Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)

Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)
Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)

Video: Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)

Video: Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)
Video: Pab pawg NATO + Ukrain piv nrog Russia (Pab Pawg twg yuav heev dua) tsov rog tiam tiam tshiab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Cov tub rog German yog thawj tus ntsej muag tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov tsos ntawm taug qab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dab nyob hauv tshav rog ua rau cov tub rog German poob siab. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 15, 1916, 18 British Mark I tso tsheb hlau luam thaum sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Somme tau tswj hwm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv German 5 km dav thiab ua ntej 5 km hauv av. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg Askiv poob rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis zoo no yog 20 npaug tsawg dua li ib txwm. Vim tias muaj pes tsawg lub tso tsheb hlau luam, lawv qhov kev ntseeg siab tsawg thiab tsis muaj peev xwm hla tebchaws, qhov kev tawm tsam ntxiv ntawm Askiv tau tso tseg, tab sis txawm tias thawj zaug tsis meej pem, tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv cov tub rog tiv thaiv tsheb tau qhia lawv lub peev xwm zoo, thiab muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws rau cov tub rog German loj heev.

Txij thaum pib los, rab phom loj tau dhau los ua lub ntsiab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm thawj lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim los tiv thaiv cov mos txwv phom loj thiab cov tawg me me ntawm cov mos txwv nruab nrab. Kev ntaus ncaj qha los ntawm 77-mm German cov khoom tawg tawg mus rau hauv 12 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm British Mark I lub tank, raws li txoj cai, ua rau nws ua txhaum. Tsis ntev los no nws tau pom tseeb tias cov foob pob tawg nrog lub fuse teeb los tawm tsam yog qhov ua tau zoo dua. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tawm tsam Allied tso tsheb hlau luam tau pom los ntawm 7.7 cm Infanteriegeschütz L / 20 thiab 7.7 cm Infanteriegeschütz L / 27 phom phom, uas tau muab tso rau hauv xyoo 1916 thiab 1917. Txog cov phom no, cov phom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau phom tau tsim nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 430 m / s thiab cov cuab yeej nkag mus txog 30 hli. Tsis tas li, cov tub rog muaj tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm 75-mm Austrian phom Skoda 75 mm M15, uas hauv pab tub rog German tau txais lub npe 7.5 cm GebK 15.

Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)
Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm German tub rog (ib feem ntawm 1)

Txawm li cas los xij, German thaj chaw thiab phom me, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua ncaj qha, muaj qhov pom uas tsis tsim nyog rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj txav mus thiab lub hom phiaj me me kab rov tav. Ib qho ntxiv, thaum muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm lub tank, xa cov phom thauj sai sai los ntawm pab pawg nees mus rau txoj haujlwm tshiab feem ntau muaj teeb meem, thiab qhov xwm txheej no cov tub rog German raug yuam kom siv ntau yam riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, xws li cov foob pob tawg thiab laum cov khoom, uas tau muab pov rau hauv qab cov ciav hlau ntawm cov tsheb … Ntawm qhov tawg ntawm cov foob pob tawg, Stielhandgranate 15 yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau cov pob khoom, raws li qhov uas paub zoo tias "mallet" tau tsim tom qab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua, thiab nyob rau theem kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, tus lej thawj tus qauv tiv thaiv lub tank tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.

Kev suav tau pom tias kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm 15 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 m, riam phom ntawm 12-14 mm caliber nrog lub mos txwv loj ntawm 45-55 g thiab yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm sai sai ntawm 750-800 m / s. Xyoo 1917, Lub tuam txhab Polte los ntawm Magdeburg tau tsim 13, 25 × 92SR T-Gewehr cartridge.

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Nws yog lub ntiaj teb thawj rab phom loj phom loj tshwj xeeb tsim los tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv phom. Nrog lub tes tsho ntev ntawm 92 hli, nws tag nrho ntev yog 133 hli. Cov mos txwv hnyav - 52 g. Lub zog rab phom - 15,400 J.

Hauv qab daim ntawv no, Mauser tau tsim Tankgewehr M1918 ib leeg tua phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas tau siv rau xyoo 1918. PTR tau rov ua dua tshiab uas siv lub qhov ntev ntev nrog lub qhov rooj kaw. Qhov riam phom tshiab yog qhov phom loj Mauser 98 phom loj. Phom phom muaj lub thawv ntoo nrog tuav rab phom; nyob rau hauv ntej ntawm lub thawv, bipod los ntawm MG-08/15 tshuab rab phom tau txuas nrog.

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Cov riam phom tau dhau los ua qhov hnyav thiab hnyav. Qhov ntev ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank yog 1680 hli, thiab qhov hnyav yog 17.7 kg. Tab sis txawm tias coj mus rau hauv tus lej qhov tseem ceeb, rov qab thaum tua tau tsoo rau tus tua lub xub pwg. Txij li thaum tus tsim ntawm PTR tsis thab nrog kev teeb tsa lub muzzle nres thiab kev poob qis ntawm lub taub qab, cov tswvcuab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm raug yuam kom tua hluav taws. Qhov zoo tshaj, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 rds / min, tab sis hauv kev xyaum nws yog 5-6 rds / min. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m raws li qhov ib txwm muaj 13, 25 -mm mos txwv nkag mus rau 20 mm daim phiaj phom, thiab ntawm 300 m - 15 mm.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau dhau los sai sai tias nws tsis txaus los tsuas yog hle cov ris tsho tiv thaiv, nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias lub mos txwv yuav ua rau puas tsuaj rau ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub tank, tso cov roj thiab roj nplua nyeem, lossis ua rau lub foob pob tawg. Txij li lub zog ntawm lub mos txwv me me tom qab tsoo los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog, muaj txoj hauv kev me me ntawm qhov no. Thiab muab qhov tseeb tias cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm British "pob zeb diamond-puab" tso tsheb hlau luam yog 7-8 tus neeg, kev tuag lossis raug mob ntawm ib lossis ob lub nkoj, raws li txoj cai, tsis ua rau lub tsheb nres. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab tau siv Tankgewehr M1918 tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua rau muaj kev sib tw loj heev ntawm thawj kab nrog lawv, kev tiv thaiv lub peev xwm ntawm cov tub rog German tau nce ntau. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ua ntej kev swb ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, ntau dua 15,000 phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau raug tshem tawm, uas ntau dua 4,600 rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau nyob hauv chav ua ntej.

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Tom qab qhov Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Thib 1 xaus, Tankgewehr M1918 PTR tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub xeev European. Txawm hais tias Lub Tebchaws Yelemees nws tus kheej raug txwv tsis pub muaj riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, hauv 30s hauv Reichswehr muaj ntau dua 1000 ATRs. Tom qab Nazis tau los ua lub hwj chim, 13, 25-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau siv rau hauv kev sim cog cov tsheb uas muaj kev vam meej thiab rau kev qhia paub. Hauv USSR, nyob rau ib nrab ntawm 30s, qhov riam phom no, hloov pauv rau 12.7 mm DShK cartridge, tau tsim tawm me me rau qhov xav tau ntawm NIPSVO (kev sim hauv av rau caj npab me me). Hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog hauv kev cob qhia ntawm MVTU im. Bauman ntawm qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kws ua haujlwm V. N. Sholokhov, lawv teeb tsa kev sib dhos phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas txawv ntawm tus qauv German los ntawm qhov muaj lub qhov ncauj nres, lub poob siab ntawm lub taub qab thiab lwm daim cartridge. Cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus ntawm PTRSh-41 sib raug rau Tankgewehr M1918, tab sis nws yog me ntsis sib zog thiab xis nyob dua thaum tua.

Ntxiv nrog rau rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank chambered rau 13, 25 × 92SR T-Gewehr hauv Tebchaws Yelemees xyoo 1918, Mauser cov kws tshaj lij tau tsim MG 18 TuF phom tshuab hnyav (German Tank und Flieger Maschinengewehr-tiv thaiv lub tank thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau tshuab). Cov txheej txheem, nws yog lub qhov rooj loj 7, 92 hli MG 08, uas yog lub tshuab German rab phom Maxim. Kev sib dhos ntawm 13, 25-mm tshuab phom yuav tsum tau nqa los ntawm Machinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg AG.

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13, 25 mm MG 18 TuF dhau los ua thawj lub tshuab phom hnyav hauv ntiaj teb. Thaum lub sijhawm nws tsim, nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm txhua lub tebchaws Askiv thiab Fab Kis ntawm lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag, uas yog kev xav ua rau nws tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub tank. Txij li lub thoob ntawm lub tshuab rab phom me ntsis ntev dua li ntawm PTR ntawm tib lub peev xwm, nws nkag mus rau hauv 22 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - 300 rds / min, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws - 80 rds / min. Txawm hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm lub tshuab rab phom tau teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb loj thauj khoom hnyav yog 134 kg, thiab cov neeg siv rab phom tshuab suav nrog 6 tus neeg, nws cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus raws li kev tiv thaiv lub tank riam phom thiab kev txav chaw tau siab dua li ntawm thaj tsam thiab phom me me. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog tus lej ntawm 4,000 chav tsim tawm rau xyoo 1918, tsuas yog 50 lub tshuab phom tau sib sau ua ntej qhov kawg ntawm kev tawm tsam, thiab lawv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua phem. Thawj qhov kev ua tsis tiav nrog lub tshuab rab phom loj ua rau qhov tseeb tias hauv tebchaws Yelemes, tom qab ntawd, lub tshuab rab phom loj tsis tau tsim, npaj rau siv los ntawm cov tub rog hauv av tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj huab cua qis.

Txog rau ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm 30s, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tsis muaj sijhawm los tsim kev cai lij choj thiab siv riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, thiab yog li riam phom ntawm lub hom phiaj no tau tsim tawm txawv teb chaws, lossis zais qhov tseeb hauv German tsim chaw haujlwm. Hauv thawj lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, lub foob pob tseem ceeb tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Wehrmacht yog rab phom 37-mm PaK 35/36. Zoo li ntau lwm qhov piv txwv, qhov qauv ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau zais zais ntawm Rheinmetall ruaj hauv xyoo 1920. Cov phom no muaj qhov hnyav tsawg thiab yooj yim camouflaged rau hauv av. Hauv 30s, nws muaj peev xwm heev thiab tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tiv thaiv cov tso tsheb hlau luam xws li BT thiab T-26, tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv mos txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev paub txog kev ua siab phem hauv Spain tau qhia tias thaum muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam mus rau pem hauv ntej, xav tau cov tub rog thiab qib tuam txhab tiv thaiv riam phom tiv thaiv. Hauv qhov no, thaum kawg ntawm 30s, ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.

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Txhawm rau txhawm rau txo qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom thiab ua kom nrawm rau hauv kev tsim khoom loj, thawj lub tebchaws German tiv thaiv lub tank muaj rab phom caliber - 7, 92 hli. Txhawm rau ua kom cov cuab yeej nkag mus tau zoo, lub tuam txhab "Guslov Werke" tau tsim lub zog loj heev nrog lub tes tsho ntev 94 mm (7, 92 × 94 mm). Ntawm kev sim, tom qab txhaj tshuaj los ntawm lub thoob 1085 mm ntev, lub mos txwv hnyav 14, 58 g tso nws nrawm ntawm 1210 m / s.

Xyoo 1938, kev tsim ntawm 7, 92-mm anti-tank phom loj Panzerbüchse 1938 (Lavxias phom tiv thaiv lub tank)-sau luv li PzВ 38 pib ntawm kev lag luam "Guslov Werke" hauv Suhl. Ntawm lub qhov rooj. Los ntawm lub zog thim rov qab, lub tog raj txuas thiab cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau hloov pauv rov qab rau hauv lub thawv ntawv, uas ib txhij ua haujlwm raws li lub thoob yas. Vim qhov no, qhov rov qab tau raug txo qis, thiab tus neeg tua phom xav tias nws tsawg dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshem tawm tsis siv neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv lub thawv thiab qhib lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau ua kom ntseeg tau. Tom qab ntawd, daim cartridge tom ntej tau thauj khoom.

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Ntawm ob sab ntawm tus txais yuav tuaj yeem txuas cov kab xev qhib rau sab saum toj nrog 10 daim cartridges nyob hauv txhua - qhov hu ua "loading boosters". Los ntawm kev txo lub sijhawm xav tau los thauj cov cartridge tom ntej, qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 rds / min. Lub taub qab thiab bipod yog foldable. Cov kev pom tau tsim rau qhov deb li ntawm 400 m.

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PzВ 38 rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank, txawm hais tias rab phom muaj rab peev xwm, ua rau hnyav, nws qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua yog 16, 2 kg. Ntev nrog cov khoom nthuav tawm - 1615 hli. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, thaum tsoo ntawm lub kaum sab xis, kev nkag mus ntawm 30 hli ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau ua kom zoo, thiab nyob deb li ntawm 300 m, 25 hli ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau nkag mus. Txij thaum pib los, cov tsim tawm ntawm 7, 92-mm PTR tau paub tias lawv cov riam phom yuav muaj cov cuab yeej ua kom tsis muaj zog heev. Hauv qhov no, lub mos txwv tseem ceeb tau txiav txim siab ua ib daim cartridge nrog rab phom uas siv rab riam phom, hauv lub taub hau uas muaj cov tub ntxhais tawv tawv, thiab hauv tus Tsov tus tw muaj tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov me me ntawm cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv pas dej, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj kua muag sab hauv qhov chaw khaws cia me me. Xyoo 1940, kev tsim cov riam phom uas siv phom nrog cov tungsten carbide core ntawm qhov ntev tau pib. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nqa tau cov cuab yeej nkag mus txog 35 mm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m; thaum tua ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj dab tsi, 40 hli ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog tuaj yeem raug tho. Tab sis feem ntau, thaum cov ris tsho tiv thaiv tau tawg, cov tub ntxhais tau tawg mus ua hmoov av thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau dhau los ua qhov me me heev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, ib tus tuaj yeem cia siab tias cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub tank yuav raug mob; tawg me me tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv sab hauv puas tsuaj ntawm lub tsheb. Ib qho ntxiv, German kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam ib txwm tau ntsib qhov tsis txaus ntawm tungsten thiab cov kab xev nrog cov cuab yeej nkag mus tau ntau ntxiv tsis tau siv dav. Tab sis, txawm hais tias qhov kev tawm tsam tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm 7, 92-mm PTR, lawv tso tawm txuas ntxiv. Thaum lub sijhawm sib tw Polish, twb muaj ntau dua 60 phom tiv thaiv lub tank hauv pab tub rog.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib ntaus sib tua ua ntej ntawm PzB 38 PTR hauv tebchaws Poland tsis ua tiav. Txawm hais tias nws tau hle lub tsho me me ntawm Polish tso tsheb hlau luam, cov tua tau yws yws txog qhov loj thiab qhov loj ntawm PzB 38, nrog rau kev nkag siab rau kev ua qias tuaj thiab tshem tawm nruj ntawm cov kab. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus, Brower raug yuam kom rov ua haujlwm nws cov qauv, ua kom yooj yim dua, ua kom nws ntseeg tau, thiab tib lub sijhawm txo nws qhov loj. Xyoo 1940, tom qab tso tawm 1408 daim ntawv, kev tsim cov PzВ 38 raug txwv thiab cov qauv hu ua PzВ 39 tau mus rau ntau lawm.

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Cov phom tshiab tau dhau los tsis yog tsuas yog txhim khu kev qha, tab sis kuj sib zog dua. Hauv txoj haujlwm tua, qhov hnyav ntawm PzВ 39 yog 12, 1 kg. Tag nrho lwm cov yam ntxwv tseem nyob ntawm qib ntawm qhov piv txwv yav dhau los. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, PzВ 39, zoo li PzВ 38, muaj cov peev txheej qis heev, uas yog tus nqi them rau cov ntaub ntawv kaw qhov ncauj muzzle nrawm. Hauv thawj daim cartridges German 7, 92 × 94 mm, qhov muzzle nrawm ntawm me ntsis ntau dua 1200 m / s tau ua tiav ntawm cov pa roj siab ntawm 2600-2800 kg / cm², thaum lub peev txheej tsis muaj ntau dua 150 txhaj tshuaj.

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Thaum lub sijhawm tawm tsam Soviet Union, txhua lub tuam txhab tub rog German yuav tsum muaj ib feem ntawm xya tus neeg nrog peb 7, 92-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank PzВ 38 lossis PzВ 39. Ib rab phom tau qee zaum txuas rau txhua tus tub rog ntawm lub tuam txhab, tab sis ntau zaus cov phom tau tsom mus kom ua tiav ntawm ib qho kev ua tau zoo, lawv tau ua kom muaj hluav taws kub ntau ntawm ib lub hom phiaj.

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Kev tsim khoom ntawm PzВ 39 tau txiav tawm xyoo 1942; tag nrho, ntau dua 39,000 PTRs tau raug xa mus rau cov tub rog. Lawv siv txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1944, tab sis thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941 nws tau pom tseeb tias 7, 92-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv lub Soviet T-34 tshiab thiab KV tso tsheb hlau luam.

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Lwm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas siv 7, 92 × 94 mm cartridge, yog PzB M. SS-41, tsim los ntawm Czech tuam txhab Waffenwerke Brun (ua ntej kev ua haujlwm ntawm Czechoslovakia-Zbroevka Brno). Thaum tsim PTR no, Czech cov kws siv phom siv lawv cov kev txhim kho yav dhau los.

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Qhov tseeb, riam phom no yog thawj tus qauv loj, tsim raws li "phiaj xwm" bullpup. Kev siv cov kev npaj no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo qis tag nrho ntawm MFR. Ib lub thawv ntawv xov xwm rau 5 lossis 10 puag ncig tau nyob tom qab tus tswj tuav tswj hluav taws. Ib qho ntxiv, Czechs tau tsim qhov xav tau kaw qhov system - tsis muaj cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj txav tau hauv qhov riam phom no. Thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom dua, tus tua tsis tas yuav tshem nws txhais tes los ntawm rab yaj phom, vim nws tau pab, thaum tus tes txav mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab nce, nws qhib lub qhov ntsia liaj qhov rooj, tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv tas. Kev xa cov cartridge tom ntej thiab kev xauv ntawm lub thoob tau nqa los ntawm kev sib koom tes thiab tshwm sim thaum tus kov txav rov qab - nqes. Ntawm rab phom tuav, tus txhais thiab lub fuse tau sib sau ua ke.

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Qhov pom tau tsim los rau kev tua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m. Lub thoob, lub txais thiab taub qab ntawm PzB M. SS-41 PTR tau nyob ntawm tib lub axis. Qhov no, ua ke nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 1100 mm, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov tseeb ntau dua piv rau PzB 38 lossis PzB 39. Kev siv lub caij nplooj ntoo poob siab absorber, lub xub pwg rubberized so thiab ib leeg-chamber muzzle nres minimized recoil thaum tua Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, MTR PzB M. SS-41 me ntsis dhau lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm zoo sib xws ntawm kev nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej. Qhov riam phom hnyav 13 kg muaj qhov ntev ntawm 1360 mm. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws mus txog 20 rds / min.

Hais txog kev pabcuam, kev ua haujlwm thiab tus yam ntxwv sib ntaus, tus qauv tsim hauv Czech koom pheej muaj qhov zoo dua cov khoom lag luam ntawm German tuam txhab "Suslov Werke". Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom, uas tau muab siv rau xyoo 1941, tau dhau los ua qhov nyuaj dua thiab kim dua rau kev tsim khoom ntau dua li qhov ua tau zoo PzB 39. Vim li no, kwv yees li 2000 PzB M. SS-41 tau tsim, uas feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv SS cov tub rog nyob. Tus lej ntawm cov peev txheej hais tias raws PzB M. SS-41, tau txhaj ib zaug 15-mm PZB 42 PTR, uas tau tsim tawm hauv cov kab me me thiab tau siv rau qhov txwv los ntawm Waffen SS. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank yog 1700 mm, hnyav - 17, 5 kg.

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Hauv MTP PzB 42, Czech 15x104 Brno cartridge tau siv nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm cov mos txwv uas hnyav 75 g - 850 m / s. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, nws nkag mus rau 28 mm cov cuab yeej ua rog. Txawm li cas los xij, rau xyoo 1942, xws li cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau cov yam ntxwv tau txiav txim siab tsis txaus thiab riam phom tsis tau pib ua rau ntau lawm.

Tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Tebchaws Poland, cov neeg German tau txais ntau txhiab txhiab rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank Karabin przeciwpancerny wz. 35. Zoo li German PTR, rab phom no muaj rab peev xwm ntawm 7, 92 mm, tab sis cov phom Polish ntev dua. Lub tes tsho ntev 107 mm muaj 11 g hmoov tsis haus luam yeeb. Hauv lub thoob 1200 mm ntev, lub mos txwv hnyav 14.58 g nrawm rau 1275 m / s. Lub zog muzzle - 11850 J.

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Duab

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov mos txwv nrog cov hlau lead tau siv tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv, uas, vim tias nrawm nrawm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 30 hli cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv phaj tau teeb tsa ntawm lub kaum sab xis, lub qhov taub tom qab nkag mus ntau dua 20 hli thiab tag nrho cov khoom tawg ua rau nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej. Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg German tau siv cov mos txwv carbide-tipped. Qhov no tau nce cov cuab yeej nkag mus, tab sis txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub qhov thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau me dua.

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Duab

Anti-tank phom ntev wz. 35 tsis tau ci nrog thawj cov kev daws teeb meem thiab qhov tseeb, yog rab phom Mauser nthuav dav. PTR tau rov ua dua nrog phau ntawv qhia kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm qhov swb nrog tig, lub zog tau muab los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm rau plaub ncig. Kev tua tau ua tiav nrog rau kev tsom mus rau bipod, cov cuab yeej pom pom tau tso cai tua ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 300 m. Cov peev txheej ntawm rab phom yog 300 txhaj tshuaj. Kev sib ntaus tua hluav taws - txog li 10 rds / min. Ntev - 1760 hli, qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua - 10 kg.

Hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, Polish PTR tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li lub npe PzB 35 (p). Ntau pua phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm hom no tau siv thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1940 tawm tsam Fabkis cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov phom tau pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo thaum tua ntawm lub bunkers thiab bunkers.

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Duab

Tom qab Fab Kis phiaj los nqis tes, pab tub rog ntawm Wehrmacht muaj txog 800 PzB 35 (p) phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas tau ua haujlwm zoo ib yam nrog lawv tus kheej PzB phom. 38/39 ib. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov neeg Polish PTRs raug xa mus rau cov phoojywg: Hungary, Ltalis, Romania thiab Finland, uas tseem siv lawv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Sab Hnub Poob.

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Duab

Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, tag nrho 7.92 hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank muaj qhov nrawm heev ntawm qhov ncauj, uas ua rau coj mus rau hnav nrawm ntawm rab phom phom. Kev siv me me-muaj peev xwm ua kom nrawm nrawm ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev ntawm riam phom, tab sis tib lub sijhawm txwv kev nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej. Cov mos txwv hnyav tsis pub ntau tshaj 15 g nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm me ntsis ntau dua 1200 m / s, thaum raug rho tawm ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj dab tsi, qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tau hlais ib lub hli 40 hli ntsug ntsia hlau phom.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tawm tsam lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, tso tsheb hlau luam nrog 7.92-mm tiv thaiv rab phom tiv thaiv hnyav dhau, uas thaum kawg coj mus rau kev tshem tawm ntawm "rab phom me me" tiv thaiv lub tank phom los ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab hloov lawv hauv pab tub rog nrog cov riam phom tiv thaiv zoo dua qub.

Thaum xyoo 1920s, kev txhawj xeeb German Rheinmetall Borzing AG tau txais Swiss tuam txhab Solothurn Waffenfabrik, uas tom qab ntawd tau siv los tsim thiab tsim riam phom hla dhau cov lus cog tseg Versailles. Hauv 30s hauv kev tsim chaw lis haujlwm ntawm kev txhawj xeeb German, lub ntiaj teb 20-mm system tau tsim los ntawm 20-mm rab phom tsim los ntawm Heinrich Erhardt, tus kws siv rab phom German Louis Stange. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau caj npab dav hlau, raws li rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau thiab rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau zam kev liam ntawm kev ua txhaum cov lus cog tseg ntawm Versailles, cov riam phom tshiab tau pib tsim hauv Switzerland. Xyoo 1932, ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 20-mm cannon yog qhov hnyav, nws tus kheej thauj khoom, cov ntawv xov xwm hom phom tiv thaiv lub tank Soloturn S 18-100, tsim los siv 20 × 105 mm cartridge. Qhov hnyav PTR kev siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm thim rov qab nrog nws cov mob stroke luv. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm tso cai tsuas yog tua hluav taws ib zaug. Cov riam phom tau pub nrog cov mos txwv los ntawm cov thawv ntawv tshem tawm tau nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 5-10 lub plhaub, txuas rau kab rov tav rau sab laug. Cov cuab yeej siv khoos phis tawj pom muaj qhov qhib, kho tau raws hom kev pom, tsim rau thaj tsam li ntawm 1500 m lossis kho qhov muag pom nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm × 2, 5. PTR raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm ob-legged bipod, lub thoob tau nruab nrog lub qhov ncauj nres. Txog kev txhawb nqa ntxiv thiab kho cov riam phom hauv qee txoj haujlwm, kev txhawb nqa qhov siab monopod tau teeb tsa hauv qab lub xub pwg so.

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Duab

Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank thaum lub sijhawm tsim muaj cov cuab yeej zoo nkag mus. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, 20-mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv qhov projection hnyav 96 g nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 735 m / s ib txwm nkag mus rau 35 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, thiab los ntawm 300 m-27 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws yog 15-20 rds / min. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom tau ntau dhau. Nrog tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm 1760 mm, PTR qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua tau txog 42 kg. Vim nws qhov hnyav thiab rov qab muaj zog, riam phom tsis nrov ntawm cov tub rog. Txawm li cas los xij, tus lej Soloturn S 18-100 PTRs tau siv thaum sib ntaus ntawm Sab Hnub Poob. Feem ntau, 20-mm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv cov cuab yeej ntawm lub tsheb tshiab Soviet, tab sis nws ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum tua ntawm cov ntsiab lus tua thiab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.

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Duab

Hauv ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm 30s, cov kws tsim khoom ntawm Solothurn Waffenfabrik lub tuam txhab txiav txim siab los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank los ntawm kev rov kho nws kom muaj zog dua 20 × 138 mm. Tus MTP tshiab, xaiv Solothurn S18-1000, tau ntev dua; qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb sab nraud los ntawm tus qauv ua ntej yog chav ntau qhov muzzle nres. Nrog rau tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm 2170 mm, PTR qhov hnyav tsis muaj cov cartridges yog 51.8 kg. Vim tias muaj qhov ntev ntev ntxiv thiab ntim ntau dua ntawm cov hmoov hmoov hauv lub tes tsho, qhov pib tshaj tawm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom tau nce mus txog 900 m / s. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, lub plhaub tau ntsaws 40 mm cov cuab yeej ntawm lub kaum sab xis.

Kev txhim kho ntawm Solothurn S18-1000 yog Solothurn S18-1100, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov uas muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws tau tawg. Hauv qhov no, hloov cov ntawv xov xwm rau 20 puag ncig los ntawm Flak 18 lub tshuab tiv thaiv dav hlau tau hloov kho rau riam phom. Hauv Wehrmacht, Solothurn S18-1000 PTR tau xaiv PzB.41 (s), thiab Solothurn S18-1100-PzB.785. Txij li thaum nqa riam phom hla kev deb yog lub nra hnyav dhau los laij tawm, thiab rov thim tau ntau dhau, muaj qhov kev xaiv teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab tshwj xeeb ob lub log.

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Duab

Tom qab kev tawm tsam thawj zaug hauv Russia, nws tau hloov pauv tias qhov hnyav 20-hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nrog T-34 cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab, thiab nws qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev tsis pub tso nrog cov tub rog hauv kev tawm tsam thiab siv lawv raws li hluav taws txhawb nqa riam phom. Vim li no, xyoo 1942, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 20-mm PTR tau xa mus rau North Africa, qhov uas lawv tau siv, tsis yog tsis muaj kev vam meej, tawm tsam Askiv thiab Asmeskas lub tsheb tiv thaiv lub teeb. Tus lej PzB.785s tau raug teeb tsa los ntawm cov neeg German nyob hauv bunkers ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Atlantic. Ntxiv rau pab tub rog German, Solothurn PTR tau siv hauv kev ua tub rog ntawm Bulgaria, Hungary, Ltalis, Switzerland thiab Finland.

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, cov tub rog German tseem siv Danish M1935 Madsen 20mm "rab phom tshuab thoob ntiaj teb". Qhov riam phom no, qhov tseeb, yog rab phom me me uas muaj rab phom loj, tau tsim los tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv ntawm nruab nrab thiab nrug deb thiab tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov chaw siab. "Rab phom tshuab" tau tsim los rau ntawm 20 × 120 mm lub peev xwm, thiab ua haujlwm raws li lub tswv yim qub ntawm "Madsen" tshuab rab phom nrog lub thoob luv mus ncig thiab lub viav vias. Lub qhov cua txias txias tau nruab nrog lub qhov ncauj nres. Cov riam phom no tuaj yeem siv ntau txoj hauv kev. Yeej, lub cev ntawm "rab phom tshuab" nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 55 kg tau muab tso rau ntawm lub log lossis lub tshuab nqa, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua tau ob lub hom phiaj hauv av thiab hauv huab cua. Qhov hnyav ntawm kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb ntawm lub tshuab raj yog 260 kg.

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Duab

Lub foob pob ua ntxaij rab phom nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 770 m / s, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, nkag mus rau 40 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m, kev nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej yog 28 hli. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm thaj chaw tua phom yog 1000 m. Kev teeb tsa tau siv los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 10, 15, 40 lossis 60 lub plhaub. Tus nqi hluav taws - 450 rds / min, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws - 150 rds / min.

Ntxiv rau 20-mm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub log thiab cov tshuab siv lub tshuab, Cov Neeg German tau txais ntau lub kaum os "tsis siv neeg phom tiv thaiv lub tank" hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom plig, qee qhov ntawm lawv tau teeb tsa ntawm lub maus taus.

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Duab

Hauv kev ua tub rog, 20-mm Madsen 1935 PTR tso siab rau bipedal bipod, nyob tom qab ntawm tus txais tau: muaj ntxiv, kho qhov siab, txhawb nqa thiab lub xub pwg nyom. Lub zog muzzle nres muaj zog nyob ntawm cov phom ntawm rab phom.

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Duab

Txawm hais tias qhov hluav taws xob hloov pauv ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tso cai rau qhov muaj peev xwm tua nyob rau hauv tawg, muab lub zog thim rov qab thiab tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg, lawv tua feem ntau ib leeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws yog 10-15 rds / min. Qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom hauv PTR version, yam tsis muaj daim cartridges, tshaj 60 kg. Muaj ntau qhov pov thawj ntawm kev siv los ntawm cov neeg German ntawm 20-hli kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv huab cua. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hmoo ntawm 20-mm PTR Madsen 1935 tsis paub. Nws tuaj yeem xav tias txhua tus ntawm lawv tau ploj ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob, yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam.

Ntxiv rau cov qauv Czech, Polish thiab Danish, cov tub rog German siv rab phom tiv thaiv Askiv thiab Soviet hauv qhov ntau. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1940, ntau tus riam phom tau tso tseg los ntawm Askiv ntawm Dunkirk raug ntes hauv Fabkis. Ntawm ntau qhov kev qhuas yog ntau pua pua 13, 9-mm PTR Cov Tub Mk I.

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Duab

Tus qauv Askiv tsis sawv hauv nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank tsim nyob rau nruab nrab-30s. Riam phom nrog qhov ntev tag nrho ntawm 1626 mm, tsis muaj mos txwv, hnyav 16.3 kg. Ib phau ntawv xov xwm rau tsib puag ncig tau ntxig los ntawm saum toj no, thiab yog li ntawd qhov pom tau hloov mus rau tus txheeb ze sab laug rau lub thoob. Lawv suav nrog lub ntsej muag pom tom ntej thiab lub diopter pom nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm 300 thiab 500 m, tau teeb tsa ntawm tus ncej. Riam phom reloading tau nqa tawm ntawm tus kheej nrog qhov ntev ntawm txoj kab zawv zawg nrog tig. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws - txog li 10 rds / min. Kev tua tau ua tiav nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm T-shaped folding bipod, ntawm pob tw muaj kev txhawb nqa ntxiv-monopod.

Rau PTR "Boyes", tau txais kev pabcuam hauv tebchaws Askiv xyoo 1937, siv cov mos txwv nrog ob hom mos txwv. Thaum xub thawj, siv lub mos txwv nrog lub mos txwv los tua, uas muaj cov hlau tawv tawv. Ib lub mos txwv hnyav 60 g tawm ntawm lub thoob nrog thawj qhov nrawm ntawm 760 m / s thiab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m ntawm lub kaum sab xis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 16 hli hlau phom phom phaj ntawm qhov nruab nrab hardness. Ib lub mos txwv 47.6 g nrog rau cov tub ntxhais tungsten muaj cov cuab yeej nkag mus siab dua. Nws nrawm mus rau qhov nrawm ntawm 884 m / s, thiab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 70 ° nws tau hlais 20 mm cov cuab yeej. Yog li, 13.9 hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank tsuas yog tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab tsheb tiv thaiv.

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Duab

Xyoo 1940, Cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog Askiv "Boyes" tau txais los ntawm pab tub rog German nyob rau hauv kev tsim 13.9-mm Panzerabwehrbüchse 782 (e) thiab tau nquag siv thaum lub sijhawm pib ua tsov rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob. Tsis tas li, cov PTRs no muaj nyob hauv pab tub rog Finnish.

Txij li xyoo 1942, Cov neeg German siv tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm 14.5-mm PTR tsim los ntawm V. A. Degtyarev thiab S. G. Simonov. PTRD-41 tau txais lub npe Panzerbüchse 783 (r), thiab PTRS-41-Panzerbüchse 784 (r).

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Duab

Piv rau British PTR "Boyes" Soviet phom muaj cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus zoo dua. Kev txhaj tshuaj ib leeg PTRD-41 chambered rau 14.5x114 mm muaj qhov ntev ntawm 2000 mm thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 17.5 kg. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, kev nkag mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej ntawm BS-41 nrog lub tungsten carbide core raws li ib txwm yog 40 hli, los ntawm 300 m nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus tau 30 hli armor. Txawm li cas los xij, cov mos txwv nrog cov cuab yeej-tho qhov phom sij BS-32 thiab BS-39, uas muaj cov tawv tawv ua los ntawm U12A thiab U12XA cov cuab yeej hlau, tau hnyav dua. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 m, lawv cov cuab yeej nkag mus tau yog 22-25 mm. Kev sib ntaus tua hluav taws PTRD-41-8-10 rds / min. Cov neeg sib ntaus sib tua - ob tus neeg. Tus kheej thauj khoom PTRS-41 ua haujlwm raws li cov txheej txheem tsis siv neeg nrog tshem tawm cov hmoov av, muaj cov ntawv xov xwm rau 5 puag ncig, thiab hnyav dua li Degtyarev's phom tiv thaiv lub tank. Qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom hauv qhov chaw tua yog 22 kg. Txawm li cas los xij, Simonov rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau nrawm dua li PTRD-41-15 ncig ib feeb.

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Duab

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Cov Neeg German muaj lub siab tawv txhawm rau ntes ntau txhiab lub Soviet tiv thaiv lub tank foob pob hluav taws. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1942, nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, cov tub rog tshiab tau tsim thiab tshem tawm rau kev rov tsim kho tshiab tau pib txais PzB 783 (r) hauv cov lej pom, uas tau nquag siv hauv kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam nyob rau sab qab teb. Ua raws li qhov tseeb tias nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd hauv Red Army muaj tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsheb qub BT thiab T-26, nrog rau lub teeb T-60 thiab T-70 lub teeb T-60s thiab T-70s tsim hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, ntes tau 14, 5-mm PTR pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Tshwj xeeb uas muaj zog Soviet-ua phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau siv los ntawm ntu ntawm Waffen SS. Hauv ib nrab ntawm kev ua tsov rog thib ob, tom qab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees hloov mus rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, tus naj npawb ntawm PTR raug ntes tau poob qis, thiab tsis tas yuav muaj mos txwv txaus rau lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, 14.5 hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank tseem ua haujlwm nrog tub rog German mus txog rau hnub kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog.

Raws li kev tsim cov phom loj tiv thaiv phom loj tau nce ntxiv hauv USSR, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau poob qis. Hauv kev txuas nrog kev nce ntxiv hauv kev tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, qhov muaj peev xwm thiab qhov hnyav ntawm PTR tau nce, qhov piv txwv loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank tuaj ze rau lub tshuab siv phom loj.

Xyoo 1940, ntawm Mauser cog hauv nroog Oberndorf am Neckar, kev tsim khoom ntawm 2, 8 cm schwere Panzerbüchse 41 "phom tiv thaiv lub tank" tau pib, uas, los ntawm txhua qhov taw qhia, tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi los ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank. Qhov hnyav PTR s. PzB.41 tau tsim los ntawm kev xaj ntawm cov tub rog lub teeb thiab lub roob ntawm Wehrmacht, nrog rau pab tub rog caij nkoj ntawm Luftwaffe. Txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov av ntxhib heev, thaum tsaws ntawm huab cua thiab amphibious kev ua phem, yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab tiv thaiv lub tank uas tsis qis dua hauv kev ua haujlwm rau 37-mm PaK 35/36 phom, tab sis nrog kev txav tau zoo dua, muaj peev xwm disassembled rau hauv qhov chaw thiab haum rau nqa hauv pob.

Thaum txheeb xyuas txhua qhov kev xaiv ua tau, cov kws tsim qauv ntawm Renmetall lub tuam txhab txiav txim siab siv lub qhov nqaj nqaj nqaj txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej tiv thaiv thiab thaum tswj tuav lub zog me me. Tus neeg tsim khoom ntawm riam phom nrog lub qhov nqaj nqaim yog tus kws tsim khoom German Karl Puff, uas nyob rau xyoo 1903 tau ua daim ntawv foob phom nrog hom phom thiab cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb rau nws. Hauv 20-30s, tus kws tsim khoom German Hermann Gerlich tau koom tes nrog rau cov ncauj lus no, uas tau ua ntau qhov kev sim ntawm German Lub Tsev Haujlwm Kuaj Xyuas Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob hauv Berlin. Cov kev sim tau pom tias kev siv cov kab xev sib dhos ua ke nrog cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb nrog cov menyuam tuaj yeem tsoo tau tuaj yeem ua rau nce qhov pib nrawm ntawm qhov projectile, thiab vim li ntawd, nkag mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom riam phom no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim cov phom phom thiab xav tau siv cov khoom kim thiab tsis tshua muaj tungsten nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv phom.

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Duab

Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1940, tau sim ua 30 qhov hnyav tiv thaiv lub tank foob pob hluav taws tau sim ntawm Kummersdorf kev qhia hauv av, tom qab ntawd tau muab riam phom tso rau hauv kev pabcuam. PTR s. PzB.41 muaj rab phom monoblock phom nrog lub qhov ncauj nres hnyav 37 kg. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm lub thoob yog qhov muaj ib feem ntawm lub khob hliav qab - thaum pib, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov phom ntev yog 28 hli, thaum kawg, ntawm qhov ncauj - 20 hli.

Qhov kev tsim qauv no ua kom muaj kev txuag ntawm kev nce siab hauv lub thoob ntau tshaj ntawm qhov projectile nrawm ntu thiab, raws li, qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov siab muzzle tshaj tawm. Lub siab hauv lub thoob thaum raug rho tawm mus txog 3800 kgf / cm². Tus nqi rau qhov nrawm ntawm qhov ncauj yog qhov txo qis hauv cov peev txheej, uas tsis pub tshaj 500 puag ncig. Txij li thaum lub zog rov qab los tseem ceeb heev, cov cuab yeej rov qab tau siv. Kev ntub dej ntawm cov thoob dej thaum lub sijhawm tua thiab lub hom phiaj tau ua tiav nrog kev pab los ntawm hydraulic damper. Txhawm rau tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj, pom qhov muag pom los ntawm 37-mm PTO PaK 35/36 thiab lub tshuab qhib pom nrog pom tag nrho pem hauv ntej tau siv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hom phiaj tua hluav taws yog 500 m. Tus nqi sib ntaus ntawm hluav taws yog 20 rds / min. Qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus ntawm lub tshuab log - 227 kg.

Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm rab phom yog lub peev xwm tua hluav taws, ob leeg los ntawm lub log thiab ncaj qha los ntawm lub tshuab qis. Lub log taug kev tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv 30-40 vib nas this, thiab kev suav yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw nquag. Qhov no tau ua kom yooj yim rau kev nkaum thiab siv s. PzB.41 hauv qhov nqes hav ntawm thawj kab kev tiv thaiv. Yog tias tsim nyog, rab phom tau yooj yim disassembled rau hauv 5 qhov hnyav 20-57 kg.

Duab
Duab

Txog rau kev tsaws thiab cov roob, qhov hnyav uas muaj qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm 139 kg tau tsim ntawm cov log me me. Lub 28/20-mm system tsis muaj cov lus qhia ntsug thiab kab rov tav, lub hom phiaj tau ua los ntawm kev tig qhov tig thiab viav vias ib feem ntawm rab phom. Thaj, raws li qhov tshwj xeeb no, s. PzB.41 hauv Tebchaws Yelemees tau suav tias tsis yog rab phom loj, tabsis yog phom phom tiv thaiv lub tank.

Duab
Duab

S. PzB.41 qhov kev nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej ua tau zoo heev rau qhov muaj peev xwm me me. Ib rab phom-tho sabot projectile 2, 8 cm Pzgr. 41 hnyav 124 g nrawm rau hauv lub thoob mus rau 1430 m / s. Raws li German cov ntaub ntawv, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm 60 °, qhov projectile nkag mus rau 52 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, thiab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 300 m - 46 mm. Kev nkag mus thaum tsoo ntawm kaum sab xis yog 94 thiab 66 hli, feem. Yog li, qhov hnyav tiv thaiv lub tank foob pob hluav taws s. PzB.41 ntawm qhov luv luv tuaj yeem ua tiav sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nthuav dav ntau ntawm hnyav 28/20-mm PTR raug txwv los ntawm qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm kev tsim cov raj kheej kheej thiab tsis muaj tungsten rau cov tub rog-tho qhov cores. Kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej no xav tau kev tsim khoom lag luam siab tshaj plaws thiab cov cuab yeej siv hlau niaj hnub tshaj plaws. Txog rau thaum ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1943, 2,797 lub foob pob hnyav tiv thaiv lub tank s. PzB.41 thiab 1,602 txhiab lub tsho tiv thaiv riam phom tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.

Hnyav PTR s. Pz. B.41 tau ua haujlwm pabcuam nrog rau cov tub rog, cov tub rog tsis muaj zog, tsav tsheb, cov tub rog hauv roob thiab cov tub rog sib cais ntawm Wehrmacht thiab SS pab tub rog, nrog rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv tshav dav hlau thiab tshav dav hlau ntawm Luftwaffe. Qee cov phom nkag mus cais cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank. Txawm hais tias kev tsim cov s. Pz. B.41 tau tso tseg xyoo 1943, lawv tau siv kom txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua siab phem. Qhov xwm txheej tshiab kawg ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus cuam tshuam nrog Berlin kev ua haujlwm.

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