Kuv xav hais txog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis raug cai: huab cua ntawm Balkan xeev. Kuv yuav pib nrog Bulgaria, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li ob peb tus neeg paub tias Bulgarians yog tus thib ob hauv ntiaj teb tom qab Italians siv dav hlau hauv kev ua tsov rog thiab tsim lawv tus kheej tsim cov qauv tsim.
Cov keeb kwm ntawm kev tsav dav hlau Bulgarian tau pib thaum lub Yim Hli 1892, thaum thawj qhov kev nthuav qhia thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam hauv Bulgaria tau muaj nyob hauv Plovdiv. Ib tus neeg koom nrog hauv qhov yeeb yam yog ib tus pioneer ntawm kev tsav dav hlau, tus neeg Fabkis Eugene Godard, uas tau ua ntau lub davhlau thaum lub Yim Hli 19 hauv nws lub "La France" balloon. Txhawm rau pab nws, "tus tswv" xa 12 sappers los ntawm Sofia cov tub rog nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Tub Rog Basil Zlatarov. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev pabcuam, tus neeg tsav dav hlau tau coj tus tub ceev xwm nrog nws nyob ntawm ib lub davhlau. Ua ke nrog lawv, lwm tus tub rog Bulgarian, Lieutenant Kostadin Kenchev, coj qhov chaw hauv pob tawb La France.
Qhov kev txaus siab ntawm lub davhlau thiab kev ua tiav ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lub dav hlau rau kev ua tub rog tau yuam Zlatarov kom "tsoo lub qhov rooj" ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm txhawm rau siv balloons hauv kev ua tub rog, uas nws thaum kawg ua tiav. Los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab tshaj plaws No. 28 ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 20, 1906, pawg tub rog [tub rog caij dav hlau] nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Vasil Zlatarov tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm pab tub rog tsheb ciav hlau (pab tub rog) [tub rog hlau] ntawm pab tub rog Bulgarian. Txog lub sijhawm no, pab pawg twb muaj nyob rau tsawg kawg ib hlis thiab tau ua haujlwm nrog ob tus tub ceev xwm, peb tus tub rog thiab 32 tus neeg ntiag tug. Thaum xub thawj, chav tsev muaj ib lub dav hlau 360 m3 uas tso cai rau kev soj ntsuam los ntawm qhov siab ntawm 400-500 m. Thaum pib xyoo 1912, thawj lub dav hlau Bulgarian tau tsim, hu ua "Sofia-1", tau tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav khoom hauv Russia Nov yog daim ntawv theej ntawm "Godard", uas tau tso cai kom nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 600 m.
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab hnyav dua li huab cua tsis tau ploj mus tsis pom hauv Bulgaria ib yam. Xyoo 1912, pab pawg tub rog Bulgarian tau xa mus rau Fabkis los qhia cov kws tsav dav hlau thiab cov kws tshaj lij dav hlau.
Thawj qhov kev siv aviation Bulgarian rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog tau tshwm sim thaum Thawj Tsov Rog Balkan. Thaum 9:30 teev sawv ntxov Lub Kaum Hli 29, 1912, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Radul Milkov tau tawm hauv Albatross thiab ua lub davhlau tshawb nrhiav 50 feeb hauv thaj tsam Adrianople. Tus neeg soj ntsuam yog Lieutenant Prodan Tarakchiev. Thaum thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov dav hlau nyob ntawm thaj chaw European, cov neeg ua haujlwm tau tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov yeeb ncuab txoj haujlwm, nrhiav pom qhov chaw khaws cia, thiab tseem tau tso ob lub foob pob foob pob ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau Karaagach.
Cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb hauv dav hlau tseem tsis tau muaj, yog li kev foob pob tsuas yog tsom tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ncaj ncees cuam tshuam rau tus yeeb ncuab.
Txog thaum kawg Lub Ib Hlis 1913, Bulgaria twb muaj 29 lub dav hlau thiab 13 tus kws tsav dav hlau lees paub (8 ntawm lawv yog neeg txawv teb chaws).
Bulgarian aircraft ntawm Thawj Balkan Tsov Rog
Xyoo 1914, lub tsev kawm ya dav hlau [lub tsev kawm dav hlau] tau qhib hauv Sofia, uas tau hloov pauv thaum Lub Kaum Hli xyoo ntawm xyoo tom ntej mus rau Bozhurishche tshav dav hlau (10 km sab hnub poob ntawm lub nroog). Ntawm kaum tus tub rog nyob hauv thawj pawg, xya leej tau lees paub rau kev qhia dav hlau.
Thaum thawj xyoo ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, lub tebchaws Bulgarian nyob deb ntawm kev ua tsov rog loj, tab sis tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab koom nrog kev sib koom ua ke uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes, Austria-Hungary thiab Qaib Cov Txwv.
Ua ntej muaj kev tawm tsam kev ua phem, pab tub rog Bulgarian tsuas muaj ib lub dav hlau sib cais, coj los ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Radul Milkov. Nws yog tus saib xyuas rau rau tus kws tsav dav hlau, yim tus neeg soj ntsuam thiab 109 tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv av nrog tsib lub dav hlau: 2 Albatrosses thiab 3 Bleriot (ib leeg thiab ob npaug).
Thaum ua tsov rog, peb tus kws tsav dav hlau Bulgarian tau ya 1272 qhov kev sib tw, ua rau 67 kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv huab cua, uas lawv yeej peb yeej. Tus kheej kev sib ntaus sib tua poob ntau txog 11 lub dav hlau, suav nrog 6 hauv kev sib ntaus hauv huab cua (plaub raug tua, ob leeg tau raug puas tsuaj ntau heev uas lawv kho tsis tau).
Bulgarian aircraft ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb
Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 24, 1918, Tsoomfwv Bulgarian tau tig mus rau Entente lub tebchaws nrog thov kom xaus kev ua phem, thiab thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 29, 1918, tau kos npe rau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb hauv nroog Thessaloniki. Raws li kev pom zoo, qhov loj ntawm pab tub rog Bulgarian tau raug txo qis, thiab cov tub rog tau raug tshem tawm. Txog rau xyoo 1929, Bulgaria tau tso cai kom muaj cov dav hlau dav hlau nkaus xwb.
Txawm li cas los xij, Bulgarians txuas ntxiv txhim kho lawv txoj kev lag luam aviation. Yog li, 1925-1926. hauv Bozhurishte, thawj lub dav hlau cog tau tsim - DAR (Darzhavna aeroplanna laborer), qhov twg tsim cov dav hlau pib. Thawj lub dav hlau Bulgarian yog kev qhia paub DAR U-1, tsim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij German Herman Winter raws li German DFW C. V kev tshawb nrhiav dav hlau, thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1. Lub dav hlau muaj lub cav German Benz IV, uas tso cai nrawm mus txog 170 km / h. thiab tau tso tawm hauv koob me me.
Bulgarian kev qhia dav hlau DAR U-1
Ua raws li DAR U-1, cov dav hlau DAR-2 tau tshwm sim. Nov yog daim ntawv theej ntawm lub dav hlau German "Albatros C. III". DAR-2 muaj cov qauv ntoo thiab tsis zoo li qhov qub German.
DAR-2 kev cob qhia dav hlau
Thaum lub DAR U-1 thiab DAR-2 tab tom raug tsim, lub chaw lis haujlwm tsim tau npaj tus qauv tsim thawj-DAR-1.
Nov yog yuav ua li cas lub dav hlau tau tshwm sim, uas yog lub hom phiaj los ua "rooj cob qhia" rau ntau pua tus neeg tsav dav hlau Bulgarian. DAR-1 thiab nws qhov kev txhim kho ntawm DAR-1A nrog lub tshuab German Walter-Vega tau ya mus txog xyoo 1942, txawm hais tias ntau lub tsheb cob qhia niaj hnub tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Qhov zoo ntawm lub tshuab tau piav qhia zoo los ntawm qhov tseeb no. Xyoo 1932, tus kws tsav dav hlau Petanichev tau ua 127 txoj kab tuag rau nws rau 18 feeb.
[nruab nrab] DAR-1
DAB-1A
Kev ua tiav ntawm qhov kev tsim qauv no yog lub zog rau kev tsim lub dav hlau DAR-3 tom ntej, twb tau xeeb los ua tus saib xyuas thiab lub foob pob tawg. Xyoo 1929, tsab ntawv tau npaj tiav. DAR-3, hu ua "Garvan" ("Raven"), yog ob lub rooj zaum uas muaj ob lub tog zaum nrog cov tis trapezoidal ntawm cov tuab tuab. Lub dav hlau tau tsim nrog peb hom cav thiab muaj peb qho kev hloov pauv: "Garvan I" muaj American "Wright-Cyclone" cav; "Garvan II" German Siemens-Jupiter; qhov kev nthuav dav tshaj plaws ntawm Garvan III yog Italian Alfa-Romeo R126RP34 nrog 750 hp, uas tso cai ceev tshaj plaws ntawm 265 km / h. Lub dav hlau tau ua haujlwm txog thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II thiab qee leej ntawm lawv tau koom nrog nws ua kev sib txuas lus dav hlau.
DAR-3 Garvan III
Thaum thawj lub dav hlau pib tsim hauv Bozhurishte xyoo 1926, nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Kazanlak, Czechoslovak tuam txhab AERO-Prague pib tsim lub tsev tsim khoom dav hlau. Tab sis thaum lub Hoobkas tab tom tsim, nws tau hloov pauv tias cov tshuab tau muab los ntawm AERO tsis ua tau raws li Bulgarian cov cai. Kev tshaj tawm tau tshaj tawm, uas yog lub tuam txhab Italian Caproni di Milano yeej. Nws tau ua tiav kaum xyoo los tsim lub dav hlau, pom zoo los ntawm cov kev pabcuam Bulgarian uas muaj peev xwm, ua kom siv tau ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos thiab kev ua haujlwm. Tom qab lub sijhawm no, lub tuam txhab tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej ntawm lub xeev Bulgarian. Tus thawj tsim qauv ntawm Kaproni-Bulgarian yog tus kws tsim txuj ci Calligaris, thiab nws tus lwm thawj yog tus kws tsim txuj ci Abbati.
Thawj lub dav hlau tsim ntawm lub hoobkas yog Peperuda (Npauj Npaim) tus kws qhia KB-1 tsim tawm hauv cov kab me me, uas tau rov tsim dua yuav luag tsis hloov pauv los ntawm lub dav hlau Italian Caproni Ca.100, nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
KWB-1
KB-1 yeej DAR-6 kev qhia ua haujlwm thib ob-thawj qhov kev txhim kho ywj pheej ntawm tus kws tsim lub dav hlau Bulgarian uas yog xibfwb Lazarov: lub dav hlau thiab thev naus laus zis zoo.
DAR-6 nrog Walter Mars cav
Hauv xyoo 1930s, kev sib koom tes ntawm tsoomfwv cov zej zog ntawm Bulgaria, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis tau pib, suav nrog hauv kev ua tub rog kev koom tes, uas muaj zog ntxiv tom qab kev ua tub rog thaum lub Tsib Hlis 19, 1934.
Lub dav hlau KB-2UT thib ob, tsim tawm hauv cov kab me me thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1934, yog qhov sib piv ntawm Italian Caproni-Ka.113 tus neeg tua rog nrog 10% nce qhov loj me thiab ob chav cockpit. Cov dav hlau tsis txaus siab rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau Bulgarian vim tsis pom kev zoo los ntawm tus kws tsav dav hlau lub dav hlau, qhov nyiam mus rau qhov ntswg thiab qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm tus neeg tsav nkoj lub cockpit.
KB-2 UAS
Kev tsis ua tiav thawj zaug ntawm KB-1 thiab KB-2UT ua rau xa cov pab pawg ntawm Bulgarian cov kws tsav dav hlau los ntawm DAR cog, coj los ntawm Tsvetan Lazarov tau hais txog, mus rau Kaproni-Bulgarian cog. Xyoo 1936, los ntawm KB-2UT, lawv tau tsim lub dav hlau tshiab, KB-2A, hu ua Chuchuliga (Lark) nrog lub hnub qub zoo li German cua txias cua Walter-Castor cav, uas tso cai ceev tshaj plaws ntawm 212 km / h.
KB-2A "Chuchuliga"
Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau nws tus kheej txoj kev txhim kho thiab tsim khoom ntawm kev qhia dav hlau, Bulgaria pib tau txais cov dav hlau sib ntaus los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Yog li, xyoo 1936, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau muab 12 Heinkel He 51 thiab 12 Arado Ar 65 tus neeg tua rog rau Bulgarian Air Force, ntxiv rau 12 Dornier Do 11 foob pob. Yog lawm, ob tus neeg tua hluav taws thiab cov foob pob tawg dhau lawm thiab tau hloov pauv hauv Luftwaffe los ntawm cov tshuab siv niaj hnub no, tab sis raws li koj paub, "tsis txhob saib qhov khoom plig sib ntaus hauv lub qhov ncauj …" Cov neeg tua rog German thiab cov foob pob tawg yog thawj lub dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua Bulgarian Air Force.
Fighter Heinkel He-51B Bulgarian Air Force
Fighter Arado Ar 65 Bulgarian Air Force
Kho lub cav ntawm Ua 11D ntawm Bulgarian Air Force
Kaum Ib Heinkel He-51s muaj txoj sia nyob mus txog rau xyoo 1942 thiab txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm raws li kev qhia dav hlau rau qee lub sijhawm. Arado Ar 65, uas tau nkag rau kev pabcuam xyoo 1937 nyob rau hauv lub npe 7027 "Dav Dav Dav Hlau" dav hlau, tau hloov mus rau lub tsev kawm ya dav hlau xyoo 1939, thiab tau siv los ua tsheb thauj mus los txog rau thaum xyoo 1943; lub dav hlau zaum kawg tau tso tseg xyoo 1944. Dornier Ua 11 raws li kev tsim 7028 Prilep, siv txog thaum kawg xyoo 1943, tshem tawm los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24, 1943.
Xyoo 1936, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tseem tau muab 12 lub Heinkel He 45 lub teeb pom kev rau lub foob pob nrog qhov nrawm tshaj ntawm 270 km / h, muaj riam phom nrog 2 lub tshuab phom ntawm 7 caliber, 92-mm synchronous MG-17 thiab
MG-15 ntawm lub khoos phis tawj mobile nyob tom qab ntawm lub cockpit, muaj peev xwm nqa tau txog 300 kg ntawm cov foob pob.
Teeb pom kev foob pob He.45c ntawm Bulgarian Air Force
Cov neeg Bulgarians tau xaj 18 ntxiv Heinkel Nws 46 lub foob pob tshawb pom lub foob pob, muaj lub zog loj dua 14-lub tog raj kheej cua txias Panther V lub cav, nrog rau qee qhov kev txhawb nqa ntxiv thiab cov khoom siv txav mus los txhawm rau txhawm rau hnyav ntawm lub cav hnyav uas tsim los ntawm Gothaer Wagon Factories raws li lub npe He.46eBu (Bulgarian) xyoo 1936.
Teeb pom kev foob pob He.46
Nrog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, kev qhia dav hlau 6 Heinkel He.72 KADETT, Fw. 44 Steiglitz thiab Fw. 58 Weihe tuaj txog hauv Bulgaria los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Tsis tas li xyoo 1938, ob txoj kev thauj Junkers Ju 52 / 3mg4e tau txais los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees rau Bulgarian Air Force. Hauv Bulgaria, Ju 52 / 3m tau ua haujlwm kom txog thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1950.
Junkers Ju 52 / 3mg4e thauj dav hlau
Txawm li cas los xij, kev muab cov dav hlau tua rog German dhau los tsis txaus siab rau Bulgarians thiab lawv pib nrhiav lwm tus neeg muag khoom. Great Britain thiab Fabkis poob tam sim ntawd, txij li lawv txhawb nqa qhov hu ua. lub teb chaws ntawm "Kev Nkag Nkag Me Me": Yugoslavia, Tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Romania, uas Bulgarians muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv thaj av, yog li lawv txoj kev xaiv poob rau Poland. Tsawg tus neeg paub, tab sis nyob rau 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, Poland tsis yog tsuas yog txaus siab rau qhov xav tau ntawm nws Cov Tub Rog Cua, tab sis tseem nquag muab cov dav hlau xa tawm. Yog li ntawd, xyoo 1937, 14 PZL P-24В cov neeg tua rog tau yuav los ntawm tus Pole, uas yog qhov ua tiav ntawm "pob nyiaj siv" kev sib ntaus rau cov tebchaws txom nyem thiab twb tau ua haujlwm nrog Bulgaria cov neeg nyob ze: Greece, Romania thiab Turkey, thiab ob tom kawg tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tso cai. Ua tsaug rau lub cav muaj zog dua, nws tau nrawm dua ntawm P11 lub dav hlau ua rau Polish Air Force. Lub dav hlau tau nruab nrog lub cav Fab Kis Gnome-Rhône 14N.07 nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 970 hp, uas tso cai kom mus txog qhov nrawm txog 414 km / h, siv 4 7, 92-mm Colt Browning tshuab rab phom nyob hauv tis. Bulgarian R.24B tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam thib ob sib ntaus sib tua bracken (cov tub rog), xyoo 1940 lawv tau hloov mus rau chav qhia, thiab xyoo 1942 lawv tau rov qab mus rau qhov thib 2 bracken. Feem ntau ntawm lawv tau raug rhuav tshem xyoo 1944 los ntawm Asmeskas kev foob pob.
Cov dav hlau PZL P-24
Fighter PZL P-24 Greek Air Force
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, PZL P-43 lub foob pob foob pob tau xaj hauv tebchaws Poland, uas yog tus qauv ntawm Polish Air Force PZL P-23 KARAS lub foob pob foob pob nrog lub cav muaj zog dua. Txog thaum kawg xyoo 1937, Bulgarian Air Force tau txais thawj 12 PZL P-43A lub dav hlau, nruab nrog Fab Kis Gnome-Rhone cav (930 hp), uas tau txais lub npe Chaika hauv Bulgarian Air Force. Tsis zoo li P-23, lub dav hlau no muaj ob rab phom tshuab pem hauv ntej thiab lub kaus mom yooj yim dua.
Lub foob pob foob pob PZL P-43A ntawm Bulgarian Air Force
Kev ua haujlwm tau lees paub lawv cov yam ntxwv dav dav, thiab Bulgarians tau xaj lwm 36 P-43s, tab sis nrog "Gnome-Rhone" 14N-01 cav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 980 hp. Qhov kev hloov kho no tau xaiv P-43B. Lub foob pob muaj cov neeg ntawm 3 tus neeg, tsim kev nrawm tshaj plaws hauv av ntawm 298 km / h, ntawm qhov siab ntawm 365 km / h thiab nqa cov riam phom hauv qab no: ib qho 7.9 mm pem hauv ntej tshuab rab phom thiab ob lub 7,7 mm Vickers tshuab phom hauv lub nraub qaum thiab sab nraub qaum txoj haujlwm; 700 kg pob thauj khoom ntawm cov foob pob sab nraud
Lub foob pob foob pob PZL P-43В Bulgarian Air Force
Tom qab ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim tau nce mus rau 42 chav nrog hnub xa khoom rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1939. Tab sis thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Czechoslovakia los ntawm Nazi pab tub rog, npaj-xa-P-43s tau thov ib ntus rau Polish Air Force. Cov neeg Bulgarians tsis txaus siab thiab thov kom cov Tub Ceev Xwm rov xa lub dav hlau mus rau lawv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tom qab kev yaum ntau, 33 lub dav hlau raug xa mus rau Bulgarians, thiab seem 9 tau npaj rau xa thiab thauj mus rau hauv lub tsheb loj thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1. Cov neeg German, uas ntes Poland, tsis tau muab lub dav hlau rau Bulgarians ib yam nkaus, thiab thaum kawg xyoo 1939 lawv kho txhua lub dav hlau uas raug ntes thiab ua rau lawv cob qhia foob pob.
Lub foob pob foob pob PZL P-43B ntawm lub chaw cob qhia Rechlin, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees
Cov neeg foob pob Bulgarian tsis koom nrog hauv kev ua tsov rog, tab sis tau ua lub luag haujlwm zoo, rau qee lub sijhawm lawv tau tsim lub nraub qaum ntawm kev ua phem ya dav hlau. Qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1939, cov foob pob no tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Pab Pawg Tub Rog thib 1 ntawm peb pawg tub rog, uas tseem muaj 11 lub dav hlau qhia. Rau qee lub sijhawm lawv tau khaws cia, thiab txij xyoo 1942 cov neeg Polish P.43s tau raug xa mus rau cov tsev kawm dav hlau, hloov lawv nrog German Ju.87D-5 cov foob pob foob pob.
Ntxiv rau kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau, Poland tseem muab 5 PWS-16bis kev qhia dav hlau.
Bulgarian PWS-16bis
Txhua qhov kev yuav khoom no tau tso cai nyob rau xyoo 1937 Bulgarian Tsar Boris III kom rov txhim kho Bulgarian cov tub rog dav hlau raws li kev ywj pheej ntawm cov tub rog, muab nws lub npe "Nws Majesty's Air Force". Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1938, 7 tus kws tsav dav hlau Bulgarian tau mus rau Lub Tebchaws Yelemees mus rau Verneuchen lub dav hlau tua rog lub tsev kawm ntawv, nyob 25 km sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Berlin, rau kev qhia. Nyob ntawd lawv yuav tsum hla peb chav kawm ib zaug - cov neeg tua rog, cov kws qhia thiab cov thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog sib ntaus. Ntxiv mus, lawv txoj kev kawm tau ua tiav raws li tib txoj cai raws li kev qhia ntawm cov kws tsav dav hlau thiab cov kws qhia rau Luftwaffe. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, 5 tus kws tsav dav hlau Bulgarian ntxiv tuaj txog hauv tebchaws Yelemes. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm kawm ob tus kws tsav dav hlau Bulgarian raug tua, cov kws tsav dav hlau tau ua tiav qhov kev sib ntaus tshiab tshaj plaws hauv German Messerschmitt Bf.109, thiab tawm hauv Tebchaws Yelemees thaum Lub Xya Hli 1939. Tag nrho 15 tus kws tsav dav hlau Bulgarian tau kawm hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Tsis ntev lawv txhua tus tau raug xa mus rau lub tsev kawm dav hlau tua rog ntawm tshav dav hlau Marnopol, 118 km sab hnub tuaj ntawm Sofia. Nyob ntawd lawv tau cob qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas tsav dav hlau uas tom qab tsim lub nraub qaum ntawm Bulgarian lub dav hlau tua rog.
Kev cob qhia tsav dav hlau Bulgarian hauv tebchaws Yelemes
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim kho nws tus kheej lub dav hlau Bulgarian txuas ntxiv. Xyoo 1936, tus kws tsim choj Kiril Petkov tau tsim DAR-8 "Glory" ("Nightingale") ob tus neeg caij dav hlau qhia dav hlau-Bulgarian zoo nkauj tshaj plaws.
DAR-8 "Hwjchim ci ntsa iab"
Raws li DAR-6, uas tsis nkag mus rau hauv koob, nws tsim DAR-6A, uas, tom qab kev txhim kho ntxiv, tig mus rau DAR-9 "Siniger" ("Tit"). Nws ua tiav qhov ua tau zoo ntawm German kev qhia dav hlau "Heinkel 72", "Focke-Wulf 44" thiab "Avia-122", thiab hauv txoj hauv kev uas yuav tsis ua rau muaj ntawv pov thawj los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Rau Bulgaria qhov no tau cawm 2 lab kub leva. Qhov kev suav sau no yuav xav tau rau kev yuav daim ntawv tso cai rau Focke-Wulf thaum muaj kev npaj tsim cov PV 44 hauv DAR-Bozhurishte. Ib qho ntxiv, kev them nyiaj ntxiv ntawm 15 txhiab kub leva tau xav tau rau txhua lub dav hlau tsim tawm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ib lub dav hlau FV-44 "Stieglitz" tau yuav hauv Tebchaws Yelemees tus nqi ntau npaum li ob lub dav hlau DAR-9 tsim hauv Bulgaria. "Tits" tau ua haujlwm kom txog thaum nruab nrab-50s raws li kev qhia dav hlau hauv kev ua tub rog dav hlau thiab ya ya. Tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, 10 lub dav hlau ntawm hom no tau pauv mus rau Yugoslav Air Force rov tsim dua tshiab. Thiab hnub no, hauv Zagreb Technical Museum, koj tuaj yeem pom DAR-9 nrog cov cim ntawm Yugoslav Air Force.
DAR-9 "Siniger" nrog Siemens Sh-14A cav
Kev tsim kho dav hlau txuas ntxiv ntawm Kaproni-Bulgarian cog. Raws li KB -2A "Chuchuliga" ("Lark"), kev hloov kho ntawm "Chuchuliga" -I, II thiab III tau tsim, ntawm qhov uas tau tsim 20, 28 thiab 45 lub tsheb, feem.
Kev cob qhia dav hlau KB-3 "Chuchuliga I"
Lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav lub teeb thiab kev qhia dav hlau KB-4 "Chuchuliga II"
Lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav lub teeb thiab kev qhia dav hlau KB-4 "Chuchuliga II" ntawm tshav dav hlau
Tsis tas li ntawd, KB-5 "Chuchuliga-III" tau tsim los ua lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav thiab lub dav hlau tua hluav taws. Nws tau siv riam phom nrog ob lub 7, 71mm Vickers K rab phom tshuab thiab tuaj yeem nqa 8 foob pob hnyav 25 kg txhua. Raws li lub tsheb cob qhia, KB-5 ya hauv Air Force units txog rau thaum ntxov 50s.
Xyoo 1939, lub tuam txhab Kaproni Bulgarian pib tsim lub dav hlau dav dav KB-6, uas tom qab tau txais lub npe KB-309 Papagal (Parrot). Nws tau tsim los ntawm Italian Caproni - Ca 309 Ghibli thiab tau siv los ua lub dav hlau thauj khoom, muaj peev xwm nqa tau 10 tus neeg caij tsheb lossis 6 tus neeg raug mob ntawm lub ncab; kev cob qhia foob pob, uas ob lub foob pob foob pob tau muab tso rau ntawm nws, txhua rau 16 lub teeb (12 kg) foob pob; ntxiv rau kev cob qhia cov neeg siv xov tooj cua, uas lawv tau teeb tsa cov cuab yeej siv xov tooj cua thiab tsim plaub qhov chaw ua haujlwm rau kev qhia. Tag nrho ntawm 10 lub tshuab tau tsim, uas ya hauv ib feem ntawm Bulgarian Air Force txog thaum 1946. Cov tsheb Bulgarian sib txawv los ntawm lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm lub cav muaj zog dua, tus qauv zoo li tus, lub cev tsim thiab cov txheej txheem ci. Lub davhlau kev ua tau zoo ntawm Parrot tau zoo dua li hauv tebchaws Ltalis, vim nws tau tsav los ntawm ob lub 8-lub tog raj kheej hauv kab V-hom cua txias Argus Raws li 10C lub cav. Lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub cav no yog 176.4 kW / 240 hp. tiv thaiv 143 kW / 195 HP Lub dav hlau Italian nrog lub cav Alfa-Romeo 115.
KB-6 "Papagal"
KB-11 "Fazan" yog lub dav hlau zaum kawg tsim thiab tsim ntau hauv Kazanlak. Nws tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tw xyoo 1939 rau lub dav hlau tua lub dav hlau rau pem hauv ntej aviation, uas tau xav tias yuav hloov pauv Polish PZL P-43. "Pheasants" tau xub tsim muaj lub tshuab Italian 770 hp Alfa-Romeo 126RC34. (6 lub tsheb tau tsim tawm tag nrho). Tsuas yog ua ntej pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe los ntawm Bulgaria thiab Poland rau kev tsim kho PZL-37 LOS cov foob pob thiab Bristol-Pegasus XXI cov cav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 930 hp tau xa tuaj. rau lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev txuas nrog kev tawm tsam Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, daim ntawv cog lus tau xaus thiab nws tau txiav txim siab los teeb tsa lub tshuab siv ntawm KB-11. Lub dav hlau nruab nrog lub cav tshiab tau hu ua KB-11A, tsim kom muaj qhov nrawm tshaj plaws ntawm 394 km / h thiab muaj ob rab phom tshuab ua ke thiab ib rab phom tshuab ntxaib los tiv thaiv lub ntiaj teb tom qab. Lawv nqa 400 kg foob pob. Tag nrho 40 KB-11 chav nyob tau tsim. Lub dav hlau tau ua haujlwm nrog Bulgarian Air Force los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 1941. Nws tau siv hauv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Bulgarian thiab Yugoslav cov neeg sab nrauv. Lub dav hlau tau koom nrog thawj theem ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Xyoo 1944-1945 (qhov no yog li cas kev ua tub rog ntawm cov tub rog Bulgarian tawm tsam Yelemes thaum kawg Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau hu hauv Bulgaria). Tab sis vim yog qhov zoo sib xws rau tus yeeb ncuab Henschel-126s uas tau tawm tsam Bulgarian txoj haujlwm, cov tub rog hauv av tau tua lawv, thiab Air Force hais kom coj cov tsheb no tawm ntawm kev tawm tsam. Tom qab tsov rog, 30 "Fazans" tau xa mus rau Yugoslav Air Force.
Lub foob pob foob pob Bulgarian thiab lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav KB-11A
Bulgarian thiab Soviet cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm KB-11 "Fazan" dav hlau, lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1944
KB-11 "Fazan" tau txais los ntawm Bulgarian Air Force nyob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab los ntawm tus poj niam ntawm Tsar Boris, Poj huab tais Joanna-tus qub ntxhais fuabtais Giovanna ntawm Savoy, tus ntxhais ntawm Tus Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Ltalis, hloov qhov zoo dua DAR-10 lub dav hlau ntawm tus kws tshaj lij Tsvetan Lazarov, uas tau tsim kom raug raws li lub dav hlau tua. DAR-10 yog ib lub cav, cantilever monoplane nrog lub tis qis thiab tsaws tsaws tsaws tsaws tsag, npog tag nrog rau kev ncaj ncees aerodynamic (khau bast). Nws tau nruab nrog lub tshuab Italian Alfa Romeo 126 RC34, nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 780 hp, tso cai rau siab tshaj plaws ntawm 410 km / h. Ua tub rog nrog rab phom 20 hli sib dhos, ob rab phom tshuab rab phom 7.92 hli nyob hauv tis thiab ib rab phom tshuab 7.92 hli los tiv thaiv ntu ntu. Nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tawg ob qho tib si los ntawm kev ya dav hlau thiab thaum dhia nrog cov foob pob ntawm 100 kg caliber (4 pcs.) Thiab 250 kg (1 foob pob hauv qab fuselage).
Bulgarian nres dav hlau DAR-10A
Xyoo 1941, daim ntawv cog lus ntawm Caproni di Milano ruaj nrog lub xeev Bulgarian tau tas sijhawm. Cov nroj tsuag nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Kazanlak tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv lub xeev lub dav hlau chaw tsim khoom, uas tau muaj txog thaum xyoo 1954.
Raws li kuv tau sau los saum toj no, Cov neeg Bulgarians tau npaj tsim daim ntawv tso cai tsim ntawm Polish nruab nrab lub foob pob PZL-37 LOS ("Los"), ntxiv rau, 15 lub foob pob raug xaj.
Bomber PZL-37В LOS YOG Polish Air Force
Cov nroj tsuag tseem tau npaj yuav pib tso cai tsim khoom ntawm Polish PZL P-24 cov neeg tua rog. Ua ntej Lub Cuaj Hli 1, 1939, pab pawg Polish engineers tuaj txog hauv Bulgaria nrog cov phiaj xwm rau lub chaw xaj khoom. Cov kws tshaj lij hauv tebchaws Poland tau txais tos txais tos, lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig Bulgarian cov tub rog xaj thiab thauj los ntawm Bulgarian txoj kev txawj ntse mus rau Cairo, vim tias nws tau txaus ntshai rau lawv nyob hauv Bulgaria, qhov chaw Gestapo cov neeg sawv cev tau pib tshwm sim ntau thiab ntau zaus. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv xa los ntawm Tus Tsov Rog, tau tsim ib lub cog, qhov twg cov khoom siv ntawm thawj lub dav hlau Bulgarian cog cog - DAR (Darzhavna aeroplanna laborer) los ntawm Bozhurishte tau hloov pauv tom qab, cuam tshuam nrog kev tawm tsam Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab kev hem thawj ntawm yeeb ncuab foob pob. Tab sis ntau ntxiv txog qhov ntawd …
