Qhov tshwm sim rau RF Cov Tub Rog Ua Haujlwm thaum ua tiav lossis tsis ua tiav ntawm NGSW txoj haujlwm
Hauv tsab xov xwm dhau los, peb tau tshuaj xyuas seb yuav nqis tes ua dab tsi thaum ua tiav ib nrab ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm Kev Tsim Kho Tom Ntej Squad Riam Phom (NGSW), thaum cov koom nrog hauv qhov program tsis tuaj yeem tsim riam phom uas ib txhij ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv hauv kev nkag mus thiab muaj cuab yeej ua rog siab, ua ke nrog kev thim rov qab tsis haum, thiab qhov siv tau ntawm riam phom.
Hauv qhov no, riam phom tsim nyob rau hauv NGSW txoj haujlwm yuav nyob hauv qhov tshwj xeeb hauv Asmeskas cov tub rog hauv daim ntawv ntawm NGSW-AR lub teeb tshuab rab phom thiab cov phom loj NGSW-R. Tib lub sijhawm, feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog Asmeskas yuav ua tub rog nrog cov riam phom ib txwm nyob rau 5, 56x45 mm, lossis riam phom rau cov mos txwv muaj zog me ntsis, piv txwv li, raws li 6, 5x39 Grendel lossis 6, 8x43 Rem SPC cartridges.
Cov lus teb ntawm Lavxias cov tub rog thiab kev lag luam hauv rooj plaub no tuaj yeem nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev txhim kho tus nqi qis ntawm kev tsim cov riam phom uas twb muaj lawm, xws li rab phom Pecheneg tshuab, SVD / SHF phom sniper thiab Kalashnikov phom loj lossis tshuab lub teeb phom, nrog rau cov mos txwv rau lawv ntawm caliber 7, 62x54R, 7, 62x39 mm lossis 5, 45x39 mm.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov neeg koom nrog hauv NGSW txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem tsim cov riam phom uas ib txhij muab qhov nce ntxiv hauv qhov ntau thiab cov cuab yeej nkag mus tau zoo, ua ke nrog kev thim rov qab tsis txaus thiab qhov ua tau zoo, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua nrog kev txhim kho yooj yim. ntawm cov riam phom thiab mos txwv uas twb muaj lawm. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav txiav txim siab qhov kev xaiv rau kev txiav txim siab teb tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm kev lag luam raws li kev nyiam ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Lavxias Lavxias
Raws li kev hais ua ntej, koj tuaj yeem hais cov lus ntawm Alexei Sorokin, tus thawj coj ntawm Tula TsKIB SOO:.
Thiab ib qho ntxiv digression:.
Treasured 6.5 hli
Txij li thaum tuaj txog ntawm cov phom sib sau ua ke rau cov caj npab me me, suav tsis txheeb cov mos txwv ntawm ntau yam calibers thiab lub hom phiaj tau raug rho tawm haujlwm. Tej zaum los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, kev tshawb nrhiav cov mos txwv zoo tshaj tau pib, ua ntej rau phom thiab tshuab rab phom, thiab tom qab ntawd rau rab phom tshuab, uas txuas ntxiv mus rau niaj hnub no tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau nplooj ntawv ntawm cov peev txheej tshwj xeeb hauv Internet, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov tuam txhab tiv thaiv thiab cov koom haum. Feem ntau, hauv kev tshawb nrhiav "qhov zoo tshaj" qhov ntsuas, nws tsis nco qab tias lub mos txwv txoj kab uas hla tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov mos txwv, thiab cov cartridges nrog cov hauv paus sib txawv yam ntxwv tuaj yeem pom hauv tib lub peev xwm.
Feem ntau, kev xaiv cov mos txwv zoo tshaj plaws yog cov lus dab neeg, ib qho uas tuaj yeem suav nrog qhov kev xav thoob plaws tias 6, 5 mm caliber cartridge tau thov hauv xyoo 1913 los ntawm tus tsim V. G. Fedorov xyoo 1913, daim cartridge 6, 5x57 mm rau rab phom tsis siv neeg ntawm nws tus kheej tsim. Rau daim cartridge 6, 5x57 mm V. G. Fedorov tsim tsis yog tus qauv nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem muaj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv mos txwv nrog tungsten alloy cores.
Lub 6, 5x57 mm cartridge yeej tsis tau siv los ntawm Lavxias, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tub rog Soviet, nrog rau qhov uas nws muaj peev xwm tham txog nws qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tsuas yog hauv cov ntawv keeb kwm kev xaiv.
Qhov kawg ntawm XIX - pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, ntau daim cartridges ntawm caliber 6, 5 mm tau raug rho tawm - cov no yog Italian cartridge 6, 5 × 52 mm Mannlicher -Carcano, thiab Swedish 6, 5 × 55SE mm Swedish Mauser, thiab Japanese 6, 5 × 50SR Arisaka, uas V. G. Fedorov siv 6, 5x57 mm hloov ntawm nws tus kheej daim cartridge hauv nws rab phom.
Thaum kawg, nyob rau xyoo pua 20th, cov cartridges ntawm caliber 7, 62 mm thiab lub zog qis qis ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm 5, 45/5, 56 mm tau los ntawm cov npoo loj. Coj mus rau hauv tus account cov peev txheej uas lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb tau nqis peev hauv kev tshawb fawb tiv thaiv, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev xaiv no tsis muaj tseeb.
Txawm li cas los xij, keeb kwm tab tom ua kauv, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev cog lus 6-7 mm mos txwv tej zaum yuav xav tau hauv kev cia siab rau riam phom
Soviet txoj cai
Hauv USSR, kev tshawb fawb ib puag ncig ntawm kev cog lus tias yuav muaj riam phom me me thiab mos txwv rau lawv. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm tsab xov xwm dhau los Kev hloov pauv ntawm rab phom tshuab hauv USSR thiab hauv tebchaws Russia hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm American NGSW txoj haujlwm, qhov ntsuas ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau ua nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev sib tw rau rab phom tshuab rau cov cuab yeej "Warrior" tseem tsis tau ze rau qhov uas tau ua tiav hauv USSR, hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev daws teeb meem zoo ib yam.
Cov mos txwv nthuav rau cov caj npab me me, uas tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv txaus, yog 6x49 mm cartridge, tsim nyob rau xyoo 80s lig ntawm lub xyoo pua XX los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering (TsNIITOCHMASH). 6x49 mm cartridge yog rab phom thiab rab phom tshuab tsim los kom yeej lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kheej lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev (NIB) nyob deb li ntawm 1000 meters. Tus ua ntej ntawm 6x49 mm cartridge yog 6x54 mm cartridge, tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1975, nrog thawj qhov nrawm ntawm 5 gram mos txwv ntawm 1080 m / s. Lub zog ntawm lub mos txwv ntawm 6x54 mm cartridge hauv qee ntu ntawm txoj hauv kev hla dhau, thiab hauv lwm qhov nws tau piv rau lub zog ntawm lub mos txwv ntawm daim cartridge 7, 62x54R.
6x49 mm cartridge muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo dua piv rau 6x54 mm cartridge nrog qhov me me. Ib lub mos txwv hnyav 5 grams ua rau nrawm ntawm 1150 m / s, thaum lub zog rov ua haujlwm yog 25-30% tsawg dua li ntawm daim cartridge 7, 62x54R.
Hauv qab daim ntawv no, tau tsim cov qauv ntawm caj npab me me-TKB-0145K cov phom ntev phom tsim los ntawm TsKIB SOO thiab SVK, SVK-S.
Pom tseeb, 6x49 mm daim cartridge yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cog lus tias yuav siv cov mos txwv tsim hauv USSR / Russia. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau riam phom uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ua tus sib tw rau rab phom tsis siv neeg tsim nyob hauv Asmeskas txoj haujlwm NGSW?
Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo nyob rau hauv NGSW txoj haujlwm, feem ntau ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog yuav ua tub rog nrog cov riam phom ib txwm nyob rau 5, 56x45 mm, lossis nrog cov phom ntxiv raws li daim cartridges ntawm hom 6, 5x39 Grendel lossis 6, 8x43 Rem SPC nrog thawj lub zog 2000-2600 J. Thiab thaum muaj xwm txheej ua tiav, thawj lub zog ntawm kev cog lus cog lus ntawm lub peev xwm 6, 8 hli NGSW tuaj yeem kwv yees li 4300 J. Qhov no ntau dua li daim cartridge 7, 62x51 thiab ntau tshaj li daim cartridge.30-06 Springfield (7, 62 × 63 mm) siv hauv Asmeskas M1 Garand phom loj.
Thawj lub zog mos txwv ntawm 6x49 mm cartridge yog kwv yees li 3300 J, nws tuaj yeem yuav nce ntxiv mus rau 3500-3700 J. Qhov no yog qhov qis dua li ntawm qhov kev cia siab Asmeskas daim cartridge ntawm 6, 8 mm NGSW caliber, tab sis ntawm no muaj qhov tsis ntseeg hais tias nws yog ib yam xav tau kom tau txais riam phom tsis siv neeg chambered rau ib daim cartridge nrog thawj lub zog ntawm 4300 J, nws yog lwm yam kom tau txais qhov tseeb. Nws yuav zoo li Asmeskas cov tub rog yuav tsum "txiav lub sturgeon", thiab hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho, Tebchaws Asmeskas yuav los rau tib yam 3500-3700 J.
Lwm qhov kev sib cav yog tias txawm tias cov neeg Asmeskas tswj hwm los tsim riam phom uas tso cai rau lawv tua hluav taws nrog rab phom nrog thawj lub zog ntawm 4300 J, tom qab ntawd ntawm qhov ntev nws yuav plam qhov tseeb rau qhov riam phom tsis siv neeg ntawm qhov teeb tsa zoo sib xws, ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm daim cartridge nrog lub zog qis. Yog li, riam phom chambered rau 6, 8 mm NGSW nrog thawj lub zog ntawm 4300 J yuav muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov ntev, piv txwv li, ntau dua 500 meters, thaum tua ib zaug txhaj, thiab riam phom tsim rau 6x49 mm cartridge nrog thawj lub zog ntawm 3300 J yuav muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov luv dua, piv txwv li, mus txog 500 m, thaum tua hluav taws luv.
Kev tua ntau-ntev, ntxiv rau qhov tsim nyog thiab txaus ntsuas ntawm cov riam phom-rab phom sib dhos, tseem xav tau cov txuj ci sib xws los ntawm tus tua. Nws tsis ntseeg tias txhua tus tub rog Asmeskas cov tub rog yuav tuaj yeem paub txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov riam phom no, thiab hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, riam phom chambered rau lub zog loj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm Marxman riam phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tua hluav taws tuaj yeem raug tua ob leeg nrog rab phom chambered rau daim ntawv cog lus cog lus 6, 8 mm NGSW, thiab chambered rau 6x49 mm.
Kev nkag mus ntawm NIB niaj hnub no thiab yav tom ntej ntawm qhov hluav taws kub zoo yuav tsum yog kwv yees tib yam rau ob daim cartridges. Kev kwv yees qis zog ntawm 6x49 mm cartridge, piv rau 6, 8 mm NGSW cartridge, tau them nyiaj los ntawm yuav luag 30% ntawm thaj chaw loj dua ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub mos txwv. Ib cheeb tsam ntawm 6 mm mos txwv yog 28.3 mm2, ib rab phom 6.8 mm yog 36.3 mm2, rau 6x49 mm cartridge nrog 3300 J nws yog 117 J / mm2, rau 6.8 mm cartridge nrog 4300 J nws yog 118 J / mm2 … Raws li, yog thawj lub zog ntawm 6x49 mm cartridge tau nce mus rau 3500 J, thiab 6.8 mm NGSW cartridge raug txo mus rau 3700 J, tom qab ntawv cov duab no yuav yog 124 J / mm2 thiab 102 J / mm2, feem. Tau kawg, cov no yog cov lej feem ntau, vim tias ntau yuav txiav txim siab los ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov tub ntxhais carbide, lub zog ntawm lub mos txwv thiab lwm yam.
Riam phom chambered rau 6x49 mm
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv 6x49 mm cartridge hloov ntawm daim cartridge nruab nrab yog qee yam tshiab. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj, 6x49 mm cartridge tau xub xub txiav txim siab tias yog cov mos txwv ib leeg rau kev cia siab rau rab phom sniper, phom ntev thiab rab phom tshuab, txawm hais tias tsis muaj ntaub ntawv txaus ntseeg txog rab phom loj. Kev sim ua piv txwv ntawm riam phom chambered rau 6x49 mm tau raug sim-phom ntev phom TKB-0145K thiab SVK, SVK-S, rab phom tshuab raws PKM thiab suav tias yog phom ntev raws AN-94 "Abakan".
Puas yog rab phom AN-94 tuaj yeem rov yug los ua tus noog Phoenix thiab dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev cia siab phom ntev raws li 6x49 mm cartridge? Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov tsim qauv ntawm AN-94 tau tsim los zoo li cas, thiab nws yuav ua haujlwm li cas nrog 6x49 mm cartridge, uas muaj zog dua li 5, 45x39 mm. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom AN-94 yog nws siv lub tshuab saib xyuas hluav taws nrog lub zog txav rov los, uas yuav muaj peev xwm tso cai tua hluav taws muaj zog 6x49 hli puag ncig hauv qhov tawg me me nrog qhov lees paub raug thiab raug. Tej zaum, lub ntsuas hluav taws tau siv hauv ib lossis ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm riam phom tsim nyob hauv NGSW txoj haujlwm.
Cov phiaj xwm thauj khoom kuj tseem siv hauv kev sim Stechkin tshuab rab phom TKB-0146, tsim los ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tw Abakan. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias Stechkin phom ntev TKB-0146 tau poob qhov kev sim, nws tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm qib tshiab thiab suav tias yog lwm yam piv txwv ntawm riam phom chambered rau 6x49 hli. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov muag pom tseeb, TKB-0146 lub cuab yeej zoo li yooj yim dua li ntawm AN-94. Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov xav tau ob zaug rov nkag rau hauv phom Stechkin tuaj yeem daws tau hauv ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov.
Tsis tas li, hauv lub tshuab cog lus raws TKB-0146, kev txhim kho tau thaum tsim cov foob pob hluav taws tsis siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm 5, 45A-91, 7, 62A-91 thiab ADS (Ob-nruab nrab tshwj xeeb tshuab tsis siv neeg) tsim los ntawm KBP JSC (Tula)) tuaj yeem coj mus rau hauv tus account …
Yog li, hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muaj peev xwm sib tw ntawm Lavxias, hauv kev teb rau Asmeskas NGSW txoj haujlwm, ob tus neeg tuaj yeem koom nrog-kev txhawj xeeb Kalashnikov nrog rab phom AN-94 thiab KBP JSC / TsKIB SOO ceg nrog TKB-0146 phom ntev. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm rab phom tshuab cog lus rau ib tus 6x49 mm cartridge, raws li nws tau npaj tseg, rab phom tshuab, piv txwv li, raws li lub tshuab Pecheneg rab phom, thiab rab phom ntev, raws li lub qhov cub microwave, yuav tsum tsim
Tsis tas li, txhawm rau txo qis rov qab los ntawm kev cia siab rau riam phom, tuaj yeem siv hom kaw qhov ncauj nres (DTC). Ntxiv rau qhov txo qis hauv kev thim rov qab, kaw hom DCTs txo qis qhov ci ntawm lub qhov ncauj nyem thiab txo lub suab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj mus rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig uas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev hnov lus - koj tuaj yeem tua sab hauv tsev yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Thaum tua los ntawm txoj haujlwm yooj yim, riam phom nrog lub tsheb kaw hom ua kom muaj hmoov av tsawg dua. DTK kaw hom tuaj yeem siv nrog lub tshuab luam ntawv nrawm dua. Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis zoo li cov mufflers, kaw hom DTK raug tso cai hauv Russia rau kev siv pej xeem.
Qhov hnyav ntawm lub tank-hom foob pob tawg yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov koob yees duab thiab qhov nruab nrab los ntawm 400 grams (cov txheej txheem) mus rau 900 grams (tshuab rab phom qauv). Titanium alloy khoom hnyav txog 30-40% tsawg dua. Hauv kev tsim khoom kaw hom DTK los ntawm titanium los ntawm 3D luam ntawv, raws li nws tau kwv yees rau qee qhov piv txwv ntawm riam phom tsim raws li NGSW txoj haujlwm, lawv qhov hnyav yuav txo qis dua, thiab lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm yuav nce ntxiv.
Piv txwv li, lub kaw hom foob pob hluav taws ntawm Rotor-43 lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem tiv taus hluav taws tawg tau yooj yim, txawm tias muaj cov mos txwv zoo li 7, 62x54R. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub nplaim taws yuav luag raug tshem tawm tag nrho, lub suab nrov tau txo los ntawm 120-140 dB txog 72-78 dB. DTK tau muab tso rau hauv rab phom sai sai thiab tseem raug tshem tawm sai sai; kev hloov kho ntxiv rau qhov riam phom pom tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua. Tsis tas li, hloov pauv daim nyias nyias thiab kho tsis tu ncua tsis tas yuav tsum tau - "poom" ntawm DTK yog tus kheej tshuab.
Kev siv kaw hom DCTs ua los ntawm cov hlau nplaum titanium los ntawm 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho ntawm kev coj ua hauv kev txhim kho kev cia siab rau riam phom-cartridge complexes. Ua ke nrog lub phiaj xwm nqa phom, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov pauv caj npab me me los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm me, lub zog qis qis mus rau ib daim cartridge ntawm 6-7 mm caliber, nrog lub zog pib ntawm txog 3500 J. qib ntawm qhov kev siv cov phiaj xwm kev thim rov qab tsis tas yuav tsum tau, uas yuav ua rau nthuav dav cov npe riam phom uas muaj peev xwm siv tau rau kev hloov pauv chav rau 6x49 hli.
Epilogue
Vim li cas xyov 6x49 hli? Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim daim cartridge tshiab uas siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab? Tau kawg, kev tsim cov mos txwv tshiab uas siv qhov kev nce qib tshiab tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tshuab, nrog rau kev tsim khoom thev naus laus zis, yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov khoom lag luam nrog cov yam ntxwv siab dua li cov uas tuaj yeem paub hauv 6x49 mm cartridge.. Cov lus nug nkaus xwb yog tias lawv tau ua tam sim no thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau ua tiav li cas. Daim cartridge 6x49 mm, thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm nws cov khoom, nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm siab, tau ua tiav ntawm qib siab ncaj ncees. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv rov qab uas twb muaj lawm, 6x49 mm daim cartridge thiab riam phom rau nws tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws, uas yuav tso cai kom tau txais thiab teb raws sijhawm rau Asmeskas NGSW txoj haujlwm, yog tias nws tau ua tiav thaum ntxov. Tsis tas li, kev khaws cia rau 6x49 hli daim cartridge tuaj yeem siv ua lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho daim cartridge tshiab ntawm 6, 5-6, 8 mm caliber, yog tias pom tias tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, raws li tau hais ua ntej, txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub mos txwv yog nyob deb ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm daim cartridge nkaus xwb, thiab daim duab ntawm 6.5 hli tsis yog qhov tsim nyog txiav txim siab raws li cov lus teb rau txhua nqe lus nug.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias NGSW txoj haujlwm yuav nthuav tawm rau lub sijhawm. Hauv qhov no, nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau peb kom maj nrawm thiab peb tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim cov mos txwv zoo rau cov caj npab me nrog kev ua kom zoo dua qub, siv cov lus cog tseg ua cov ntsiab lus zoo, cov khoom siv thiab cov phiaj xwm phom sij. Tau kawg, qhov no ib tus tuaj yeem ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj kev rov qab los ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet, tab sis peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv kab lus tom ntej.
