Hauv kev ua haujlwm dhau los, peb tau nres ntawm lub sijhawm "kev ua haujlwm ntawm Varangians". Yuav ua li cas cov xwm txheej tom ntej raug txiav txim siab hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb niaj hnub no - qhov no yuav tham txog hauv kab lus no.
Txoj hauj lwm
Hauv cov xwm txheej thaum pab pawg East Slavic, sawv ntawm pab pawg neeg theem ntawm kev txhim kho, tau ua tiav thaj tsam hav zoov ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Europe, muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim uas txhawb kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tuam txhab hauv xeev thaum ntxov.
Kev sau keeb kwm ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Slavs pib nrog cov xwm txheej uas cov Slavs koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam nrog pab pawg neeg nyob sib ze. Cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb, Radimichi thiab Vyatichi, uas nyob ntawm hav zoov-steppe ciam teb, tau raug them se los ntawm kev tsim nomadic ntawm Khazars. Cov lus nug ntawm khoom plig ntawm Polyans rau Khazars tseem qhib.
Nrog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau los - "khoom plig", peb yuav hla ntau dua ib zaug hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm Slavs, yog li nws xav tau kev qhia meej.
Khoom plig - them nyiaj rau cov neeg yeej los ntawm kev kov yeej, hauv Lavxias qub. Dab tsi ua rau cov khoom plig zoo ib yam li kev them nuj nqis, tab sis nws tau them hauv ib pob nyiaj, thiab cov khoom plig tau them tas li. Nws tsis yog se, txij li cov se yog cov txheej txheem rau kev them nyiaj hauv zej zog, thiab khoom plig ib txwm mus sab nraud. Qhov twg muaj khoom plig, muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.
Khoom plig yog kev yeem yeem lossis yuam kev them nyiaj hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj tus swb thiab tus yeej, ntsuas kev txhiv dim thiab them nyiaj rau kev nyab xeeb. Nws yog ib daim ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua phem uas tsis cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ntawm ib pawg neeg hauv zej zog. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, qhov tshwm sim yog ua kom txaj muag thiab txaj muag rau cov neeg uas xa tuaj - cov khoom seem.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau sab qaum teb, Vikings tau pib ua khoom plig los ntawm Slavs thiab lawv cov neeg nyob sib ze, pab pawg neeg Finnish. Slavic Slovenia, Krivichi thiab Finnish Merya, Chud thiab tag nrho cov koom ua ke thiab tshem tawm cov yeeb ncuab, tab sis tom qab ntawd lawv tau pib sib ntaus ntawm lawv tus kheej: ib pab pawg tau sawv los, vim qhov uas "ua rau hu Varangians" ua qhov chaw.
Hu - keeb kwm, paub ntawm lwm haiv neeg. Cov neeg Askiv, Celtic cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv, tau caw Saxons mus rau tebchaws Askiv los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam los ntawm sab qaum teb:
Vidukind of Corvey nyob rau xyoo pua 6 hais tias, "Cov neeg Askiv tsis muaj hmoo, nkees nkees los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tas li thiab yog li ntawd txaj muag heev, tau hnov txog qhov kev ua tau zoo uas koj yeej, xa peb mus rau koj nrog thov tawm (cov Britons) yam tsis muaj kev pab. (Cov neeg Askiv) tau npaj los muab lawv lub tebchaws loj, tsis muaj qhov kawg, muaj txiaj ntsig ntau yam."
Tab sis qhov tshwm sim, Saxons, thiab tom qab lawv thiab lwm pab pawg neeg Germanic, tau pom qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov neeg Askiv, tau ntes Askiv.
Rurik thiab nws cov kwv tij tuaj nrog lawv cov txheeb ze, nrog rau tag nrho ntawm Russia mus rau "nplua nuj thiab nplua nuj" lub tebchaws. Cia peb hais txog, nrog tsev neeg, tsis nrog cov neeg txheeb ze, tsis nrog cov neeg, tab sis nrog tsev neeg:
“Lawv nyiam kev huv hauv lawv cov khaub ncaws. Txawm tias txiv neej, Ibn-Dast tau sau txog cov neeg Lavxias, hnav cov hlua tes kub. Lawv saib xyuas lawv cov khaub ncaws … Lawv siab, zoo nkauj. Lawv hnav lub ris ntev: ib puas qhov ntev ntawm qhov teeb meem mus rau txhua tus …"
Al-Balkhi ntxiv:
"Qee tus ntawm lawv txiav lawv cov plaub hau, thaum lwm tus curl nws zoo li curls."
Leej twg yog Russia, txog qhov uas tseem muaj kev sib cav?
Cov lus nug no "tsim txom" Cov kws sau keeb kwm Lavxias, thiab tsis yog lawv nkaus xwb, rau peb puas xyoo. Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb pom, lo lus nug "Russia tuaj qhov twg tuaj?" Kuv yuav rov ua kuv tus kheej, yog tias kuv yooj yim nws ntau, tab sis ntau ntxiv txog qhov ntawd tom qab.
Txij li cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm lub xeev yog txheej txheem ntev thiab siv sijhawm ntev, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem txo qis rau ib qho kev nqis tes ua. Ntxiv mus, lub xeev tshwm sim tsuas yog muaj cov chav kawm, thiab hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov zej zog ua ntej-chav kawm, uas cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg Slavs sab hnub tuaj tsis ntseeg, lub xeev tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Txawm li cas los xij, peb muaj ob txoj kev xav tseem ceeb: Norman thiab Anti-Norman. Cov thwjtim ntawm thawj tus ntseeg tias Scandinavians tau tso lub hauv paus rau lub xeev.
Cov neeg txhawb nqa thib ob tawm tsam lawv.
Qee tus ntawm lawv ntseeg ruaj khov tias Russia thiab Varangians tsis yog Scandinavians. Lwm tus lees paub tias muaj lub hauv paus ntawm Scandinavian, tab sis, ua raws Marxist lub tswv yim ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm lub xeev, lawv xav txog qhov no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, ua los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub xeev tshwm sim tshwj xeeb hauv cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb thiab tsis tuaj yeem coj tau yooj yim. nyob sab nraud.
Muaj lwm qhov kev xav uas Russia yog lossis suav tias yog Khazars, Celts, Geruls, tab sis lawv tau ntau dua los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev npau suav dua li kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb. Cia peb nyob ntawm qee qhov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hais txog "Rus".
Lwg thiab / lossis Rus?
Lwg. Cia peb hais tam sim: tsis muaj neeg loj hlob nyob hauv Lavxias keeb kwm, tsuas yog Russia ib txwm nyob hauv keeb kwm. Raws li, yeej tsis tau muaj "epic" dews lossis lwg:
Xob quaj ntawm yeej, nrov nrov!
Muaj kev lom zem, siab tawv Ross!
Ros yog phau ntawv tsim ntawm Byzantine sau ntawv. Cov dab neeg ntawm cov neeg sab qaum teb Rosh - loj hlob nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Gog thiab Magog tau nrov nyob hauv Byzantium.
Thiab nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas Byzantine cov kws sau ntawv, uas nyiam keeb kwm pom qhov tsis txaus ntseeg keeb kwm thiab kev sib piv keeb kwm, hu ua sab qaum teb barbarians, "" uas tawm tsam Constantinople thiab muaj lub npe zoo sib xws, cov neeg ntawm Ros. Yog li ntawd Emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus hu ua lub tebchaws "Ross" - Russia. Hauv tebchaws Russia, thawj zaug, lo lus Russia (nrog ib tus) tau pib siv thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, tej zaum nrog kev tuaj txog ntawm Byzantine ntxhais fuabtais Sophia Palaeologus hauv Russia, tab sis nws tau pib nquag siv thiab siv nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm peb lub tebchaws tsuas yog los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 17th caug xyoo. Peb pom tias qhov no yog kev tsim phau ntawv kiag li, uas thaum xub thawj tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog keeb kwm xwm txheej.
Russia Muaj ntau qhov kev xav thiab kev xav txog lub npe Rus, nws keeb kwm thiab chaw nyob. Cia peb saib cov tseem ceeb.
Sab qab teb Lavxias txoj kev xav txiav tawm Russia los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm "lwg". Piv txwv li, Tus Dej Ros, txoj cai hauv paus ntawm Dnieper, Roksolany, ib haiv neeg uas nyob hauv hav zoov ntawm thaj av Hiav Txwv Dub, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov thib ob xav tias Russia los ntawm cov hauv paus Slavic: * rud- / * rus> * rud-s- "ncaj-plaub hau"; ru- / ry- "ua luam dej", "ntws".
Qhov thib peb - "Gothic", muab los ntawm Russia los ntawm Gothic lo lus "yeeb koob".
Qhov thib plaub, Sab Hnub Poob Slavic, txuas keeb kwm ntawm Russia nrog West Slavic pawg neeg Ruge, Fr. Rau, Ruthenia.
Qhov thib tsib, tej zaum, txoj kev xav tseem ceeb niaj hnub no hais tias lo lus tau qiv los ntawm Slavs los ntawm Finns, uas tseem hu lawv cov neeg zej zog Scandinavian: ruotsi, los ntawm Old Icelandic "rower, rower, paddle": ross (rower) → ruossi (Suav) → rus.
Txhua qhov kev xav theories muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab tsis daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm lo lus "rus".
Cov kws sau keeb kwm feem ntau, Normanists lossis neo-Normanists, thiab ntau tus neeg txhawb nqa ntawm "tsim kev xav", ntseeg tias Rus yog Scandinavians. Muaj ntau qhov kev sib cav hauv qhov kev nyiam ntawm cov version no, lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsis sib cav, tab sis kuv yuav hais qhov tseem ceeb.
Ua ntej, cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws, los ntawm lub npe saum toj no "Rus", uas tau muab los ntawm lub npe ntawm cov neeg sib tw, mus rau cov npe ntawm thawj tus thawj coj, tus tswv xeev, cov qhua, cov tub lag luam thiab cov sawv cev sawv cev. Lawv feem ntau muaj npe Scandinavian lossis Germanic (Rurik, Igor, Oleg, Olga, Rogvolod, Rogneda, Malfred, Askold, Dir, Sveneld, Akun, Farlaf, Ruald, Bern, thiab lwm yam).
Rurik cuam tshuam nrog Rorik ntawm Jutland. Nyob ze lawv yog cov npe "nplua nuj" ntawm Dnieper rapids piav los ntawm Konstantin Porphyrogenitus.
Qhov thib ob, Russia tau qhia, raws li cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm tsab ntawv no ntseeg, ntau lub tsev haujlwm ua ntej hauv xeev lossis lawv cov ntsiab lus: polyudye, kev sib piv ntawm Swedish yord lossis Norwegian Weizla, pab pawg, rooj noj mov, tsev hais plaub ntawm 12 tus pej xeem, raug nplua hauv 3 nyiaj txiag chav nyob. Cov lus dab neeg xws li "nkauj" hais txog Tus Yaj Saub Oleg zoo ib yam rau zaj dab neeg ntawm kev tuag ntawm Orvarr-Odin.
Qhov thib peb, muaj Scandinavian kev pam tuag nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Europe: faus hauv lub nkoj, tshauv hauv lub qhov taub, hauv qab lub qhov ntxa uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm lub pob zeb zoo li txoj kev hauv av, hauv qhov chaw faus neeg (hauv cav ntoo).
Qhov thib plaub, Cov Slavs Sab Hnub Tuaj tsis muaj ntaj, lawv tau coj tuaj rau thaj chaw no los ntawm cov neeg Scandinavians, uas tau siv hom riam phom no ntev lawm.
Lawv cov tw tsis ntseeg qhov version no. Lawv ntseeg tias, ua ntej, Varangians-cov neeg tuaj tshiab los ntawm hla hiav txwv nyob rau xyoo pua 9th yog pawg neeg Slavic West ntawm Wagrs (wagiri), paub txog lawv cov tub rog li cov neeg tsav nkoj sib ntaus sib tua German.
Adas Bremensky, piav qhia lub nroog hiav txwv loj ntawm Slavs Yumny, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm kev lag luam hauv Baltic, sau hais tias los ntawm lub peev ntawm wagrs, Oldenburg - Stargorod, koj tuaj yeem mus rau Yumna (Volin), thiab los ntawm Yumna nws yog kaum plaub hnub los ntawm hiav txwv mus rau Novgorod.
Ntawd yog, txoj kev mus rau Tebchaws Europe Sab Hnub Tuaj los ntawm thaj av ntawm Western Slavs tau paub zoo.
Hauv phau ntawv tshaj tawm Frankish muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias Danish huab tais Goldfred tau rhuav tshem lub nroog Slavic ntawm Rerik ntawm ciam teb nrog Denmark. Rov qab nyob rau xyoo kaum tsib. Austrian tus kws tshaj lij Herberstein tau hais tias nws yog los ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Baltic Hiav Txwv "los ntawm Wagria", qhov twg Vagry, zoo ib yam rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavs, nyob, tias cov thawj coj thiab pab pawg raug caw tuaj rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavs.
Nws cov neeg tawm tsam ntseeg tias tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm Vagrs thiab Varangians.
Qhov thib ob, mus ntsib Scandinavians sai heev tsis nco qab lawv cov lus. Nws ua haujlwm yam tsis tau taug ib qho ntawm cov lus Lavxias (30 lo lus), tsis zoo li, piv txwv li, Askiv, qhov twg muaj kev yeej tiag tiag ntawm tebchaws Askiv los ntawm Scandinavians.
Qhov thib peb, ntawm cov chaw tshawb fawb keeb kwm uas cuam tshuam nrog Normans, Scandinavian pom ua tsis ntau dua 30%, thiab yog tias peb tsis suav cov teeb meem lossis cov polyethnic pom, tom qab ntawd muaj tsawg dua 15% ntawm lawv.
Plaub, txawm tias peb xav tias cov neeg Scandinavians tuaj yeem hnov qab lawv cov lus sai sai thiab tsis siv lawv cov khaub ncaws thiab khoom siv ntawm cov khoom lag luam, yog li yuav ua li cas lawv thiaj yooj yim tso tseg lawv txoj kev ntseeg thiab pauv Odin rau Perun? Russia cog lus los ntawm Perun, tsis yog Odin lossis Thor, Russia ua kev txi ntawm Oak, tsob ntoo ntawm Perun, thiab tsis yog Odin.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Perun yog pab pawg thawj coj ntawm Western Slavs, uas yog tub rog nyiag tub rog nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Baltic. Rov qab rau xyoo kaum yim. ntawm cov Slavs uas nyob ntawm Elbe, hnub Thursday yog "Perun dan", vim hnub Thursday yog hnub Thor. Perun tuaj rau Kiev los ntawm sab qaum teb.
Thiab, thaum kawg, Rurikovichs tsis tau hais tias lawv nqis los ntawm cov neeg Scandinavians, thiab Icelandic Sagas, uas tau piav qhia tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm vaj ntxwv, kev muaj vaj muaj tsev thiab kev sib cog lus pub dawb, qhia txog Lavxias tus thawj coj Vladimir thiab Yaroslav, tsis tau muab lawv caj ces los ntawm Scandinavia. Tab sis txhua yam tau paub zoo hauv kev nthuav dav txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm Scandinavian dynasties nrog cov vaj ntxwv Askiv.
Cov no yog cov kev xav tseem ceeb ntawm lo lus rus-ros.
Dab tsi tshwm sim?
Nyob rau xyoo 862, Rurik thiab nws cov kwv tij, raws li cov dab neeg tom qab, nyob hauv pawg pab pawg ntawm sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Europe.
Rurik nrog Sineus thiab Truvor, thiab nrog rau haiv neeg Lavxias, pib txiav txim qhov twg lawv tau caw los ntawm tus lej (pom zoo). Yog li nyob rau sab qaum teb, muaj kev sib koom ua ke zoo tshaj plaws-lub sijhawm tshawb fawb ruaj khov uas qhia txog cov neeg muaj hwj chim, kev koom ua ntej lub xeev ntawm pab pawg neeg lub sijhawm. Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws, tsis sib xws nrog tus lej (kev pom zoo), raug ntes los ntawm Russia lossis haiv neeg Lavxias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Askold thiab Dir (lossis tsuas yog Askold) txoj cai hauv Kiev. Raws li ib tsab ntawv, cov thawj coj ntawm tsev neeg tsis yog tus thawj tswj hwm los ntawm Russia, uas tau tawm ntawm Rurik thiab txeeb tau pawg neeg nruab nrab ntawm Polyans - Kiev. Raws li lwm qhov hloov tshiab, Askold yog tus thawj coj hauv nroog Kiev.
Ntxiv mus: "lwg" (lub sijhawm Byzantine tus sau ntawm Theophanes tus ua tiav) tau tawm tsam Constantinople thiab Princes 'Islands tuaj ntawm ob puas lub nkoj. Lub nroog tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv hnyav, tab sis "dej lwg tsis muaj tswv yim" dheev rov qab los ntawm kev cua daj cua dub tshwm sim los ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm Niam Niam ntawm Vajtswv los ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Leej Niam Dawb Huv ntawm Vajtswv ntawm Blachernae. Xyoo 874, tus huab tais Loos, Michael III, tau xaus qhov kev cog lus nrog cov lwg no, thiab thawj qhov kev cai raus dej ntawm Rus tau tshwm sim. Qhov tseeb no tsis tau xav txog hauv keeb kwm Lavxias, thiab kev cai raus dej ntawm Rus nyob rau hauv Vladimir nyob rau xyoo pua 10. tsis tau xav txog hauv Byzantine cov peev txheej.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Rurik, raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, kev tswj hwm tau tsim hauv kev sib koom ua ke zoo lossis koom ua ke ntawm pab pawg neeg sab qaum teb, qhov chaw uas yog Ladoga.
Thawj thawj zaug, lub zog tub rog dhau los ua pej xeem, thiab nyob sab Europe Sab Hnub Tuaj tau tsim kev sib koom ua ke ntawm pab pawg - raws li daim ntawv siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev koom ua ke hauv pab pawg neeg, kaw los ntawm lub zog pej xeem sawv saum toj no pab pawg neeg tseem ceeb.
Tom qab Rurik tuag, lub koomhaum tau coj los ntawm Oleg - raws li ib qho keeb kwm yav dhau los, tus tswv xeev ntawm Rurik thaum nws tseem yau ntawm nws tus tub Igor, raws li lwm qhov - tus tub huabtais.
Qee tus kws tshawb fawb, rau ntau yam laj thawj, nug txog kev muaj sia nyob ntawm Rurik, lossis nws lub neej muaj tseeb hauv daim ntawv no, txawm li cas los xij, zoo li Oleg, uas rau peb qhov kev nthuav qhia tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua IX. Oleg, ntawm lub taub hau ntawm pab pawg Lavxias thiab ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov tub rog ntawm sab qaum teb koom ua ke ntawm pab pawg, txav mus rau sab qab teb, subjugating East Slavic pab pawg ntawm txoj kev mus rau Kiev. Hauv Kiev, nws tau dag ntxias Askold thiab Dir tawm. Hauv ntu no, ib tus tuaj yeem pom meej tias qhov kev txav mus los raws txoj kev los ntawm "Varangians mus rau cov neeg Greek" thiab kev lag luam taug kev lawv tus kheej yog.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm Oleg, ib yam ntawm Lavxias, cov tub rog ntawm pab pawg sab qaum teb thiab cov neeg Varangians uas koom nrog lawv yog phiaj xwm rau khoom plig rau sab qab teb, thiab tsis txeeb tswj kev hla dej - vim tias lawv qhov tseem ceeb qis rau kev lag luam. Uas, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm pab pawg neeg, tau siv tsis tau siv thiab yog qhov xwm txheej xwm txheej.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov pom ntau ntawm cov nyiaj npib yuav tsum tsis yuam kev peb ntawm cov qhab nia no: cov nyiaj npib tsis yog cov khoom sib pauv, lossis tsis sib npaug ntawm kev sib pauv, tab sis tsuas yog cov khoom ntawm poj niam cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub lossis kev fij rau cov vaj tswv. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev tso cov khoom muaj nqis qhia pom tias muaj tsawg tsawg ntawm lawv nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavs kom raug.
Yog li ntawd, tau kawm txog qhov tuaj txog ntawm "Ugric" cov qhua, Kiev tus thawj coj lawv tus kheej tuaj nug txog cov tub lag luam nkoj, thiab ntawm no Oleg qhia lawv Rurik tus tub Igor Igor nrog kev liam tias lawv tsis muaj cai los kav ntawm no, Askold thiab Dir raug tua.
Thiab Tub Vaj Ntxwv Oleg, nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Polyana zej zog, tau hais txog Kiev:
"Saib seb, niam nrog lub nroog Ruskim."
Oleg cov lus hais txog "" yuav tsum nkag siab zoo li tus tub huabtais thiab nws haiv neeg Lavxias, uas txhais tau tias tag nrho ntawm Russia nws tus kheej dhau los ntawm Novgorod lossis Ladoga mus rau Kiev, thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Russia tau tsim txoj haujlwm tshiab, uas Kiev dhau los ua chaw nruab nrab ntawm Russia lossis Lavxias teb sab caj ces thiab txhua thaj av uas yog lawv thiab cov nyiaj tau los.
Thiab cov pab pawg neeg sab qaum teb thiab cov tub rog ntawm Varangians, tau txais khoom plig los ntawm kev raug ntes Kiev, rov qab los rau lawv tus kheej. Russia ua thaj av meadows, ib feem ntawm thaj av ntawm cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb thiab Radimichs, thiab, tejzaum nws, ib feem ntawm Vyatichi ua nws "sau". Cov no yog cov thawj tswj hwm yav tom ntej nrog cov chaw hauv Kiev, Chernigov thiab Pereyaslavl.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshiab, Lavxias pab pawg hloov los ntawm pab pawg tub rog "koom nrog" mus rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm pab pawg neeg ntawm tsoomfwv, uas maj mam suav nrog kev ua nom ua tswv ntawm pab pawg, thiab yooj yim muaj zog cov tub rog-heroes.
Raws li Arab sau Masoudi sau:
"Rus tau tsim los ntawm ntau haiv neeg ntawm ntau hom."
Russia los ntawm Kiev kov yeej cov dej tshiab:
Ibin-Dast sau hais tias, "Lawv tau tua Slavs," txav mus rau lawv ntawm nkoj, mus rau ntug dej thiab sau cov neeg, uas tom qab ntawd xa mus rau Khorezm thiab Bulgarians thiab muag rau ntawd."
Rus tau kov yeej pab pawg Slavic ntawm Drevlyans, Northerners thiab Radimichs, yav dhau los cov ceg av qab teb ntawm Khazars. Oleg swb cov pab pawg pab pawg ntawm pab pawg neeg sab qab teb ntawm Tivertsy thiab Ulitsy.
Tsis muaj leej twg xav poob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov khoom siv thiab them se yam tsis muaj kev sib ntaus.
Yuav ua li cas kev ua tsov rog rau khoom plig tuaj yeem pom hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm hais txog Olga kev ua pauj rau Drevlyans: qhov no yog kev ua tsov rog tiag tiag ntawm kev tua neeg, feem ntau ntawm pab pawg neeg muaj peev xwm.
Yog li ntawm ciam teb ntawm xyoo pua 9th thiab 10th. Russia koom ua ke thaj tsam loj nyob hauv nws txoj cai: feem ntau ntawm cov pab pawg East Slavic thiab Finno-Ugric. Lub koomhaum no tsis yog lub xeev thaum ntxov hauv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus, nws yog "kev sib koom siab".
Txog nws lub npe, lo lus super-union ntawm pab pawg kuj tseem siv, uas kuv tau hais ntau dua ib zaug, cov qauv sib xws rau pab pawg neeg theem ntawm kev txhim kho. Ntawm lub taub hau ntawm "super-union" yog Russia lossis haiv neeg Lavxias, uas tau txais khoom plig los ntawm cov pab pawg hauv qab, tswj tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog lawv, thiab nyiam pab pawg tub rog los koom nrog cov phiaj xwm loj rau tib yam khoom plig.
