Kuv pom qhev ntawm nees, thiab cov thawj coj taug kev zoo li qhev ntawm ko taw.
Laj Lim Tswvyim 10.5: 7
Kev ua tub rog ntawm qhov tig ntawm lub sijhawm. Hauv lub sijhawm hloov pauv, kev ua tub rog ib txwm txhim kho sai. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau cuam tshuam los ntawm ob txoj kev sib txawv. Thawj yog lub zog ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev pom zoo tsim los tias qub yog qhov zoo rau yam uas paub. Qhov thib ob, koj yuav tsum ua qee yam, vim tias cov txheej txheem qub tsis ua haujlwm rau qee yam. Yog li, Marshal ntawm Henry VIII Thomas Audley tau thov kom tsis muaj ib tus neeg tua phom twg yuav tsum hnav tej cuab yeej tiv thaiv, tshwj tsis yog tej zaum ib lub kaus mom hlau Morion, raws li nws ntseeg: "Yuav tsis muaj ib tus neeg tua phom zoo, nws yog tus tua hneev lossis tua phom loj, yog tias nws ua khaub ncaws hnav."
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thaum xyoo 1543 40 tus tub rog tau raug xa mus rau Fabkis los ntawm Norich, 8 ntawm lawv yog cov hneev uas muaj "hneev zoo", 24 yog "xub zoo" (tus lej los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Tsov rog ntawm Bannkoburn!), " Ntaj zoo ", rab riam, tab sis tag nrho cov seem yog" tus neeg nqa khoom ", uas yog rab hmuv riam phom nrog" daim nqi "(" tus nplaig nyuj ") - hmuv ntev 1.5 m, nrog rab riam zoo li rab riam, yooj yim hauv txhais tes -to-tes sib ntaus. Ntaj thiab rab riam phom ntxiv cov riam phom, thiab lawv txhua tus nyob hauv cov cuab yeej, tab sis nyob rau qhov twg, cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau teev tseg. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov "nqi" no tau raug tshem tawm ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm pab tub rog Askiv los ntawm txoj cai lij choj ntawm 1596. Tam sim no cov tub rog tau pib ua kom lawv tus kheej tsuas yog pike thiab arquebusses.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb. Hnov Lus Askiv Zoo tseem siv tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov thawj coj tub rog uas xav tau thiab txawm nrhiav pom cov tub rog nyob nrog ob hom riam phom hauv pab tub rog Askiv - rab hmuv thiab hneev nti. Lawv tau hu qhov ntawd - cov tub rog nrog ob rab riam phom. Khaws cov duab piav qhia txog lawv thiab cuam tshuam txog 1620. Lawv piav qhia tus neeg pikeman uas nyob hauv pikemen lub tsho tiv no thiab lub kaus mom morion, uas tua los ntawm hneev thiab tib lub sijhawm tuav nws pike hauv nws txhais tes. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov no xav tau kev txawj ntse thiab kev qhia ua haujlwm ntau. Ntxiv mus, nws mob hnyav rau tus tub rog. Yog li "ob rab riam phom", txawm hais tias nws zoo li kev xav hauv siab, hauv kev coj ua tsis muaj cag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws sau keeb kwm Askiv zoo li A. Norman thiab D. Pottinger tshaj tawm tias tom qab xyoo 1633, cov pikemen cov ris tsho hnav tsis tau hais txog txhua qhov, uas yog, lawv tsis hnav dab tsi tsuas yog lub kaus mom hlau los tiv thaiv lawv!
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus naj npawb ntawm arquebusses tau loj hlob tas li thiab thaum lub sijhawm tuag ntawm Henry VIII, muaj 7,700 ntawm lawv nyob hauv Tower's arsenal, tab sis tsuas muaj 3,060 hneev. Cov cuab yeej ua tub rog tseem muaj nyob, tab sis qhov tseeb hloov mus rau lub ntsej muag hlau hnav. Thaum lub sijhawm huab tais huab tais Elizabeth, txoj kev txhim kho ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog txuas ntxiv mus, tab sis lawv feem ntau hnav los ntawm nws tus neeg hais plaub. Qhov tseeb, cov cuab yeej sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tsuas yog cov cuab yeej cuirassier, uas tau piav qhia hauv cov ntawv dhau los ntawm lub voj voog no, tab sis lawv kuj tau hloov pauv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm. Qhov tseeb, rov qab rau xyoo 1632, tus kws sau keeb kwm Askiv Peter Young tau sau tseg, Cov tub rog Askiv tseem yog tib tus tub rog, txawm hais tias nws tsis muaj khau phaj, uas tau hloov pauv los ntawm khau rau nws lub hauv caug. Nws tau ua riam phom txawm tias yog hmuv, tab sis me ntsis sib zog piv rau tus tub rog, lossis nrog rab phom thiab rab ntaj.
Thiab tom qab ntawd los txog lub sijhawm kev ua tsov rog ntawm 1642-1649, thiab teeb meem ntawm tus nqi ntawm cuirassier armor tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Cov tub rog tau ua ntau thiab ntau ntxiv. Hauv lawv, ntau thiab ntau tus neeg raug hu los, thiab nws tau dhau los ua cov khoom kim heev uas tsis tuaj yeem yuav lawv cov hnab looj tes kim, cov phom tiv thaiv phaj thiab kaw lub kaus mom hlau zoo li lub tsho nrog lub tsom iav. Cov cuab yeej ua rog txhua lub sijhawm tau yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas lub sijhawm no cov kev tiv thaiv yooj yim xws li "lub lauj kaub" ("lauj kaub") lub kaus mom hlau rau cov neeg caij tsheb zoo ib yam ntawm cov tub rog xaiv tsa thiab cov kaus mom "cavalier", uas zoo li lub kaus mom dav dav nrog lub zawv zawg hlau qhov ntswg, nrov hauv huab tais cov tub rog, tau tshwm sim.
Lub kaus mom hnyav hnyav hnyav nrog lub ntsej muag hlau muaj zog kuj tau tshwm sim, uas, raws li nws tau xav, tau hnav tsis ntau los ntawm cov sappers lawv tus kheej zoo li los ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog uas saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv thiab poob rau hauv kev tua cov yeeb ncuab. Qhov "hws" raug tshem tawm ntawm lub kaus mom hlau feem ntau tig mus rau hauv ib lub pas nrig ntawm cov pas nrig, uas yog, txawm tias cov kws ntaus hlau hauv zos tuaj yeem tsim "cov cuab yeej" zoo li no.
Lub mis thiab nraub qaum tau pib npog nrog lub npog rau lub duav, thiab sab caj npab sab laug tau npog los ntawm tus bracer, uas tiv thaiv caj npab rau lub luj tshib, thiab tau hnav nrog lub hnab looj tes. Tab sis hauv pab tub rog xaiv tsa, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog tau suav tias yog "ntau dhau" thiab nws "cov tub rog caij nees tsuas muaj lub kaus mom hlau thiab cov tais diav.
John Clements yog tus paub zoo tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim kho laj kab, hauv qhov no, nws taw qhia tias nyob rau lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1500 txog 1600, Sab Hnub Poob European ntaj tau hloov pauv sai heev rau hauv rabpier thiab ntaj, thiab hauv cov tub rog hnyav tom kawg tig mus rau chopping broadswords.
Qhov tseeb, cov no yog cov ntaj tib yam, tab sis nrog cov hniav dav dua. Hauv tebchaws Askiv, lawv tau pib hu ua "pob tawb ntaj", txij li tus tuav tau tiv thaiv los ntawm "pob tawb" tiag tiag ntawm cov pas hlau lossis cov hlua. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm Fab Kis lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm fencing, ib hom kev teeb pom kev zoo nrog lub ntsej muag 32 ntiv tes (81 cm) ntev kuj tau nthuav tawm.
Qhov no yog li cas, qhov tseeb, cov txiv neej caij nees ntawm caj npab maj mam tuaj rau lawv qhov poob thiab xyoo 1700 los ua nws ciam teb. Tsis yog, cuirassiers hauv ci ci cuirassos los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Tebchaws Europe tsis tau mus qhov twg, tab sis lawv tsis tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tsov rog xws li, hais tias, Fabkis rab phom ntawm lub sijhawm "tsov rog rau kev ntseeg". Nws tau pom meej tias kev ua tiav hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua yog nyob ntawm qhov kev txawj ua ntawm tus thawj coj thiab kev siv dav ntawm cov tub rog, tub rog thiab phom loj, thiab tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj ntawm ib hom tub rog, thiab, tshwj xeeb, cov tub rog caij tsheb.
Muaj tshuav me ntsis los qhia. Tshwj xeeb, hais txog qhov kev lees paub "phooj ywg lossis yeeb ncuab" ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tom qab tag nrho, ob qho tib si nyob ntawd thiab tib neeg tau tawm tsam hauv cov cuab yeej dub, npog lawv los ntawm lub taub hau mus rau ntiv taw, lossis hauv lub tsho tawv tawv daj, cov khau dub thiab cov kaus mom nrog plaub. Peb tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab cov yeeb ncuab li cas?
Ib txoj hauv kev tau pom nyob rau hauv kev siv txoj phuam qhwv caj dab, uas tau hnav hla lub xub pwg raws li txoj phuam, thiab cov khaub ncaws zoo li cas tsis zais, leej twg muaj nws, ntawm chav kawm, thiab qhia nws haiv neeg hauv txoj kev pom tshaj plaws. Hauv Fab Kis, piv txwv li, nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, nws tuaj yeem yog xim dub lossis dawb, nyob ntawm seb nws tus tswv tau tawm tsam rau - rau Catholics lossis Protestant Huguenots. Tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem yog ntsuab, lossis lub teeb xim av. Hauv tebchaws Askiv, txoj phuam qhwv tau xiav thiab liab, hauv Savoy lawv xiav, hauv Spain lawv liab, Hauv Austria lawv dub thiab daj, thiab hauv Holland lawv yog txiv kab ntxwv.
Tseem muaj qhov yooj yim ntawm riam phom. Txhua yam kev xaiv thiab pab pawg los ntawm cov khoom siv tau ploj mus. Cov riam phom ntawm cov tub rog hnyav yog cov lus nthuav dav thiab ob rab phom, rab phom me me thiab saber, rab hmuv tau txais rab ntaj thiab rab phom, thiab nees pikemen - rab phom ntev. Qhov no tau dhau los ua qhov txaus los daws txhua qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim khoom tsim khoom, uas Europe tau nkag mus tom qab 1700.
Cov neeg ua tim khawv
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Qhov kawg ua raws …
