Tsov rog dhau los ua tus neeg tshuaj xyuas nruj rau cov tub rog 'riam phom system. Nws tshwm sim tias cov riam phom thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, uas tsis tau cog lus tias yuav ua tiav ntau, dhau qhov kev xeem zoo dua. Tau kawg, cov peev nyiaj thiab kev siv zog tau siv rau lawv, tab sis tau saib xyuas ntau ntxiv rau lwm tus. Thiab lawv ua tsis yog lawm.
Lub dav hlau thauj neeg Nyij Pooj Akagi (daim duab saum toj no) tau xub tsim los ua nkoj sib ntaus, tab sis xyoo 1923 nws tau pib kho dua tshiab rau hauv lub dav hlau thauj khoom. Akagi tau pib rau lub Plaub Hlis 22, 1925 thiab dhau los ua ib qho ntawm thawj qhov kev tawm tsam dav hlau nqa khoom ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj. Nws yog "Akagi" uas yog tus coj mus tua ntawm Pearl Harbor, thiab ntawm thawj lub dav hlau ya dav hlau muaj cuaj A6M2s los ntawm nws pawg huab cua. Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no uas Akagi tau koom nrog nws qhov kev sib ntaus zaum kawg - Tsov rog ntawm Midway Atoll thaum lub Rau Hli 1942.
Thaum xub thawj, Akagi muaj peb lub dav hlau dav hlau: sab saud, nruab nrab thiab qis dua. Thawj zaug tau npaj rau kev nce thiab nqis ntawm txhua hom dav hlau. Lub davhlau nruab nrab tau pib hauv thaj tsam ntawm tus choj, tsuas yog lub dav hlau me me sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem tawm ntawm nws mus. Thaum kawg, lub davhlau qis dua tau npaj rau kev tshem tawm ntawm cov foob pob tawg torpedo. Lub davhlau ya dav hlau muaj cov qauv sib cais thiab muaj cov ntawv hlau 10 hli tuab, muab tso rau saum cov ntoo ntoo ntawm cov kab hlau txuas nrog lub nkoj hull. Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub davhlau ya dav hlau ua rau muaj xwm txheej ntau thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub dav hlau, yog li ntawd, ua ntej tsov rog, lub davhlau ya dav hlau ntxiv tau raug tshem tawm thiab lub lawj tseem ceeb tau txuas mus rau qhov ntev ntawm lub dav hlau thauj khoom. Hloov chaw ntawm cov tsev pheeb suab uas raug rhuav tshem, ib qho ntxiv kaw kaw cia tau tshwm sim. Tom qab kho dua tshiab thiab ua ntej nws tuag, Akagi muaj lub davhlau ntev tshaj plaws ntawm ib lub dav hlau thauj khoom hauv Nyij Pooj.
Lub dav hlau thauj khoom muaj ob, thiab tom qab hloov kho tshiab, txawm tias peb lub dav hlau nqa [1, 2, 3], nrog rau lub tshuab ua pa. Thaum xub thawj, nws yog 60-cable sim ua qauv ntawm lus Askiv tsim, thiab txij li xyoo 1931, nws yog 12-cable aerofinisher tsim los ntawm kws kho tshuab Shiro Kabay.
Lub dav hlau thauj cov neeg huab cua muaj peb hom dav hlau: Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters, Aichi D3A Val dive bombers, thiab Nakajima B5N Keith torpedo bomber. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1941, 18 Xoom thiab Val thiab 27 B5N lub dav hlau tau ua raws ntawm no. Peb lub hangars ntawm lub nkoj haum tsawg kawg 60 lub dav hlau (siab tshaj 91).
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav lig xyoo 1942, ib lub dav hlau tshiab Asmeskas thauj cov dav hlau nkag mus rau hauv tshav dav hlau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv huab cua-lub dav hlau soj ntsuam cov neeg tawg rog SBD-3 "Dauntles", uas tau tiv thaiv cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam, cov tub rog tiv thaiv, iav tsis muaj phom nyob hauv lub dav hlau, tshiab Wright R-1820-52 lub cav thiab muaj plaub lub tshuab phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb, txhua yam khoom siv kom ua rau lub dav hlau poob thaum tsaws rau hauv dej tau raug tshem tawm ntawm nws. Nws yog "dauntles" hauv Kev Sib Tw ntawm Midway Atoll thaum Lub Rau Hli 1942 uas tau rhuav tshem plaub lub dav hlau thauj neeg Nyij Pooj, suav nrog hnyav "Akagi", uas tom qab tau poob los ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj lawv tus kheej.
Ntau yam tau sau txog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas tau siv phom tua phom thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Lub caij no, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom submachine tsis siv neeg (hauv Pab Tub Rog Liab, rau luv luv lawv hu nws tias yog rab phom submachine) coj los yuav raug xwm txheej. Txawm tias qhov kev saib xyuas zoo tau them rau nws txoj kev txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho (xws li, piv txwv li, hauv Tebchaws Yelemees thiab USSR), nws tau txiav txim siab tias yog riam phom pabcuam tsuas yog rau qee pawg kev sib ntaus thiab cov tub rog hais kom ua. Tsis zoo rau kev ntseeg, German Wehrmacht tsis tau siv riam phom thiab rab phom tshuab. Thoob plaws hauv kev ua rog, lawv tus lej (feem ntau yog MR.38 thiab MR.40) hauv Wehrmacht tau tsawg dua li cov ntawv xov xwm carbines "Mauser". Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo 1939, Wehrmacht pab tub rog muaj 13,300 phom thiab carbines thiab tsuas yog 3,700 rab phom submachine hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab xyoo 1942 - 7,400 thiab 750, feem.
Kev tawm tsam rau lwm qhov kev nkag siab yuam kev hauv USSR thaum pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, thiab ntau dua li thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, thaum qhov kev paub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Finns ntawm Karelian Isthmus twb nyob tom qab nws, rab phom submachine tsis yog " tsis quav ntsej "txhua. Tab sis lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb tau them rau tus kheej phom phom. Twb tau nyob hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, tus cwj pwm ntawm "rab phom tshuab" tau hloov pauv ntau. Raws li lub xeev, rau tib 1943, Soviet phom sib faib yuav tsum muaj 6274 phom thiab carbines thiab 1048 rab phom submachine. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thaum lub xyoo ua rog, 5, 53 lab rab phom submachine (feem ntau yog PPSh) tau xa mus rau cov tub rog. Rau kev sib piv: hauv Tebchaws Yelemees xyoo 1940-1945 me ntsis ntau dua li ib lab MP.40 tau tsim.
Dab tsi yog qhov txaus nyiam txog rab phom submachine? Qhov tseeb, txawm tias rab phom rab phom zoo li 9-mm parabellum lossis 7, 62-mm TT, tsis tau muab tua kom zoo tshaj 150-200 meters. Tab sis rab phom rab phom ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm yooj yim yooj yim nrog lub qhov kaw dawb, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm riam phom nrog qhov hnyav thiab qhov ua tau zoo, thiab nce cov mos txwv hnav. Thiab kev siv thoob plaws hauv kev tsim cov thwj cim thiab qhov chaw vuam ua rau nws tuaj yeem nrawm "saturate" cov tub rog nrog lub teeb tsis siv neeg riam phom hauv kev ua tsov rog.
Rau tib lub laj thawj, hauv tebchaws Askiv, nyob qhov twg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog "lawv tsis pom qhov xav tau riam phom loj," lawv tau pib tsim rau ntau qhov tsim kom nrawm, tsis ua tiav zoo, tab sis yooj yim heev rau tsim "Stan ", uas ntau dua 3 lab tau tsim hauv ntau yam kev hloov kho. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, tom qab lawv nkag mus rau hauv kev ua rog, qhov teeb meem ntawm rab phom submachine kuj tseem yuav tsum tau daws thaum mus. Ib qho yooj yim "tub rog" version ntawm Thompson lub tshuab xa xov tuaj, thiab lawv tab tom nrhiav ntawm lwm cov qauv. Thiab mus txog qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, tus qauv M3 nrog kev siv dav ntawm kev thim nyiaj tau mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom.
Thiab tseem muaj kev sib koom ua ke zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim khoom nrog kev sib ntaus zoo thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo tau qhia los ntawm Soviet PPS.
Tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, rab phom submachine zoo li rab phom tub rog pib ploj mus ntawm qhov chaw. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tau tig los ua riam phom tsis siv neeg chambered rau lub zog nruab nrab. Nws tsim nyog hais tias nws txoj kev txhim kho kuj tau pib ua ntej ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, thiab pib ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm cov riam phom tshiab tau cim qhov tshwm sim ntawm German "phom phom" MR.43. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog dab neeg sib txawv me ntsis.
Cov tub rog Askiv Stan 9mm submachine phom ua rau tag nrho tsev neeg. Qhia ntawm no los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab:
[1] Mk III yooj yim heev, [2] Mk IVA, [3] Mk V, [4] Mk IVB (nrog cov khoom ntim)
Tso tsheb hlau luam tau hnyav
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II zoo li pom tseeb. Txawm hais tias los ntawm kev pib ua tsov rog, cov kws tshaj lij tsis ntseeg tias cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj tau xav tau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua niaj hnub no, nyiam nyob hauv ntau lub tebchaws tau muab rau cov tsheb nyob ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm lub teeb thiab nruab nrab hauv chav kawm. Lawv tau sib cais los ntawm kab 15 tons, sib raug rau lub zog ntawm cov cav uas muaj tom qab ntawd, uas yuav ua rau lub tsheb muaj kev txav tau zoo nrog kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tub rog, tawm tsam phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm 37-40 mm.
Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, ob lub tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim - Pz III (Pz Kpfw III) nrog rab phom 37 hli thiab Pz IV nrog rab phom 75 hli, ob leeg muaj cov cuab yeej tuab txog li 15 mm. Pz III ntawm kev hloov kho D hnyav tsuas yog 16 tons thiab tsim kom nrawm txog 40 km / h. Thiab kom txog thaum xyoo 1942, qhov sib zog Pz III tau tsim tawm hauv cov lej loj. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum tau txais cov cuab yeej 30 hli tuab hauv kev hloov kho E, nws "hnyav dua" mus rau 19.5 tons, thiab tom qab rov nruab nrog 50-mm rab phom loj (hloov kho G, 1940), nws tshaj 20 tons. "Lub teeb-nruab nrab" tso tsheb hlau luam tau hloov mus rau hauv nruab nrab.
Hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv lub tank tshiab, tsim hauv USSR xyoo 1939-1941, qhov chaw tseem ceeb tau muab rau lub teeb T-50. Lub 26-tuj T-34 tseem suav tias kim heev rau kev tsim khoom, thiab "lub teeb tiv thaiv rab phom tiv thaiv phom" lub tank zoo li yog kev daws teeb meem zoo dua rau lub tsheb loj ob qho tib si los txhawb nqa cov tub rog thiab kom ua kom lub tank muaj zog. Nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 14 tons, T-50, muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam thaum pib xyoo 1941, nqa rab phom 45-mm thiab cov cuab yeej ua rog txog li 37 mm tuab nrog rau cov ces kaum ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm daim hlau phom. Ua kom nrawm txog 57.5 km / h thiab kev caij nkoj ntau txog 345 kilometers ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub tank "maneuverable". Thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ua ntej ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, T-50 tau npaj yuav ua tub rog nrog rab phom 57-mm lossis 76-mm.
Txawm tias thawj lub hlis ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, T-50 tseem yog "tus sib tw tseem ceeb" ntawm T-34 hauv cov phiaj xwm rau kev tsim khoom thiab tsim khoom ntawm lub tank. Tab sis T-50 tsis mus rau hauv koob loj, qhov kev nyiam raug muab rau T-34 kom raug. Cov peev txheej rau kev tsim kho tshiab tau teeb tsa hauv nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua tub rog, nce kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub zog cia, thiab nce kev tsim khoom tau muab cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg ntawm kev tsim khoom. Xyoo 1944, cov tub rog mus, qhov tseeb, lub tank tshiab T-34-85 nrog rab phom ntev 85-mm.
Tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm "peb caug-plaub" yog German Pz IV, lub cev uas tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntau yam nrog kev ua kom muaj zog ntxiv thiab txhim kho rab phom ntev 75-mm. Pz III tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Kev faib phom phom rau hauv "tiv thaiv lub tank" thiab "txhawb nqa" (rau kev sib ntaus sib tua rau cov tub rog) poob nws lub ntsiab lus-tam sim no txhua yam tau ua tiav los ntawm ib rab phom ntev.
Cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li German txheej txheem ntawm ob lub tank nruab nrab - "kev sib ntaus" muaj riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, thiab "txhawb nqa" nrog rab phom loj dua - tau tsim hauv Nyij Pooj. Thaum pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub tank cov tub rog tau ua tub rog nrog ob lub tank nruab nrab ntawm tib lub chassis-14-tuj Chi-ha (Hom 97) nrog rab phom 57-mm thiab 15, 8-tuj Shinhoto Chi-ha nrog rab phom loj 57 mm, ob qho tib si nrog cov cuab yeej tuab txog 25 mm. Cov no tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv, tab sis cov tsheb thauj khoom tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog Nyij Pooj: vim muaj peev xwm ua lag luam thiab cov xwm txheej uas siv cov tsheb tiv thaiv Nyij Pooj tau siv.
Cov neeg Askiv nyiam siv cov cuab yeej hnyav rau qeeb "cov tub rog" tso tsheb hlau luam, thaum lub nkoj "nkoj" maneuverable hauv Mk IV, piv txwv li, nqa cov cuab yeej tsuas yog txog 30 hli tuab. Lub tank 15-tuj no tau tsim nrawm txog 48 km / h. Nws tau ua raws los ntawm "Crusader", uas, tau txais kev txhim kho kev teev npe thiab rab phom 57-mm hloov ntawm 40-mm, tseem "kov yeej" txoj kab 20-tuj. Muaj kev txom nyem nrog kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm lub nkoj tso tsheb hlau luam, cov neeg Askiv nyob rau xyoo 1943 tuaj rau lub nkoj hnyav Mk VIII "Cromwell", sib txuas nrog kev txav tau zoo nrog cov cuab yeej tuab txog li 76 mm thiab rab phom 75-mm, uas yog, ntxiv rau lub tank nruab nrab. Tab sis lawv tau pom meej meej nrog qhov no, yog li feem ntau ntawm lawv lub zog tub rog yog Asmeskas M4 "Sherman", tsim tom qab pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab xav txog nws qhov kev paub dhau los.
Kev tsim kho nrawm ntawm riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank hloov pauv qhov xav tau rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov ciam teb ntawm lub teeb thiab nruab nrab cov chav kawm tau nce mus rau qhov siab (thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, cov tshuab hnyav txog 20 tons twb tau pom tias yog lub teeb). Piv txwv li, Asmeskas lub teeb roj tank M41 thiab Soviet kev tshawb nrhiav amphibious tank PT-76, tau saws hauv xyoo 1950, hauv ntau tus yam ntxwv sib xws rau nruab nrab tso tsheb hlau luam thaum pib ua tsov rog. Thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab, tsim nyob rau xyoo 1945-1950, ntau tshaj 35 tons - xyoo 1939 lawv yuav raug cais raws li hnyav.
Soviet 7, 62 mm submachine gun mod. 1943 UA Sudaev (PPS) raug txiav txim tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rab phom submachine ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob
Rocket thiab dav hlau
Kev txhawb siab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua pib thaum xyoo 1920. Tab sis txawm tias lawv cov neeg txaus siab tshaj plaws tsis tuaj yeem cia siab tias kev nce qib sai ntawm xyoo 1940s. Ob tug ncej tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv ntawm no: ntawm ib qho yuav muaj cov foob pob hluav taws (foob pob hluav taws) tsis siv, lwm qhov - cov cuaj luaj coj mus rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Hauv cheeb tsam tom kawg, cov neeg tsim khoom German tau nce mus deb tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias kev siv cov riam phom no (ntev-ntau lub foob pob thiab nkoj caij nkoj, tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab dav hlau foob pob, thiab lwm yam) tau pib, lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam me me rau ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Tab sis foob pob hluav taws tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, uas tsis xav tau los ntawm lawv ua ntej tsov rog. Tom qab ntawd lawv zoo li yog ib txoj hauv kev los daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb: piv txwv li, xa cov riam phom tshuaj lom neeg, uas yog tshuaj lom, ua rau muaj pa luam yeeb lossis ua rau lub cev muaj mob. Hauv USSR thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, piv txwv li, cov foob pob hluav taws tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1930. Cov foob pob tawg loj lossis tawg loj zoo li tsis muaj riam phom txaus nyiam (rau cov tub rog hauv av, tsawg kawg) vim tias lawv tsis raug thiab raug hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv nrog kev hloov pauv mus rau ntau qhov kev tso tawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws. Cov khoom hloov pauv mus rau qhov zoo, thiab tam sim no kev teeb tsa yooj yim tuaj yeem ua rau lub foob pob hluav taws rau tus yeeb ncuab nrog qhov hluav taws kub nkag tsis tau mus rau lub roj teeb uas siv phom loj, npog thaj tsam thaj tsam nrog ntaus nrig, thiab hloov chaw tam sim, tawm ntawm kev tawm tsam.
Qhov kev ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws tau ua tiav los ntawm Soviet tus tsim qauv, uas tau tsim xyoo 1938-1941 txoj kev teeb tsa kev them nyiaj ntau ntawm lub tsheb chassis thiab foob pob hluav taws nrog lub tshuab ua hmoov tsis haus luam yeeb: thaum pib, ntxiv rau tshuaj thiab foob pob hluav taws, lawv tau npaj siab siv tawg tawg tawg ROFS-132 tsim rau kev siv riam phom dav hlau. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov phom tiv thaiv nto moo, lossis Katyushas. Los ntawm thawj cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig thaum Lub Xya Hli 14, 1941 ntawm kev sim roj teeb ntawm BM-13 lub foob pob tawg loj thiab lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm Orsha kev sib tshuam tsheb ciav hlau thiab Orshitsa hla kev hla dej, riam phom tshiab tau qhia nws qhov ua tau zoo rau kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov neeg thiab cov cuab yeej siv, tshem tawm cov yeeb ncuab infantry thiab tau txais thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog kev txhim kho sai thiab siv dav. Muaj cov plhaub nrog ntau qhov nce thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb, 82-mm kev teeb tsa BM-8-36, BM-8-24, BM-8-48, 132-mm BM-13N, BM-13-SN, 300-mm M- 30, M-31, BM-31-12-thaum ua tsov rog, 36 lub foob pob tau tsim thiab kwv yees li kaum lub foob pob tau tsim. 82-mm thiab 132-mm RS tau siv dav heev los ntawm kev ya dav hlau (piv txwv li, Il-2 nres dav hlau) thiab nkoj nkoj.
Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm kev siv ntau lub foob pob hluav taws los ntawm cov phooj ywg yog tsaws hauv Normandy thaum Lub Rau Hli 6, 1944, thaum LCT (R) cov nkoj foob pob hluav taws tau "ua haujlwm" raws ntug dej hiav txwv. Kwv yees li ntawm 18,000 lub foob pob hluav taws tau raug rho tawm ntawm Asmeskas qhov chaw tsaws, thiab kwv yees li ntawm 20,000 tus neeg Askiv, ntxiv los ntawm kev siv phom loj ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj thiab cua tawm tsam. Allied aviation tseem siv foob pob hluav taws thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Cov phoojywg tau teeb tsa ntau lub foob pob hluav taws tso rau ntawm jeeps, rub cov tsheb loj, tso tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, xws li 114, 3-mm Calliope lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm lub tank Sherman (Cov tub rog Soviet tau sim siv RS lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm lub tso tsheb hlau luam thaum ntxov xyoo 1941).
German nruab nrab tso tsheb hlau luam Pz Kpfw III hloov kho, uas twb tau dhau 20 tons hauv qhov hnyav:
[1] Ausf J (luam tawm xyoo 1941), [2] Ausf M (1942) nrog rab phom ntev 50 mm, [3] "kev ua phem" Ausf N (1942) nrog rab phom 75-mm
Sunset battleships
Qhov kev poob siab tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg qhuas hauv kev ua rog no yog kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tsim los kom kov yeej txoj kev muaj hwj chim loj tshaj plaws ntawm hiav txwv, cov neeg loj loj no, tiv thaiv lawv lub pob ntseg thiab txhuam nrog ntau rab phom, tau xyaum ua tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev phom sij tshiab ntawm lub nkoj - lub dav hlau raws lub nkoj. Cov foob pob tawg thiab cov foob pob tawg raws li lub dav hlau nqa khoom, zoo li huab huab, tau nqes los ntawm kev sib cais thiab tsim cov nkoj thiab nkoj caravans, ua rau hnyav, tsis tuaj yeem ua rau poob rau lawv.
Qhov kev hais kom ua ntawm cov tub rog ntawm cov tebchaws nyob hauv ntiaj teb tsis tau kawm dab tsi los ntawm kev paub dhau los ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, thaum cov tub rog tawm tsam ntawm cov dav hlau rau feem ntau pom lawv tus kheej ua tus saib xyuas tsis txaus ntseeg. Cov tog neeg tau yooj yim khaws lawv cov leviathans tiv thaiv phom rau kev txiav txim siab sib ntaus, uas thaum kawg tsis muaj qhov chaw. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rog rog, kev sib ntaus nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem suav tau ntawm ib sab.
Hais txog qhov muaj kev phom sij ntau ntxiv los ntawm submarines, feem ntau cov kws tshaj lij hauv nkoj tau txiav txim siab tias submarines yog qhov zoo rau cuam tshuam rau cov yeeb ncuab cov tub lag luam thauj khoom thiab rhuav tshem ib tus tub rog uas tsis tuaj yeem tshawb pom thiab tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab submarines tau zoo. Kev paub ntawm lawv siv thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 tawm tsam cov tub rog tawm tsam tau suav tias tsis tseem ceeb thiab "tsis txaus ntshai." Yog li ntawd, cov kws txiav txim plaub ntug xaus, kev sib ntaus sib tua tseem yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kov yeej kev muaj hwj chim nyob hauv hiav txwv thiab lawv txoj kev tsim kho yuav tsum txuas ntxiv mus, thaum, ntawm chav kawm, kev sib ntaus sib tua yuav tsum muaj kev kub ceev, txhim kho cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab rov tav, muaj rab phom loj ntawm lub zog loj thiab yuav tsum muaj zog tiv thaiv -Accraft artillery thiab ntau lub dav hlau. Lub suab ntawm cov neeg uas ceeb toom tias submarines thiab cov dav hlau thauj khoom thawb lub zog tawm mus rau tom qab tsis tau hnov dua.
"Tus tub rog caij nkoj tseem yog lub nraub qaum ntawm lub nkoj," US Vice Admiral Arthur Willard tau hais hauv xyoo 1932.
Xyoo 1932-1937 nyob ib leeg, 22 lub nkoj ntawm txoj kab tau tso rau ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov nkoj loj ntawm cov thawj tub rog lub zog, thaum tsuas muaj ib lub dav hlau thauj khoom xwb. Thiab qhov no txawm tias qhov tseeb tias muaj pes tsawg tus dreadnoughts tau txais los ntawm cov nkoj hauv ob lub xyoo dhau los ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Piv txwv li, rov qab rau xyoo 1925, Askiv tau pib ua thawj coj ntawm Nelson-chav sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm 38,000 tons thiab ua tub rog nrog cuaj 406-mm cov phom loj. Muaj tseeb, lawv muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev txav chaw tsis pub ntau tshaj 23.5 pob, uas tsis txaus lawm.
Cov kev xav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tub rog ntawm kev ua rog hauv hiav txwv thaum xyoo 1930s tau coj mus rau lub hnub nyoog kub ntawm cov tub rog tawm.
Raws li ib qho ntawm nws cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig tau sau tseg kom raug, "tau ntau xyoo kev sib ntaus sib tua yog rau admirals dab tsi lub tsev teev ntuj yog rau npisov."
Tab sis qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb tsis tau tshwm sim, thiab thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob 32 tau mus rau hauv qab
kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 86 uas yog nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm txhua lub nkoj uas tau koom nrog nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem coob dhau los - 19 lub nkoj (ntawm yim leej yog yam tshiab) - tau poob rau ntawm hiav txwv lossis hauv paus los ntawm nkoj -raws thiab dav hlau hauv av. Lub nkoj Italian sib ntaus "Roma" dhau los ua "nto moo" rau kev poob nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej German tshiab tshaj plaws X-1. Tab sis los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lwm qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua, tsuas yog xya leej tau poob mus, ntawm ob qhov yog yam tshiab, thiab cov nkoj submarines tsuas sau peb lub nkoj ntawm lawv tus kheej nkaus xwb.
Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm cov nkoj raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tau tham txog lawm, yog li kev tsim txawm tias muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj zog dua txawm li cas los raug tshem tawm ntawm kev tsim los ntawm ib nrab ntawm kev ua tsov rog.
[1] Nyiv lub tank nruab nrab hom 2597 "Chi-ha" (tus thawj coj, 1937)
[2] Txawm hais tias Soviet 9, 8-tuj lub teeb lub tank T-70 (1942) "keeb kwm" los ntawm cov tsheb soj ntsuam, nws cov yam ntxwv tau "txuas ntxiv" mus rau qib sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm kev txhim kho 35-45-mm frontal armor thiab 45- mm cev
"Floating airfields" pib thiab … yeej
Cov tub rog ntse ntawm thaj av ntawm Rising Sun, Admiral Yamamoto, tau sau tawm kev sib ntaus sib tua kom khaws ntev ua ntej Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. "Cov nkoj no nco txog cov ntawv teev ntuj kev teev ntuj uas cov neeg laus dai rau hauv lawv lub tsev. Lawv tsis tau pov thawj lawv qhov muaj nqis. Qhov no tsuas yog teeb meem ntawm kev ntseeg, tsis yog qhov tseeb, "hais tias tus thawj coj tub rog thiab … tseem nyob hauv cov lus txib ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj hauv cov haiv neeg tsawg.
Tab sis nws yog Yamamoto qhov "tsis yog tus qauv" uas tau muab rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj, thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, muaj lub zog thauj khoom muaj zog uas teeb tsa cua sov ntawm Asmeskas kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Pearl Harbor. Nrog rau qhov nyuaj thiab kev siv nyiaj, supergiants Yamato thiab Musashi ua tsis tau txawm tias muaj sijhawm los tua hluav taws ib zaug ntawm lawv cov neeg sib tw tseem ceeb thiab tau poob los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, kev ua npaws tsis txaus ntseeg tau hloov pauv los ntawm kev sib tw dav hlau: nyob rau hnub ua tsov rog xaus, muaj 99 "lub dav hlau ntab" ntawm ntau hom hauv Asmeskas cov nkoj ib leeg.
Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias cov neeg nqa khoom dav hlau - thauj cov dav hlau thiab tom qab ntawd cov nqa khoom dav hlau - tau tshwm sim thiab pom lawv tus kheej zoo heev rov qab rau hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, nyob rau lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog lub zog tau kho lawv, kom ua rau nws maj mam, txias.: cov neeg qhuas tau muab lawv lub luag haujlwm txhawb nqa, thiab cov nom tswv tsis pom muaj txiaj ntsig dab tsi hauv lawv - tom qab tag nrho, kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tso cai rau lawv "khom nqi" hauv kev sib tham lossis kom nquag siv phom kev sib tua.
Qhov tsis muaj kev pom meej thiab meej txog kev txhim kho cov neeg nqa khoom dav hlau tsis tso cai rau lawv kom tau txais kev txhim kho kom raug - cov thawj coj yav tom ntej ntawm cov dej hiav txwv tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd thaum lawv tseem me. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab khoom siv tsis tau txhim kho, kev pom tsis tau hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntev, nrawm, huab cua sib xyaw ua ke, yam ntxwv ntawm kev ya dav hlau thiab lub dav hlau hangar xav tau rau cov nkoj no, ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pab pawg dav hlau thiab txoj hauv kev siv cov neeg nqa khoom dav hlau.
Thawj zaug, rov qab rau xyoo 1922, lub dav hlau "tiag tiag" nkag mus rau hauv lub nkoj ntawm Nyij Pooj. Nws yog "Hosho": tus qauv txav chaw - 7470 tons, nrawm - 25 pob, huab cua pab pawg - 26 lub dav hlau, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv riam phom - plaub 140 -mm thiab ob rab phom 76 -mm, ob rab phom tshuab. Cov neeg Askiv, txawm hais tias lawv tau tso lawv Hermes ib xyoos ua ntej, muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ob xyoos tom qab. Thiab nyob rau xyoo dhau los ua ntej ua tsov rog xyoo dhau los, cov neeg Asmeskas tau mob siab rau tsim kev tsim cov dav hlau thauj cov dav hlau. Fabkis thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau sim tsim cov khoom thauj dav hlau niaj hnub no. Tom qab ua tsov rog, Graf Zeppelin tseem tsis tau tiav, uas peb tau txais los ntawm qhov kawg, tau dhau los ua neeg raug tsim txom ntawm Soviet cov kws tsav dav hlau uas tau foob nws tom qab ua tsov rog.
Nrog kev txhim kho lub dav hlau raws lub nkoj thiab cov txheej txheem kev qhia txog huab cua thiab siv txhua hnub, xws li cov chaw nres tsheb radar thiab xov tooj cua tshuab, nrog rau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv riam phom dav hlau thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov neeg nqa khoom. -cov dav hlau, tsis ntev los no "khoom ua si" thiab cov neeg nqa khoom dav hlau tsis txaus ntseeg maj mam dhau los ua lub zog loj tshaj hauv kev tawm tsam ntawm hiav txwv. Thiab thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1940, 21 Suordfish los ntawm British lub dav hlau thauj khoom Illastries, ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev poob ob lub dav hlau, tau poob peb ntawm rau rau ntawm Italian kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Taranto.
Thaum lub xyoo ua tsov rog, chav kawm ntawm cov dav hlau nqa khoom tau nthuav dav tas li. Quantitatively: thaum pib ua tsov rog, muaj 18 lub dav hlau thauj khoom, thiab ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, tau tsim 174 lub nkoj. Muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo: cov chav kawm tau tshwm sim - cov dav hlau thauj khoom loj, lub teeb thiab cov neeg taug kev, lossis saib xyuas, cov nqa khoom dav hlau. Lawv tau pib cais lawv raws li lawv lub hom phiaj: tawm tsam cov nkoj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, tawm tsam cov nkoj hauv nkoj lossis txhawb nqa kev nqis tes ua.
Thiab peb txhua tus hnov
Kev muaj peev xwm ntau thiab kev txhim kho nrawm ntawm radar ua rau nws yog ib qho ntawm cov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, uas txiav txim siab kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev siv tub rog thev naus laus zis hauv peb yam.
Yog lawm, kev txhim kho cov kev lag luam nyuaj thiab "kev paub zoo" pib ntev ua ntej tsov rog. Txij li thaum xyoo 1930s hauv tebchaws Yelemes, USSR, Great Britain, thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho tau pib ua "xov tooj cua nrhiav pom" ntawm cov khoom, feem ntau yog kev nyiam tiv thaiv huab cua (dav hlau tshawb pom dav hlau, tiv thaiv dav hlau) kev qhia phom loj, radars rau cov neeg tua hmo ntuj). Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, twb tau tsim xyoo 1938, Freya tau tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw nres tsheb ntev, tom qab ntawd Würzburg, thiab los ntawm xyoo 1940 German tiv thaiv huab cua tau muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov chaw ntawd. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, sab qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm tebchaws Askiv tau npog los ntawm lub network radars (Chain Home line), uas tau pom cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau nyob deb deb. Hauv USSR, los ntawm qhov pib ntawm Great Patriotic War, RUS-1 thiab RUS-2 "lub dav hlau ntes xov tooj cua" twb tau txais lawm, thawj tus kav hlau txais xov radar "Pegmatit", "Gneiss-1" dav hlau radar, thiab "Redut-K" lub nkoj radar tau tsim. Xyoo 1942, cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua tau txais SON-2a phom qhia chaw nres tsheb (muab raws li Qiv-Lease los ntawm Lus Askiv GL Mk II) thiab SON-2ot (daim ntawv theej ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb Askiv). Txawm hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw nyob hauv tsev me me, thaum ua tsov rog nyob rau Qiv-Lease, USSR tau txais ntau lub radars (1788 rau tiv thaiv dav hlau loj, nrog rau 373 tus tub rog thiab 580 aviation) tshaj li nws tsim (651). Kev nrhiav xov tooj cua tau pom tias yog txheej txheem pabcuam, nyuaj dhau thiab tseem tsis ntseeg tau.
American nruab nrab tank M4 ("Sherman") nrog rau 60-yeeb nkab launcher T34 "Calliope" rau 116-mm foob pob hluav taws. Cov kev teeb tsa no tau siv rau qhov txwv los ntawm Asmeskas txij li Lub Yim Hli 1944.
Lub caij no, txij thaum pib ua tsov rog, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov neeg nrhiav xov tooj cua hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv huab cua tau loj hlob. Twb tau thaum tshem tawm thawj qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg foob pob German hauv Moscow thaum Lub Xya Hli 22, 1941, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm RUS-1 chaw nres tsheb thiab Porfir chaw sim tau siv, thiab txog thaum kawg lub Cuaj Hli, 8 RUS cov chaw haujlwm twb tau ua haujlwm hauv Moscow tiv thaiv huab cua. cheeb tsam Ib yam RUS-2 tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm ib puag ncig Leningrad, SON-2 phom qhia chaw nres tsheb tau ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Moscow, Gorky, Saratov. Radars tsis tsuas yog hla cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag thiab lub suab ntsuas pom nyob hauv thaj tsam thiab lub hom phiaj pom tseeb (RUS-2 thiab RUS-2s pom lub dav hlau ntawm thaj tsam li 110-120 kis lus mev, ua rau nws tuaj yeem kwv yees lawv tus lej), tab sis kuj hloov lub network ntawm kev saib xyuas huab cua, ceeb toom thiab kev sib txuas lus. Thiab rab phom tsom cov chaw nres tsheb txuas nrog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv lub dav hlau tau ua rau nws tuaj yeem nce qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, hloov los ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws mus rau qhov hluav taws kub, thiab txo kev siv cov plhaub los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tshem tawm huab cua.
Txij li xyoo 1943, nws tau dhau los ua ib txwm muaj nyob hauv lub teb chaws kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua rau lub hom phiaj dav hlau nrog rau cov chaw ceeb toom ntxov ntawm RUS-2 lossis RUS-2s yam. Fighter pilot V. A. Zaitsev sau hauv nws phau ntawv muag khoom thaum Lub Rau Hli 27, 1944: "Nyob hauv tsev" tau ntsib nrog "Redoubt", kev teeb tsa radar … Lawv xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm raug. Tam sim no nws yuav, tuav, Fritzes!"
Txawm hais tias tsis ntseeg ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm radar tau tshwm sim tas li thiab nyob txhua qhov chaw, tus neeg soj ntsuam nrog tsom iav tau siv los ntseeg ntau dua. Tus Thawj Coj General M. M. Lobanov nco qab tias yuav ua li cas hauv cov tub rog tiv thaiv dav hlau, thaum nug txog kev siv xov tooj cua nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv, lawv teb tias: “Thiab dab ntxwg nyoog puas paub tias lawv raug lawm lossis tsis yog? Kuv tsis ntseeg tias koj tuaj yeem pom lub dav hlau tom qab huab ". Tus Kws Tshawb Fawb Txog Thawj Kav Tebchaws rau Prime Minister Churchill, Xibfwb F. A. Lindemann (Viscount Lord Cherwell), hais txog kev txhim kho H2S lub foob pob tawg pom luv luv: "Nws pheej yig." Lub caij no, H2S tau muab British Bomber Force tsis yog tsuas yog pom rau kev foob pob hauv qhov pom kev tsawg, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev pab qhia. Thaum cov kws tshaj lij German tau txheeb tawm qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg nrhiav lub foob pob ("Rotterdam ntsuas") tua thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1943 ze Rotterdam, Reichs Marshal Goering qw nrov nrov: "Kuv tus Vajtswv! Cov neeg Askiv tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov tsaus ntuj tiag! " Thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm no, German tus tiv thaiv huab cua hauv qab rau nws tau ua tiav ntev siv ntau hom radars (peb yuav tsum tau them se, German engineers thiab cov tub rog tau ua ntau yam rau kev siv dav dav ntawm radar). Tab sis tam sim no nws tau hais txog yav dhau los qhov tsis txaus ntseeg microwave ntau yam - cov phooj ywg tau pib ua tus tswv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntev ntawm centimeter.
Dab tsi hauv Navy? Thawj qhov chaw nres nkoj naval radar tau tshwm sim xyoo 1937 hauv tebchaws Askiv, thiab ib xyoos tom qab cov chaw haujlwm ntawd tau nyob ntawm cov nkoj Askiv - kev sib ntaus sib tua cruiser Hood thiab cruiser Sheffield. Neeg Asmeskas sib ntaus sib tua New York kuj tau txais lub radar, thiab cov kws tsim qauv German tau teeb tsa lawv thawj lub nkoj xa xov radar ntawm "nkoj sib ntaus sib tua" "Admiral Graf Spee" (1939).
Hauv Asmeskas Navy, los ntawm 1945, ntau dua ob lub kaum os radars tau tsim thiab tau txais, uas tau siv los tshuaj xyuas lub hom phiaj saum npoo av. Nrog lawv txoj kev pab, cov neeg tsav nkoj Asmeskas, piv txwv li, tau pom tus yeeb ncuab submarine nyob saum npoo av nyob deb li ntawm 10 mais, thiab dav hlau radars, uas tau tshwm sim ntawm Allies xyoo 1940, muab kev tshawb pom ntawm cov nkoj submarines nyob deb li ntawm 17 mais. Txawm tias "shark hlau" taug kev ntawm qhov tob ntawm ob peb meters tau pom los ntawm lub dav hlau radar ntawm lub dav hlau saib xyuas nyob deb li ntawm 5-6 mais (ntxiv mus, txij li xyoo 1942, lub radar tau txuas nrog lub zog "Lay" -hom kev tshawb pom nrog thaj tsam ntau dua 1.5 kilometers). Thawj qhov kev ua tiav loj hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv nkoj tau ua tiav nrog kev pab ntawm radar thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1941 - tom qab ntawd Askiv tau tsoo kom tsoo cov nkoj Italian ntawm Cape Matapan (Tenaron). Hauv Soviet Navy, twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1941, Russia tau tsim Redut-K radar tau teeb tsa ntawm Molotov CD, txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas huab cua lub hom phiaj, tsis yog lub hom phiaj saum npoo av (rau lub hom phiaj tom kawg, Soviet Navy tom qab ntawd nyiam qhov muag thiab cov cua sov nrhiav pom.). Thaum ua tsov rog, cov nkoj ntawm Soviet Navy siv feem ntau yog txawv teb chaws ua radars.
Tshaj tawm kev teeb tsa ntawm SON-2a rab phom lub hom phiaj radar (Lus Askiv GL-MkII). Raws li nws lub hauv paus, SON-2ot hauv tsev tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Red Army, SON-2 ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm nruab nrab-caliber anti-aircraft phom loj
Cov chaw radar kuj tau teeb tsa ntawm cov nkoj submarines: qhov no tau tso cai rau cov thawj coj kom ua tiav cov nkoj thiab cov nkoj thaum hmo ntuj thiab huab cua tsis zoo, thiab thaum Lub Yim Hli 1942, Cov tub rog German tau txais FuMB qhov system ntawm lawv pov tseg, uas ua rau nws txiav txim siab lub sijhawm tam sim no. submarine tau irradiated los ntawm radar ntawm lub nkoj lossis cov yeeb ncuab saib xyuas dav hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov thawj coj ntawm submarines, hla cov yeeb ncuab nkoj nruab nrog radars, pib nquag siv lub xov tooj cua tsis tseeb-lub hom phiaj sib piv, ua raws li lub submarine lub tsev.
Hydroacoustics, uas cov neeg qhuas tsis tau tso thawj qhov kev twv ua ntej ua tsov rog, kuj tau ua tiav zoo: sonars nrog txoj hauv kev nquag thiab dhau mus thiab suab hauv qab cov chaw sib tham tau tsim thiab coj mus rau ntau lawm. Thiab thaum Lub Rau Hli 1943, thawj lub nkoj sonar tau nkag rau hauv kev pabcuam nrog Asmeskas kev tiv thaiv kev tsav nkoj hauv nkoj.
Txawm hais tias qhov nyuaj ntawm kev siv lub thev naus laus zis tshiab, Allies tswj kom ua tiav qee yam txiaj ntsig nrog nws pab. Ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua tiav ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hydroacoustic buoys yog kev sib koom ua haujlwm txhawm rau tso lub nkoj German submarine U-575, nqa tawm thaum Lub Peb Hlis 13, 1944, nyob rau thaj tsam sab qaum teb hnub poob ntawm Azores.
Tom qab raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov foob pob poob los ntawm lub dav hlau saib xyuas Wellington, U-575 tau tshawb pom ob peb teev tom qab los ntawm lub dav hlau los ntawm lub dav hlau tis ntawm tus nqa lub dav hlau thauj khoom Baugh. Lub dav hlau tau xa mus rau ntawm RSL thiab tsom rau kev tiv thaiv lub nkoj submarine thiab dav hlau nrog lawv kev pab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab submarine. Lub dav hlau tiv thaiv submarine los ntawm 206th Air Squadron ntawm Royal Air Force, Asmeskas lub nkoj Haverfield thiab Hobson, thiab Canadian Prince Rupert tau koom nrog hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub nkoj German.
Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Tub Rog, lub nkoj sonar tau ua tiav los ntawm cov nkoj saum npoo av thiab cov nkoj txav me me: feem ntau lawv yog cov nkoj yos hav zoov. Thiab txhawm rau tawm tsam German lub suab ntsiag to torpedoes, Cov Phooj Ywg tau tsim lub suab nrov nrov, ua rau sab nraub qaum ntawm lub nkoj. German submariners siv dav siv cov mos txwv, uas ua rau cov yeeb ncuab tsis meej pem.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, siv tau thoob plaws hauv kev ua rog tag nrho, Soviet submarines tsis muaj radar lossis GAS. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kav hlau txais xov periscope tau tshwm sim ntawm cov submarines hauv tsev tsuas yog nyob rau nruab nrab xyoo 1944, thiab txawm tias tsuas yog xya lub nkoj me me xwb. Cov tub rog caij nkoj hauv tebchaws Soviet tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam periscope-free kev tawm tsam, uas tau dhau los ua tus qauv hauv cov nkoj ntawm lwm lub tebchaws, thiab txhawm rau tau txais thiab xa xov tooj cua tshaj tawm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau saum npoo.
Thiab txij li peb twb tau tham txog lub nkoj, cia peb nco ntsoov tias Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 2 yog lub sijhawm kub ntawm riam phom torpedo - txhua lub nkoj tau siv ntau txhiab tus torpedoes nyob rau xyoo ntawd. Lub nkoj submarine rog ntawm Navy ib leeg siv yuav luag 15,000 torpedoes! Nws yog thaum ntawd ntau cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho riam phom torpedo tau txiav txim siab, ua haujlwm uas txuas ntxiv mus rau niaj hnub no: kev tsim cov neeg tsis muaj tsev nyob thiab tsis muaj tsev nyob, kev txhim kho cov tshuab tsis muaj cua daj cua dub, tsim kev sib thooj ntawm ntau hom, tsim qauv tshiab, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua rau nkoj (nkoj) thiab dav hlau torpedoes. Tab sis kev siv phom loj ntawm submarines tau siv los tsis muaj dab tsi.
