaub Hlis 5, 1242. Cov tub rog Lavxias tawm tsam hnyav. Nws nyuaj rau tuav rov qab ua phem ntawm cov tub rog, hnav khaub ncaws hnyav. Tab sis nws tau muab tawm tias cov tub rog, muaj kev tswj hwm los tsoo lub hauv paus ntawm Lavxias lub zog, lawv tus kheej raug daig. Ua ke nyob rau hauv ib pawg, lawv dhau los ua neeg yooj yim. Zoo li cua daj cua dub, Cov tub rog Lavxias tau txav los ntawm ob sab. Cov tub rog caij nkoj thiab pib thim rov qab. Coob leej, vim lawv cov cuab yeej hnyav hnyav, poob rau hauv lub pas dej, mus hauv qab dej khov nrog nees. 50 tus neeg raug txhom raug coj tawm hauv kev txaj muag los ntawm txoj kev ntawm Novgorod."
Tsis tas yuav hais, kev hlub poj niam txiv neej yog qhov zoo, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, nws yog kev hlub neeg uas xav kom ib tus pej xeem tuag rau Niam Txiv, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav dag rau nws, vim tias kev dag yog qhov kawg. Thiab ntawm no peb tau ntsib qhov tseeb dag hauv phau ntawv qhia rau cov kawm qib plaub, thiab, qhov tseeb, txhua yam zoo li yog qhov nws yuav tsum yog, vim tias "knight-dev" yog "phem". Yog, lawv ua phem, yog, lawv yog cov neeg ntxeem tau, tab sis vim li cas dag cov menyuam? Nws yuav yog qhov ua tau rau lawv tsis txhob dag, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yuav tsis ploj zuj zus yam tsawg!
Los ntawm txoj kev, ua ntej sau qhov no, lawv yuav tsum tau saib ntawm cov kab lus ntxim nyiam heev hauv cov ntawv xov xwm … "Pravda" rau lub Plaub Hlis 5, 1942. Tom qab ntawd Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau tshwm sim, kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj hnub nyoog 700 xyoo, Soviet xov xwm tau thov kom muaj keeb kwm zoo ntawm peb Lub Tebchaws Niam, Stalin nws tus kheej tau hais kom txhawb nqa los ntawm kev nco txog peb cov poj koob yawm txwv, txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev sau ntawm Pravda (koj puas tuaj yeem xav txog qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm Pravda txhais li cas hauv cov xyoo ntawd?!) Tsis muaj ib lo lus hais txog kev poob ntawm cov tub rog hauv Lake Peipsi. Ntawd yog, cov neeg tshaj tawm Stalinist nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab … zaj dab neeg tiag, tab sis vim li cas niaj hnub no cov kws sau ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsis ua!
Yog lawm, tab sis cov tub rog no puas tau poob dej hauv lub pas dej los qhov twg, nyob ntawm cov dej khov thiab tshuab ua npuas? Puas yog S. Eisenstein tuaj nrog txhua qhov no? Tab sis tsis yog, nws tshwm sim hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev sib cav ntawm Lavxias tus thawj tswj hwm nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm Teutonic Order rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, xws li kev sib ntaus sib tua uas qhov kev txiav txim cov neeg caij tsheb tau poob los ntawm cov dej khov, tiag tiag, tsuas yog nws tshwm sim … ntau dhau ua ntej Kev Sib Tw ntawm Cov Dej!
Cov keeb kwm qub qub hauv tebchaws Russia qhia rau peb tias xyoo 1234, yim xyoo ua ntej Kev Sib Ntaus ntawm Cov Dej, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Yaroslav Vsevolodovich tau los ntawm Pereyaslavl nrog cov tub rog qis thiab nrog Novgorodians tau txeeb thaj av ntawm Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Swordsmen nyob ze lub nroog Yuryev, tab sis tsis tau puag nws. Cov tub rog tawm ntawm Yuryev, tab sis raug swb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qee leej ntawm lawv tau rov qab mus rau lub nroog tam sim ntawd, tab sis lwm qhov, uas tau caum los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, poob rau ntawm dej khov ntawm Emajõgi Dej. Cov dej khov tau tawg thiab cov tub rog no tau poob dej. Kev sib ntaus sib tua no tau txais hauv keeb kwm lub npe "Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Omovzha", thiab los ntawm German lub npe ntawm tus dej - "Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Embach". Zoo, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm Novgorod keeb kwm zoo li no: "Lub tswv yim ntawm tus tub huabtais Yaroslav ntawm Nemtsi nyob rau hauv Yuriev, thiab ib puas tsis tau mus txog lub nroog … tub huabtais Yaroslav bisha lawv … ntawm tus dej ntawm Omovyzh Nemtsi tsoo tawm "(uas yog, hla dej khov!) *
Pom tseeb, thaum npaj rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, S. Eisenstein nyeem tag nrho cov ntawv keeb kwm Lavxias ntawm lub sijhawm no, thiab tau txais cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm uas piav rau nws tias nws txhais li cas "Cov neeg German tau tawg". Thiab qhov tseeb tias cov duab ntawm cov tub rog ua luam dej hauv qhov dej khov zoo li rau nws ua rau neeg tsis txaus ntseeg thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo heev tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tsis ntseeg. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom, yog li tham, "txhais tes ntawm txoj hmoo." Tom qab tag nrho, nws tsis yog tsis muaj dab tsi uas Soviet ntawv xov xwm nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yuav luag tau tshaj tawm tias txawm tias ntuj yog nyob ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm Soviet thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ib leeg. Tom qab tag nrho, "hauv Soviet Ukraine - nplua nuj sau qoob loo, thiab nyob rau sab hnub poob Ukraine - ua qoob loo tsis zoo" **. Tsuas yog hauv "Rhymed Chronicle" nws tau hais txog tias cov neeg tuag tau poob rau hauv cov nyom, tab sis txij li tsis muaj nyom nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis, peb tab tom tham, yog li ntawd, hais txog cov ntoo qhuav qhuav uas nyob ib puag ncig ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv. Ntawd yog, cov tub rog Lavxias tau nyob ntawm ntug dej, tabsis qhov kev txiav txim cov tub rog tuaj txog ntawm lawv ntawm cov dej khov ntawm lub pas dej. Ntawd yog, kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tuaj yeem ua rau dej khov tag nrho, txawm hais tias keeb kwm qhia rau peb tias nws yog cov dej khov uas muaj cov ntshav!
Tab sis kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm dej khov, txawm tias yog dej khov ntawm hiav txwv, kuj tseem nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev sib cav ntawm Slavs thiab Teutonic Order, thiab nws yog nrog ntau qhov laj thawj uas nws tuaj yeem hu ua "Battle of the Ice".
Thiab nws tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 1268 Novgorodians txiav txim siab mus tawm tsam tiv thaiv Lithuania, tab sis lawv tau sib cav txog leej twg yuav tsum yog tus coj kev sib tw, uas yog vim li cas nws tsis tau tshwm sim. Tab sis cov khoom hauv tebchaws Danish tau tawm tsam, cov neeg Lavxias tau mus txog lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Rakvere (Rakovor), tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem nqa nws thiab thov kev pab los ntawm Grand Duke ntawm Vladimir Yaroslav Yaroslavich. Nws xa nws cov tub thiab lwm tus thawj coj, thiab hauv Novgorod lawv pib sau cov tshuab siege rau yav tom ntej kev ua phem rau lub nroog. Cov npisov ntawm Kev Txiav Txim thiab cov tub rog los ntawm Riga, Viljandi thiab St. George's tuaj txog hauv Novgorod, thov kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab cog lus tias lawv yuav tsis pab Rokors, tab sis kev cog lus (txawm tias hla tus ntoo khaub lig), tab sis muab rau cov neeg dag, tsis yog suav tias yog kev cog lus los ntawm cov tub rog. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov tub rog tsis ntev los ntawm Yuryev, thiab koom nrog Danes, sawv tawm tsam cov tub rog Lavxias ntawm sab laug. Cov Danes nyob ntawm sab xis, thiab hauv nruab nrab yog cov lus dab neeg German "npua". Hauv Novgorod Chronicle muaj ib zaj dab neeg, uas tsis yog nyob hauv Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm, hais txog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Novgorodians nrog "cov tub rog hlau" ntawm cov tub rog, uas ob tus tswv nroog Novgorod thiab 13 tus tub, tysyatsky, raug tua, thiab 2 boyars ploj lawm.
Lub sijhawm no, cov neeg Lavxias tau tuaj yeem xa lub zog tawm tsam rau cov yeeb ncuab. Livonian Chronicle tau tshaj tawm tias 5000 tus tub rog tau koom nrog nws, tab sis cov tub rog tau tswj hwm nws. Peb cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm hais tias Cov Neeg Lavxias yeej, thiab caum tus yeeb ncuab uas khiav tawm xya mais (xya mais txhua qhov chaw, tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob?!
Thaum yav tsaus ntuj, lwm pab tub rog German tau tuaj pab cov neeg German, tab sis tsuas yog plundered lub tsheb ciav hlau Novgorod. Cov neeg Lavxias tau txiav txim siab tos kom txog thaum sawv ntxov los koom nrog lawv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis cov neeg German tau thim rov qab raws sijhawm. Rau peb hnub Cov tub rog Lavxias sawv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm Rakovor, tab sis tsis tau twv kom cua daj cua dub hauv nroog. Lub caij no, Pskov pab tub rog ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Dovmont tau txeeb Livonia, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov tub rog lub tsev thiab ntes cov neeg raug kaw. Yog li nws pauj lawv rau qhov kev tawm tsam yav dhau los ntawm thaj av ntawm nws tus thawj coj.
Xyoo 1269, qhov kev txiav txim cov tub rog tau ua pauj rau kev ua pauj, ua rau Pskov nyob rau 10 hnub tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis tom qab ntawd thim rov qab, tau kawm tias Novgorod pab tub rog nrog Tub Vaj Yuri ntawm lub taub hau tau los txog hauv nroog. Ob tog pom zoo txog kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, txij li tom qab qhov kev swb qhov kev txiav txim no tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev hem thawj ntxiv ntawm North-Western Russia, thiab cov neeg Lithuanians pib ua rau nws tig!
Lithuania tau hais thawj zaug hauv Lavxias keeb kwm hauv 1009, tab sis nws tau koom ua ib lub xeev nkaus xwb nyob ib puag ncig 1183. Tab sis txawm tias tom qab, nyob rau xyoo pua 13th, ob tus neeg Lithuanians thiab Prussians tseem yog neeg tsis ntseeg thiab tsis xav ua kev cai raus dej. Tab sis kev ywj pheej yuav tsum tau them rau thiab tawm tsam kev tawm tsam los ntawm Sab Hnub Poob thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj. Tab sis cov neeg Lithuanians tau tawm tsam tawv ncauj rau lawv txoj kev ywj pheej thiab kev ntseeg ntawm lawv txiv, thiab tau ua kev cai raus dej tsuas yog xyoo 1367. Nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb, lawv nyob ua liaj ua teb thiab yug tsiaj nyuj, tab sis lawv muaj nyiaj txaus los yuav riam phom hlau kim. Feem ntau cov neeg caij nees hauv tebchaws Lithuanian kuj tseem muaj cov phiaj av loj, uas tau xaum tawm hauv ib feem kom pub dawb rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb-cov zej zog uas tau tawm tsam hauv cov tub rog.
Cov tub rog (karias) ntawm Lithuanians yog pab pawg. Ntxiv mus, lub nraub qaum ntawm cov neeg caij nees Lithuanian tau yooj yim dua li cov tub rog. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, lawv feem ntau tau ua tub sab nyiag khoom rau cov neeg tua tsiaj, tab sis tsis txeeb thaj av txawv teb chaws. Sib ntaus nrog lawv, cov tub rog sai sai tau pom tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tua cov yeeb ncuab tsis yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, tab sis thaum lub caij ntuj no, thaum cov dej khov thiab koj tuaj yeem taug kev nrog lawv zoo li ntawm txoj kev.
Muaj tseeb, cov neeg Lithuanians ob leeg tau caij ski zoo li Finns thiab tawm tsam lawv! Cov txiv neej thaum lub caij ntuj no raug tua feem ntau raug tua kom tsis txhob tsav lawv mus rau hauv cov daus. Tab sis poj niam thiab menyuam tau raug coj mus nrog lawv, txawm hais tias vim lawv yuav tsum rov qab qeeb.
Cov neeg Lithuanians tau txiav txim siab tawm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kev mus ncig no nyob rau lub caij ntuj no ntawm 1270, nyob rau hnub ntawm lub caij ntuj no solstice. Estonian Npis Sov Hermann von Buxhoden, kawm paub txog kev tawm tsam ntawm pab tub rog los ntawm Lithuania, thiab tam sim ntawd xa cov tub rog ntawm Npis Sov ntawm Tartu, Danes los ntawm sab qaum teb Estonia thiab tshem tawm cov tub rog ntawm Teutonic Order coj los ntawm Otto von Litterburg, tus tswv ntawm Kev Txiav Txim hauv Livonia, tawm tsam lawv.
Ironically, cov neeg tawg rog ntawm lawv txoj kev mus rau Lake Peipsi kuj tau coj los ntawm Npis Sov ntawm Tartu, kuj Hermann, thiab txawm tias … tus txiv ntxawm ntawm no heev von Buxhoven. Tab sis cov tub ntxhais hluas German, pom tseeb, tsis paub tias pab tub rog ntawm Grand Duke ntawm Lithuania Treydenius tau los ze nws, thiab tias muaj ntau tus tub rog Lavxias nyob hauv nws, cov qub tub rog ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yav dhau los nrog cov neeg tawg rog, thiab lawv txhua tus tau txiav txim siab heev.
Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 16, 1270, cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog tau ntsib ntawm cov dej khov ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Baltic khov, thiab muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov neeg Lithuanians tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej nrog cov swb, thiab lawv cov neeg sib tw sib tw ua peb pawg: cov tub rog ntawm Teutonic Order nyob hauv nruab nrab, tus npis sov sawv ntawm sab laug, thiab Danes ntawm sab xis. Nws tau paub tias cov tub rog nyob hauv nruab nrab tau kho lawv cov phoojywg nrog kev saib tsis taus thiab tawm tsam cov neeg Lithuanians ua ntej, tsis tau tos tag nrho peb qhov kev tawm tsam los mus ib txhij. Ua ntej Danes tuaj txog lawv, cov neeg Lithuanians pom tias muaj ntau tus nees, thiab cov tub rog, tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tub rog, tsis tuaj yeem ua dab tsi nrog lawv. Nov yog cov neeg Lithuanians (feem ntau yuav yog cov tub rog) pib puag ncig Livonian cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog Teutonic uas tseem muaj sia nyob. Tab sis tom qab ntawd cov tub rog Danish thiab Npis Sov Herman tuaj pab lawv. Hauv "Livonian Rhymed Chronicle" nws tau sau txog qhov no raws li hauv qab no: "Nws yog kev tua neeg phem thiab tua neeg ntawm ob sab, cov ntseeg thiab cov tsis ntseeg.
Thiab cov ntshav ntawm tib neeg los ntawm ob pab tub rog tau nchuav rau ntawm cov dej khov.
Nws yog kev sib ntaus sib tua uas ntau tus tib neeg lub taub hau raug txiav tawm.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws (Xib Hwb Otto) thiab 52 tus tub rog zoo tau raug tua nyob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua."
Cov ntseeg cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm tias cov neeg tawg rog ploj rau rau puas thiab cov neeg Lithuanians poob 1600! Yog li ntawd, "kev sib ntaus sib tua", yog tias kuv tuaj yeem hais txog qhov saum npoo ntawm lub hiav txwv khov, tseem nyob nrog cov tub rog, tab sis lawv qhov kev poob tau zoo heev uas lawv xav tias lawv yeej tsis ua tiav raws li lawv xav tau. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg ntawm no tias kev sib ntaus sib tua no tau pab cov neeg Lithuanians kom tau txais kev sib koom siab hauv tebchaws. Tab sis Prussians ua tsis tiav ntawm txoj kev no, thiab tsis ntev tsuas yog ib lub npe tseem nyob ntawm lawv.
Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias nws yog David Nicole uas tau sau txog kev ua tub rog Lithuanian ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th 20 xyoo dhau los. ib tsab xov xwm nthuav heev muab ntau cov ntsiab lus nthuav. Piv txwv li, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm pab pawg Lithuanian feem ntau tau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm pab pawg sib tw. Cov tub rog tau tawm tsam ntawm ko taw, thiab thaum swb, lawv thim rov qab rau cov nees, thiab nrhiav kev cawm dim hauv dav hlau. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tawm tsam tus yeeb ncuab yam tsis tau xav txog, pov nws nrog darts ntawm lub gallop thiab tawm tam sim ntawd - cov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv los ntawm Estonians, Lithuanians thiab Balts, thiab siv lub nraub qaum ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim nyog nrog lub taub hau ntsiag to * **.
Lawv cov riam phom tseem ceeb yog ntaj, feem ntau ua hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, tab sis lub hilt yog kev tsim khoom hauv zos. Pom cov leeg ua los ntawm cov hlau thiab tooj dag nrog cov nyiaj npib hla. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshuaj xyuas cov hlau qhia tau hais tias tus hmuv thiab dart tau raug xa mus rau Lithuania los ntawm Scandinavia, tab sis qee qhov kuj tau ua los ntawm cov kws hlau hauv zos. Lawv tau ua los ntawm cov hlau Damascus. Ntawd yog, thev naus laus zis ntawm vuam damascus tau paub rau Lithuanian cov kws hlau.
Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb yog cov saw xa ntawv, uas tau hnav hauv qab thiab dhau lub tsho sov. Lub kaus mom hlau yog sphero-conical, zoo ib yam ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Europe tsim. Cov ntaub thaiv npog yog ib txwm muaj, yias-European daim ntawv. Raws li rau lub npe nrov "Lithuanian paveza" - uas yog, daim ntaub thaiv nrog lub gutter rau txhais tes nthuav tawm hauv nruab nrab, tom qab ntawd cov neeg Lithuanians tseem tsis tau muaj. Cov neeg Lithuanians tau qiv daim ntaub thaiv no los ntawm thaj tsam sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Poland, qhov uas nws tau paub nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua 13th. Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog tias cov tub rog Lithuanian tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua keeb kwm ntawm Grunwald, thaum kev ua tub rog lub zog ntawm Teutonic Order tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev!
Yog li, feem ntau yuav yog, lub tswv yim ntawm zaj duab xis "Alexander Nevsky" qhia los ntawm S. Eisenstein tau ua raws keeb kwm ntawm tag nrho peb qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no hauv kev kho dua thiab hloov kho lub tswv yim. Zoo, nws txuj ci tau ua nws txoj haujlwm, thiab vim li ntawd, tag nrho nws cov ntawv tsis muaj tseeb tau khaws tseg txawm tias nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov phau ntawv hauv xyoo 2014! Thiab, tau kawg, tsawg leej tib neeg pom tias los ntawm keeb kwm kev xav, muaj ntau yam keeb kwm tsis sib xws hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab no. Qee tus ntawm nws cov cim tau hnav khaub ncaws tsis raug cai, uas lawv yuav tsum hnav. Tus neeg ntxeev siab tau rov hais dua vim qee qhov nws hnav khaub ncaws hnav, tab sis lawv tseem tsis tau hnav lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov ntoo khaub lig-zoo li qhov ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm "knight-dev" tsis tshwm sim tiag tiag. Muaj T -puab qhov ntawm tus tub rog lub kaus mom hlau, tab sis zoo li tus ntoo khaub lig - tus sau phau ntawv meej meej. Yog, thiab lub kaus mom hlau saum toj kawg nkaus tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm 5 ntu, tab sis lawv tseem tsis zoo li lub thoob!
Los ntawm txoj kev, zaj yeeb yaj kiab no pom nws cov neeg koom nrog txawm tias nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws, tus thawj coj hauv tebchaws, pib tua cov yeeb yaj kiab keeb kwm zoo ib yam li nws hauv kev tsim. Qhov thib ob tom qab "Alexander Nevsky" yog zaj duab xis "Kaloyan" ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv Bulgaria xyoo 1963. Nws cov phiaj xwm yog raws li hauv qab no: Tus huab tais Bulgarian Kaloyan tab tom tawm tsam Byzantines, cov neeg Bulgarians ntxeev siab, thiab tsoo cov European sab hnub poob cov neeg tawg rog, uas muaj lub taub hau zoo li lub kaus mom hlau ntawm lawv lub taub hau. Ntxiv mus, cov xwm txheej ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab no rov qab rau xyoo 1205, thaum cov kaus mom hlau no tseem tsis tau nkag mus rau tub rog "zam"! Tab sis, dab tsi yuav koj tsis ua rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov dab neeg zoo nkauj thiab kev tua zoo? Yog li ntawd, gilded "thoob" ntawm cov tub rog, thiab cov khoom siv tawv pluaj thiab lub hauv paus kaus mom hlau ntawm Tsar Kaloyan (uas tau tshwm sim ob peb xyoos tom qab) yog cov "trifles" uas lawv tsis tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas!
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub npe menyuam yaus - "knight -dev" ntawm Teutonic Order hauv Russia tau txais tsuas yog rau ib puas xyoo tom qab, thiab tom qab ntawd vim yog kev txhais lus tsis raug ntawm Karl Marx ua haujlwm rau Lavxias. Tus tsim ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm kev sib tham tau siv lub npe "tus hauj sam" hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tub rog no, uas lawv yog, tab sis hauv German nws tau dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg nrog lo lus "dev"!
Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog rau Alexander Nevsky cov kab lus hais txog kev tuag ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm Lavxias teb sab av los ntawm rab ntaj. Ntawd yog, nws tuaj yeem hais qee yam zoo li ntawd - vim li cas tsis yog, tab sis qhov tseeb qhov no yog kab lus los ntawm Phau Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum, hloov los ntawm S. Eisenstein. Thiab, ntxiv, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm daim duab, qhov tseeb tias nws tau tsim nws yog qhov zoo heev, yog li ntawd, qhov no ib zaug ntxiv hais txog kev ua tsis raug cai thiab kev kawm ("bookishness") ntawm tus tub huabtais legendary! Yog li, tsis muaj kev txaj muag me ntsis ntawm peb cov tub rog lub yeeb koob hauv kev nyeem cov keeb kwm thiab ua raws qhov tseeb uas tau paub txog keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no. Tsis txhob poob siab ib yam dab tsi, tab sis tsis txhob hais dab tsi ntxiv!
