Peb tsis muaj zog, tab sis yuav muaj lub cim
Rau txhua tus hordes qab koj phab ntsa -
Peb yuav sau lawv mus rau hauv lub nrig, Kom swb rau koj hauv kev ua tsov ua rog.
Kev poob cev qhev yuav tsis ua rau peb yuam kev
Peb yuav nyob hauv qhev rau ib puas xyoo, Tab sis thaum txaj muag smothers koj
Peb seev cev ntawm koj lub hleb …
("Nkauj ntawm Cov Duab" los ntawm Rudyard Kipling, txhais los ntawm I. Okazov)
Tsis ntev muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tub rog ntawm Scotland tau tshaj tawm cov ntawv tam sim ntawd tau xa mus nug qhia txog cov tub rog-Cov duab, cov neeg ua ntej ntawm cov neeg Scots heev uas cov lus Askiv huab tais Edward tau tawm tsam. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cov Duab yog dhau qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm koob "txog cov tub rog", tab sis txij li nws yog qhov txaus nyiam heev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia txog lawv hauv kev nthuav dav.
"Cov duab niaj hnub". Niaj hnub no nws yog kev zam los rov tsim kho cov qub qub. Muaj cov uas rov tsim lub neej ntawm Loos, Greeks, Assyrians (!), Ib yam li … elves, tsa khob "kev noj qab haus huv" (vodka nrog zib ntab) thiab khiav hla hav zoov qw: "Peb yog elves, peb yog elves! " Tab sis cov qw: "Peb yog Duab, peb yog Duab!" Thiab lawv muaj kev lom zem heev!
Yog li, Cov Duab yog cov neeg nyob hauv Scotland, uas raug Loos ntes, tab sis leej twg muaj lub sijhawm los tawm tsam Vikings. Thiab yog li lawv tau tawm tsam, lawv tawm tsam, tab sis lawv tus kheej tsoo. Poob lawm, ploj ntawm lwm haiv neeg, ntau npaum li ntawd tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev ntawm lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam ntawm lawv, tau kawg, tseem nyob. Tab sis xyov yog dab tsi. Thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov uas lawv tau nyob ua ke hauv lub sijhawm sau ntawv, thiab tseem muaj nws. Tab sis … tshwj tsis yog cov npe ntawm lawv cov vaj ntxwv, qhia txog lub sijhawm lawv kav, tsis muaj dab tsi sau los ntawm lawv tau muaj txoj sia nyob rau peb lub sijhawm. Peb tsis muaj Txoj Cai Kev Cai, keeb kwm, tsis muaj leej twg sau lub neej ntawm cov neeg ntseeg hauv nroog, tsis koom nrog kev sau lawv cov dab neeg, paj huam thiab kab lig kev cai. Tsis muaj ib kab lus tag nrho sau ua hom lus Pictish. Tau kawg, cov kws sau ntawv ntawm lwm haiv neeg tau sau txog lawv, txawm tias tib yam Julius Caesar. Tab sis tsuas yog qhov no tsis muab dab tsi tiag tiag, tsuas yog kab tias qhov kev paub zoo uas lawv tau siv thiab tau pleev xim xiav. Los yog txhawm rau npog koj lub cev nrog kev kos duab … Tsuas yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Daim Duab txiav cov pob zeb tau nqis los rau peb, uas yog, cov duab ntawm pob zeb, tab sis lawv … tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus me me. Tsis muaj cov ntawv sau nyob ib sab ntawm lawv, thiab peb tsuas tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov lawv tab tom qhia txog!
37 nplooj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv piv txwv yuav tsum txaus rau koj txiav txim siab yuav yuav phau ntawv no lossis tsis yog!
Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau qhov kev xav tib yam txog lawv keeb kwm (kom zoo siab ntawm cov sau phau ntawv ntawm kev npau suav!). Raws li ib tus, lawv yog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Proto-Indo-European cov neeg nyob, raws li lwm tus, lawv yog cov txheeb ze ntawm Iberians los ntawm Spain, lossis tseem yog cov neeg nyob ua ntej Indo-European nyob hauv Europe.
Phau ntawv no los ntawm David Nicolas tau sau los ntawm nws rov qab rau xyoo 1984, tab sis nws tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam.
Xijpeem nws yog lawv yog, lawv tau tawm tsam kev tsov kev rog, yog li peb yuav tham txog cov tub rog-Cov duab no. Zoo, zoo ib yam, pib nrog keeb kwm keeb kwm, uas yog, nrog leej twg twb tau sau txog nws, yam koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntawm lub ncauj lus no koj tus kheej.
Paul Wagner tau sau, tau kawg, phau ntawv zoo heev thiab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm Daim Duab. Tab sis nws nyuaj nyeem me ntsis … Txawm hais tias qhov no yog qhov kev xav.
Phau ntawv nkag mus tau yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia yog kawm los ntawm Isabel Henderson, tus paub zoo txog tus poj niam Picts tus kws tshaj lij hauv tebchaws Askiv thiab tus sau ntau yam haujlwm, thawj qhov uas tau tshwm sim xyoo 1967: "Cov duab. Mysterious Warriors ntawm Ancient Scotland ". Muaj 37 nplooj ntawv qhia thawj zaug ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm no hauv Is Taws Nem thiab … hauv kuv lub tswv yim, koj yuav tsis xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev txhim kho kev ua yuam kev (tshwj tsis yog tias koj yog tus kiv cua ntawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm Daim Duab). Kev txhais lus zoo, tab sis phau ntawv nyuaj nyeem.
Peb phau ntawv muaj ua lus Askiv hnub no (thiab muaj ntau dua, tab sis kuv nyeem cov no) thiab ob ntawm lawv yog Osprey cov ntawv. Thawj phau ntawv los ntawm D. Nicholas "Arthur thiab kev ua tsov rog nrog Anglo-Saxons", thiab phau ntawv thib ob los ntawm Paul Wagner "Warriors-Picts 297 -841". Thawj daim duab raug muab tsis pub ntau tshaj ob nplooj ntawv, yog li koj tsis kawm ntau ntawm nws, qhov thib ob yog mob siab rau lawv. Tab sis qhov teeb meem yog Wagner nws tus kheej … yog neeg Australian los ntawm New South Wales (zoo, nws tau txaus siab rau hauv Daim Duab thiab tseem tau sau PhD rau lawv), yog li nws lus Askiv … tsis yog Oxford, thiab nws nyuaj dua nyeem nws tshaj li phau ntawv Askiv zoo ib yam. Nws tshuaj xyuas ob qho tib si tattoos ntawm Cov Duab thiab lawv cov pob zeb kos duab, hauv ib lo lus, nws txoj haujlwm tau dhau los ua qhov txaus nyiam.
Phau Foster yog qhov nyuaj: muaj Daim Duab, thiab Scots, thiab Welsh …
Zoo, tam sim no peb tau pom tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Cov Duab hauv Lavxias thiab ua lus Askiv, cia peb tig mus rau lawv li kev ua tub rog tiag.
Kev tawm tsam ntawm Cov tub rog Pictish ntawm Roman fort. Txhuv. Wayne Reynolds: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Yuav pib nrog, kev qiv ntau hom riam phom tshwm sim sai heev hauv kev ua tsov rog. Piv txwv li, hauv ib qho ntawm nws cov ntawv sau, zoo ib yam D. Nicole muab daim duab ntawm lub tais, uas piav qhia txog Saracen tus neeg caij tsheb nrog lub ntsej muag daim duab peb sab. Tab sis, pom tseeb, nws twb yog lub sijhawm sib txawv thiab tib neeg thiaj li txawj ntse.
Roman cov tub rog hauv tebchaws Askiv, c. 400 AD Cov Duab, Britons, thiab Saxons, txhua tus ntawm lawv tau ua ntej lawv qhov muag piv txwv ntawm Roman kev ua tub rog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ntau pua xyoo dhau los ntawm Lub Tebchaws. Cov no yog qhov zoo kawg, tab sis tsis muaj lub kaus mom hlau tsis zoo ntawm cov tub rog ua tub rog, thiab cov saw xa ntawv, uas cov neeg txawv tebchaws tuaj yeem tau txais zoo li khoom plig, thiab "zuag" lub kaus mom hlau los ntawm ob qhov chaw thwj cim, thiab daim thaiv loj loj. Cov neeg Loos lawv tus kheej nyob rau lub sijhawm no tsis tau nrhiav lub nra hnyav rau lawv tus kheej. Kev cob qhia thiab kev qhuab qhia ua pov thawj kom muaj zog dua li kev npau taws ntawm cov neeg barbarians, thiab cov neeg Loos lawv tus kheej pom tias kev txav mus los thiab kev tiv thaiv ua ke tau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li txawm tias tsim cov legionnaires hnav khaub ncaws hnav. Txhuv. Angus McBride.
Vim tias Cov Duab, sib ntaus cov neeg Loos thiab ua ntej lawv lub qhov muag lawv cov riam phom thiab kev ua tub rog, tsis coj los ntawm lawv! Hauv daim duab kos duab, nws tsis yooj yim sua, piv txwv li, kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog, tshwj tsis yog rau ib lossis ob daim duab uas lub tsho tawv tawv tuaj yeem piav qhia. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm tau pom muaj ib feem ntawm cov hlau phom loj los ntawm Karpov hauv Perthshire, nrog rau cov phaj me me uas zoo li daim hlau rau Roman armor lorica squamata. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho ntawm cov kev tshawb pom no muaj teeb meem. Nws yog tej zaum Roman cov cuab yeej ua rog uas tau ua tsis tiav nyob hauv thaj tsam Pictish. Txawm tias lub kaus mom hlau tsis tshua muaj; lub pob zeb Aberlem piav txog cov neeg caij nees uas hnav lub kaus mom hlau zoo nrog lub qhov ntswg ntev thiab daim npog sab plhu, zoo ib yam li pom ntawm Coppergate thiab Benti Grange, tab sis lawv pom meej tsis yog Daim Duab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog kev xav ntawm Paul Wagner thiab peb yuav tsum suav nrog nws. Pob Zeb ntawm Mordakh qhia rau peb paub cov duab coj txawv txawv, uas zoo li tau hnav lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub qhov taub, tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm tau pom tsuas yog ib feem ntawm lub kaus mom hlau, thiab ntxiv, nws tsis paub tias nws yog leej twg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav raug tso cai los ua pov thawj tias muaj lub siab dawb paug - yog vim li cas lawv txhua tus thiaj paub tib yam! - Txawm li cas los xij muaj lub kaus mom hlau, thiab tej zaum tej cuab yeej ua los ntawm cov phaj hlau.
Roman-British horseman ntawm 5th-6th centuries - uas yog, lub sijhawm thaum cov neeg Loos lawv tus kheej tawm hauv tebchaws Askiv, tab sis ntau ntawm lawv cov kev coj noj coj ua thiab cov riam phom nyuaj tseem raug khaws cia rau ntawd. Txhuv. Cai Richard Hook.
Cov duab sib ntaus sib tua zoo nkauj yog rab ntaj nrog rab ntaj ncaj, rhombic lossis nrog tus puv thiab tus ntoo khaub lig me. Tsuas yog qee qhov tawg ntawm Daim duab ntaj ntaj, La Tene style, thiab zoo ib yam li Anglo-Saxon sawv daws tau pom. Cov duab hauv daim duab qhia pom sib npaug, cov hniav dav nrog cov ntsiab lus sib npaug sib txawv, txawm hais tias lawv qhov ntev tsis yooj yim los txiav txim. Cov duab ntawm cov lus qhia no qhia peb txog cov txheej txheem sib ntaus. Ntawd yog, Cov txheej txheem ntaj Pictish tau ua raws lawv ntaus, thiab tsis yog rau kev ntaus!
Cov tub rog ntawm pawg neeg Caledonian (ib ntawm pab pawg ntawm cov neeg Celtic ua ntej ntawm Scotland), c. AD 200 xyoo nrog lawv tus yam ntxwv, ntxiv rau Daim Duab, riam phom, suav nrog daim ntaub thaiv npog. Txhuv. Wayne Reynolds: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Spears, tau kawg, yog, thiab lawv tau piav qhia nrog cov lus qhia loj. Lawv tseem paub tias muaj ib txhais tes thiab ob txhais tes sib ntaus sib tua. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias rau feem ntau ntawm Celtic cov zej zog, darts yog lub hom phiaj ua phem loj. Qee lub sij hawm lawv raug pov nrog txoj hlua khi rau ntawm tus ncej.
Cov duab riam phom thiab cov cuab yeej ua rog, suav nrog lawv cov ntaub thaiv npog zoo ib yam. Tus lej 7 qhia txog tus ntoo khaub lig Roman Solenarion. Txhuv. Wayne Reynolds: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm Tus Ntoo Khaub Lig ntawm Dupplin thiab Pob Zeb ntawm Sueno, Cov Duab tau piav qhia ua tub rog nrog hneev, qhia tias kev tua hneev taw tau paub rau lawv. Thiab tsis tsuas yog los ntawm dos. Cov duab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig Roman Solenarion kuj tau nqis los rau peb, kev siv uas tseem tau lees paub los ntawm kev pom cov hneev taub taub hau ntawm xyoo pua 7th - 8th. Cov riam phom no muaj tus nqi hluav taws tsawg thiab tsuas yog pom hauv kev tua tsiaj, tab sis nws yuav tsim nyog xav tias nws qee zaum pom nws txoj kev mus rau hauv tshav rog thiab. Nws ntseeg tias Cov Duab kuj tseem siv tshwj xeeb rau menyuam yaus thiab cob qhia cov tub rog dev, uas tau maj nrawm rau ntawm tus yeeb ncuab thiab tom nws ob txhais ceg thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub cev uas tsis tas yuav npog nrog cov cuab yeej ua rog. Cov duab ntawm cov dev no tseem pom.
Cov tub rog caij nees 690. Cov neeg caij nees thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj, thiab tus neeg caij nees tau siv rab hmuv hnyav nrog cov nplooj ntoo zoo li tus ntoo khaub lig thiab rab rawg nrog peb rab phom. Txhuv. Wayne Reynolds: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Cov neeg caij nees hauv daim duab tau muaj daim thaiv npog nrog cov hemispherical embossings tom qab uas muaj tus tuav, thaum Daim Duab Tiag Tiag cov tub rog siv me puag ncig lossis daim thaiv plaub fab. Qhov tom kawg yog ntawm ob hom: daim thaiv npog plaub fab nrog lub umbilicus thiab ib lub xwmfab ib qho nrog qhov nqes rau saum thiab hauv qab, yog li hais lus, H-puab. Qhov ntxim nyiam, cov ntaub thaiv npog no tsis pom nyob qhov twg ntxiv, tsuas yog Daim Duab! Hauv qee qhov ntawm cov duab kos peb pom cov ntaub thaiv dai kom zoo nkauj, thiab nws muaj peev xwm tias cov ntaub thaiv npog tau npog nrog cov tawv tawv, ntxiv rau, lawv tuaj yeem dai nrog cov rivets tooj liab thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv.
Cov neeg yos hav zoov muaj duab (2), Tus thawj coj tub rog daim duab nrog daim duab thaiv plaub fab (3), tus neeg caij nees (1) - VII - IX ib puas xyoo. Txhuv. Angus McBride.
Nws hloov tawm tias nws yog Daim Duab uas tsim lub npe nrov daim thaiv npog, hu ua tus neeg nqa khoom, thiab hauv lub siab zoo nws yuav tsum raug hu ua "Daim duab thaiv." Nws yog qhov txaus siab uas nyob hauv ib qho ntawm Irish lus dab neeg riam phom ntawm Daim Duab tau piav qhia raws li hauv qab no: "Lawv muaj peb rab ntaj dub loj loj, thiab peb daim thaiv dub, thiab peb rab hmuv dub ncaim nrog rab hmuv raws li tuab raws li tus nto qaub ncaug." Yog tias peb tshem tawm tag nrho "cov ntsiab lus dub" tus yam ntxwv ntawm menyuam yaus zaj dab neeg txaus ntshai - "hauv chav dub tag, tus menyuam ntxhais khi nrog txoj hlua dub tau zaum ntawm lub rooj zaum dub thiab tom qab ntawd tes dub tau tshwm los ntawm hauv av dub …" - thiab kom lees paub cov ntaub ntawv no yam tsis muaj kev tawm tsam, tom qab ntawd tsuas yog ib qho lus xaus tuaj yeem rub tawm los ntawm nws: rab ntaj thiab rab hmuv taub hau ntawm Daim Duab tau … blued, thiab tsis txhuam, pom tseeb txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Kev nyab xeeb Scottish.
Zoo, cov xim dub ntawm daim ntaub thaiv yuav qhia tau tias lawv tau "tarred" (tom qab ntawd cov neeg siab tom qab siv cov txheej txheem no), txij li cov tshuaj tsuas yog muab cov xim dub rau ntoo.
Cov Duab tau paub tias tau tsim ntau lub roob forts. Piv txwv ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no yog "muaj koob muaj npe tiv thaiv" ntawm Burghead. Muaj cov qhov dej thiab cov tsev teev ntuj hauv lawv, uas qhia txog cov neeg coob uas nyob hauv lawv. Feem ntau ntawm cov forts, txawm li cas los xij, tau me me, tab sis ua rau thaj chaw muaj pob zeb, nrog cov phab ntsa pob zeb ua raws cov kab ntawm cov pob zeb kom lawv cov hauv paus yuav ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus. Kev ntes cov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv Kev Tsov Rog Hauv Duab, txawm hais tias peb tsis paub dab tsi txog qhov nws tshwm sim tiag.
Kev cob qhia ntaj rau cov tub hluas Picts. Txhuv. Wayne Reynolds: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Puas yog Cov Duab Sib Ntaus liab qab lossis tsis yog? Nws tau ntseeg dav tias qhov kev coj ua no tau tshwm sim, txawm hais tias ntau tus kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no tsis ntseeg txog nws. Tau kawg, muaj ntau tus lej Roman ntawm Celts thiab Britons sib ntaus hauv qhov liab qab. Piv txwv li, txog Caledonians, uas tau piav qhia liab qab ntawm ob peb daim duab Roman, thiab hais txog leej twg keeb kwm Herodian sau: "Lawv tsis paub siv khaub ncaws … lawv tattoo lawv lub cev tsis yog nrog cov duab ntawm txhua yam tsiaj., tab sis nrog ntau yam qauv tsim. Thiab yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li tsis hnav khaub ncaws, yog li tsis txhob zais cov duab kos ntawm lawv lub cev."
Nws tsis paub meej ntau npaum li cas qhov no txuas nrog Cov Duab, tab sis muaj cov duab liab qab Picts ntawm ob peb lub pob zeb. Los ntawm txoj kev, Loos tau sau txog Galatians (Celts uas nyob rau yav qab teb Qaib Cov Txwv) tias "lawv qhov txhab tau pom meej, vim tias lawv tawm tsam liab qab, thiab lawv lub cev plump thiab dawb, txij li lawv tsis tau nthuav tawm, tshwj tsis yog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua." Ntawd yog, Cov Duab kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua raws qhov kev coj ua no thiab hnav khaub ncaws ua ntej kev sib ntaus, tab sis cov khaub ncaws, tau kawg, tau siv. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj lub caij ntuj no hauv Scotland …
Cov duab ntawm tus tub rog Pictish npog nrog lub tattoo. Txhuv. los ntawm phau ntawv ntawm 1590 (New York Public Library)
Ib qho ntxiv, thaum hle liab qab ua ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua, tus tub rog tau hu rau kev tiv thaiv los saum ntuj los, tej zaum muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov cim khawv koob pleev xim rau ntawm nws lub cev. Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov laj thawj uas tsis ua rau koj lub nra hnyav nrog cov khaub ncaws, vim tias lub cev liab qab yog qhov nyuaj rau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab lub qhov txhab ntawm daim tawv nqaij liab tsis muaj kev kis mob ntau dua li lub qhov txhab tiv thaiv cov ntaub uas qias neeg. Nws yog vim li no uas muaj kev coj noj coj ua thoob plaws ntiaj teb kom duel liab qab, thiab txawm tias Roman gladiators tau tawm tsam nrog tsuas yog lub kaus mom hlau, lub siab tawv thiab daim ntaub loos ntawm lawv lub taub hau.
Ib qho kev xav ntawm lub hlwb tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no. Nws muaj peev xwm tias cov tub rog liab qab, kos duab Cov duab tsuas yog qhov pom kev txaus ntshai rau cov neeg Loos.
Cov duab Silver Silver ua los ntawm 400 thiab 800 (National Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Scotland, Edinburgh)
Raws li kev xav, nws tau paub tias tib tus tub rog Celtic tau txaus siab, khav theeb thiab yooj yim heev txhawj xeeb txog kev tawm sab nraud ntawm lawv tus txiv neej thiab kev muaj peev xwm. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb lawv cov tattoos thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, uas yog, txhua yam uas tau nthuav tawm, hais txog nws. Tab sis nws yog qhov tseem ceeb dua los saib ua siab loj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov lus. Vim li no, lawv thiaj li khav theeb thiab hais lus ntau dhau. Ua piv txwv, Paul Wagner hais txog kev khav theeb ntawm ib daim duab "hero" uas tau nqis los rau peb: "Thaum kuv qaug zog, kuv tuaj yeem tawm tsam nees nkaum ib. Ib feem peb ntawm kuv lub zog yog txaus tiv thaiv peb caug … Cov tub rog zam kev sib ntaus sib tua vim ntshai kuv, thiab tag nrho cov tub rog khiav tawm ntawm kuv mus, "uas lwm tus teb tsis xwm yeem," Tsis phem rau tus tub."
Nws yuav zoo li Cov Duab tuaj yeem ua cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm tawv, vim tias lawv muaj tawv thiab ntaub plaub ntau. Lawv kuj muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau ua cov khoom zoo heev los ntawm cov nyiaj. Tab sis … tib lub sijhawm, lawv nyiam tua liab qab, ua rau lawv khav rau cov yeeb ncuab. Lwm tus tub rog Celtic kuj tseem ua rau qhov no. Piv txwv li, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Karatak hauv 50 AD. cov neeg Askiv tau muab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv thiab cov kaus mom hlau, ntseeg tias lawv cov ntaub thaiv npog tau tiv thaiv txaus rau lawv. Thaum Tsov Rog Txuj Ci hauv 1138, Galloway cov tub rog tau xub muab tso rau tom qab ntawm pab tub rog Scottish vim lawv tsis muaj cuab yeej ua rog. Tab sis lawv tus thawj coj tau txiav txim siab qhov no ua rau lawv poob peev txheej ua tub rog thiab thov kom tso lawv mus rau tom ntej, thiab cia lawv hnav lub tsho tiv no, lawv hais tias, cia lawv hnav cov neeg siab tawv!
Celtic cov dab neeg tau ntxiv nrog cov piv txwv ntawm cov phab ej uas tau tawm tsam los ntawm ntau tus neeg sib tw, sib ntaus sib tua lawv tig, vim tias tsis muaj lub yeeb koob lossis kev hwm kom yooj yim tua cov yeeb ncuab, sib sau ua ke rau nws. Tej zaum Daim Duab xaiv ntawm daim thaiv npog me me thiab dav ntaj ntaj ntaj tsuas yog qhia tias kev sib ntaus ib leeg tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus tub rog ntawm Daim Duab, vim nws yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ua phem thiab tiv thaiv uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib ntaus ib leeg., tab sis nyob deb ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua loj.
"Lub kaus mom hlau los ntawm Coppergate." York, Askiv. Ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 8. Lub kaus mom hlau zoo ib yam li lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Northumbrian cov neeg caij nees uas tau piav qhia hauv Cov Duab Pob Zeb carvings ntawm Aberlemno, uas ntseeg tias yog piav txog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Nechtansmeer. (Yorkshire Tsev khaws puav pheej)
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tawm tsam tus yeeb ncuab muaj zog tau suav tias yog ib txwm muaj, thiab tsis muaj kev rau txim. Cov neeg Indian thaum ub "Mahabharata" kuj qhia peb txog qhov xav tsis sib xws ntawm tus cwj pwm no rau kev ua tsov ua rog. Yog li muaj txiaj ntsig, ncaj ncees thiab ncaj ncees nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb, Pandavas nyiam nyob hauv ib qho kev dag ntxias kom kov yeej Kauravas uas tsis muaj kev sib haum xeeb thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua! Ntawd yog, hauv kev ua rog, ob lub Celts thiab cov neeg Hindu qub, nrog rau cov neeg Pawxia, ntseeg tias "txhua txoj hauv kev yog qhov zoo, uas ua rau muaj yeej!" Kawm paub tias Aife nyiam ntau tshaj lwm yam.
Skata hais tias "Muaj peb yam uas nws nyiam tshaj plaws," "Nov yog nws ob tug nees, nws lub tsheb nees thiab nws lub tsheb nees."
Cuchulainn nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus nrog Aife thiab tawm tsam nrog nws ntawm "txoj hlua ntawm kev ua phem." Thiab Aife tsoo nws rab ntaj, tawm ntawm ib sab thiab ib feem ntawm cov hniav, tsis pub ntau tshaj ib lub nrig.
"Saib, huag, saib!", - Cuchulainn tom qab ntawd qw, - "Koj tus neeg tsav tsheb, ob tug nees thiab tsheb nees tau poob rau hauv hav, lawv txhua tus tuag lawm!"
Aife ntsia ib puag ncig, thiab Cuchulainn dhia rau nws thiab rub nws ob lub mis, tom qab uas nws cuam nws tom qab nws nraub qaum, coj nws mus rau nws lub yeej rog thiab cuam nws rau hauv av, thiab nws tus kheej sawv ntawm nws nrog rab ntaj, uas yog lub cim nws yeej
Fir cov tswv yim hauv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv tub rog suav nrog siv "phab ntsa ntawm daim ntaub thaiv", uas tau siv tom qab los ntawm Scots ntawm Kev Sib Tw ntawm Bannockburn hauv 1314. Txhuv. Wayne Reynolds: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tus tub rog Pictish yog ib feem ntawm pab pawg sib raug zoo, uas qhov kev sib cav yog qhov phem tshaj: cov tub rog nyob, noj, pw, sib ntaus, tua thiab tuag tag nrho ua ke. Qhov kev hwm uas tus tub rog yeej nrog nws txoj kev tuag zoo, qee qhov, ua rau lawv nyuaj siab vim nws poob, vim hais tias lub yeeb koob ntawm kev poob rau qee yam kuj cuam tshuam rau nws lwm tus phooj ywg. Tab sis nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tu siab rau cov thawj coj, thiab cov thawj coj tau yeej, ua siab dawb thiab siab tawv.
Kuv nqa kuv lub taub hau hauv lub tsho:
Nov yog lub taub hau ntawm Urien, tus ua siab dawb siab zoo ntawm nws lub tsev hais plaub.
Crows flocked rau nws lub hauv siab dawb.
Thiab kuv nqa nws lub taub hau hauv kuv txhais tes:
Britain tus foothold tau poob.
Kuv txhais tes mus loog.
Kuv lub hauv siab tshee hnyo.
Kuv lub siab tawg.
Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe ntawd tias kev tuag ntawm cov thawj coj tau qhuas, uas, tsawg kawg hauv cov lus, ua tim khawv rau kev sib sib zog nqus uas cov tub rog zoo ib yam thiab … cov dab neeg qub tau hais rau lawv.
Cov tub rog Northumbrian (txoj cai) hnav lub kaus mom hlau zoo ib yam los ntawm Coppergate. Ib daim duab ntawm ib lub pob zeb hauv Aberlemno, uas xav tias yog piav txog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Nechtansmeer. (Lub tsev teev ntuj hauv pawg ntseeg pawg ntseeg ntawm Aberlemno (pob zeb qee zaum hu ua Aberlemno II))
Cov Duab, raws li tib neeg, tuaj yeem taug hauv keeb kwm ntawm tebchaws Askiv txog 843, thiab tom qab ntawv tshaj tawm txog lawv ploj mus, thiab lawv tus kheej ploj mus los ntawm keeb kwm keeb kwm. Thiab qhov no tau tshwm sim li cas, feem ntau, tseem tsis tau paub rau leej twg!
"Serpentine Pob Zeb" nrog cov duab ntawm Cov Duab los ntawm Aberlemno.
* Cov lus no tau hais rau tus hero Rustam Shah Kavus los ntawm Ferdowsi zaj paj huam "Shahnameh", yaum kom nws tawm tsam nrog Suhrab, uas yog nws tus tub thiab … Rustam, tsis paub nws tus tub, tua nws thiab … rov hais dua cov lus no!
Cov ntaub ntawv:
1. Nicolle, D. Arthur thiab Anglo-Saxon Wars. London. Osprey Publishing Ltd., (MAA No. 154), 1984.
2. Wagner, P. Pictish Warrior AD 297-841. Oxford. … Osprey Publishing Ltd., (Warrior No. 50), 2002.
3. Smyth, Alfred. Warlords thiab Holy Men. Edinburgh: University Xovxwm. Xyoo 1984, 1989.
4. Foster, S., Foster, S. M Picts, Gaels and Scots: ntxov keeb kwm Scotland. Batsford, Xyoo 1996.
5. Bitel, Lisa M. Land of Women: Tales of Sex and Gender from Early Ireland. Cornell University Xovxwm, 1998.
6. Newton, Michael. Phau ntawv qhia txog ntiaj teb Scottish Gaelic. Plaub Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Xovxwm, 2000.
7. Henderson, Isabelle. Daim duab. Mysterious Warriors ntawm Ancient Scotland / Per. los ntawm lus Askiv N. Y. Chekhonadskoy. Moscow: ZAO Tsentrpoligraf, 2004.
