Txog thaum pib xyoo 1938, txoj phiaj xwm kev tawm dag zog tau siv hauv Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Tebchaws Poland. Tab sis hauv kev saib ntawm cov xwm txheej tshiab, txoj phiaj xwm tau pom tias tsis tsim nyog rau kev muaj tiag, ob qho tib si hais txog kev mob siab rau tib neeg cov peev txheej thiab cov tub rog, thiab hais txog kev npaj cov khoom siv.
Npaj "W"
Kev phom sij loj zuj zus ntawm kev ua tsov rog yuam kev txhim kho kev tswjfwm kev hloov pauv tshiab - phiaj xwm pib siv txij lub Plaub Hlis 30, 1938.
Txoj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm phiaj xwm tshiab tau ua raws li kev xav tub rog-nom tswv ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob-Lithuanian, raws li kev xav ntawm ob tus yeeb ncuab. Nws tau txawv los ntawm nws txoj kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev yoog raws thaum muaj kev ua tsov rog nrog USSR lossis nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees.
Nws txoj kev txav mus los tau raws li qhov ua tau los hloov pauv tus lej raws li kev hloov pauv tub rog-nom tswv. Nrog rau qhov ua tau ntawm kev ceev xwm txheej (zais cia) kev sib sau los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm ib tus neeg sau npe ntawm cov neeg sib tw tom ntej, lossis dav dav (piav qhia meej) los ntawm txoj kev ceeb toom raug cai ntawm cov pej xeem. Kev tawm tsam tsis pub leej twg paub tuaj yeem ua tau thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws lossis hauv qee thaj tsam, nyob ntawm kev qhia thiab qib kev ua phem rau tub rog.
Yog li, nws muaj peev xwm hloov pauv qhov kev mobilization los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas nws cov kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig lossis pawg ntawm cov neeg tshwj tseg uas xav tau kom nyiam ua qee yam haujlwm.
Txog qhov no, cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib koom tes tau nthuav qhia:
- "Pab pawg xim av", muab faib ua tsib pab pawg, txhawj xeeb txog kev sib sau ntawm Tub Rog Tub Rog, Kev Tiv Thaiv Huab Cua, chav nyob ntawm Ministry of Railways, chav nyob thiab kev pabcuam ntawm lub tuam tsev thib ob ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj, lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus txib siab;
-
"Pab pawg ntsuab" - cov chaw nyob hauv thaj tsam ciam teb;
- "Red group" - cov chav npaj rau kev ua haujlwm nyob rau sab hnub tuaj;
-
"Pab pawg Blue" - cov chav npaj rau kev ua haujlwm nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab sab qaum teb;
-
"Pab pawg daj" - ntu npaj los txhawb pab pawg "liab" lossis "xiav";
-
"Cov pab pawg dub" - txwv tsis pub sib tham thaum muaj teeb meem hauv ib cheeb tsam.
Kev tawm tsam dav dav tau xav txog hauv ob theem. Thawj theem, cov tub rog yuav tsum mus txog kev npaj sib ntaus sib tua tsis pub dhau 6 hnub txij li lub sijhawm tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm (hnub "X"). Thiab nyob rau hnub thib ob, uas tau pib nruab nrab ntawm hnub thib peb thiab hnub thib tsib los ntawm hnub "X", cov tub rog yuav tsum ua kom tiav kev sib ntaus sib tua nruab nrab ntawm kaum thiab kaum ob hnub ntawm kev tawm tsam dav.
Raws li txoj phiaj xwm phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, kwv yees li 75% ntawm cov tub rog yuav tsum tau ceeb toom los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev mob xwm txheej ceev. Nws suav nrog 26 qhov kev faib tub rog (suav nrog 2 qhov tshwj tseg), 11 (tag nrho) cov tub rog tub rog thiab tsuas yog (10th) lub tsheb tso tsheb loj. Ib feem nyob rau hauv kev npaj xwm txheej ceev tau poob 4 pawg tub rog (suav nrog 2 qhov tshwj tseg).
Kev sib sau dav dav ntxiv rau cuam tshuam txog 7 kev faib tub rog (suav nrog 3 qhov tshwj tseg). Hauv kev npaj kev sib sau, xwm txheej ceev thiab dav dav, xeev tub ceev xwm, tus tiv thaiv ciam teb thiab Tub Ceev Xwm Saib Xyuas Tub Ceev Xwm yuav tsum coj cov xeev mus rau lub sijhawm ua tub rog. Ministry of Railways thiab Ministry of Posts thiab Telegraphs tau tsim lawv tus kheej cov txuj ci, kev tsim kho thiab kho vaj tsev raws li cov qauv tub rog.
Kev sib sau ntawm tib neeg cov tub rog tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv me ntsis - qhov hu ua "kev sib sau ua ke", uas, raws li xwm txheej, tuaj yeem tshaj tawm rau txhua pawg tub rog sib cais.
Npaj "W2"
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1939, tau hloov kho txoj phiaj xwm - qhov kev hu ua phiaj xwm phiaj xwm.
Nws suav nrog txhua qhov kev hloov pauv thiab ntxiv uas tsis suav nrog hauv txoj kev npaj thiab uas tau hais qhia los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm lub luag haujlwm rau kev tawm tsam. Yog li, raws li txoj kev npaj, tus naj npawb ntawm kev faib ua feem rau kev npaj xwm txheej ceev tau nce los ntawm ob qhov tshwj tseg, kev tsim ob pawg tub rog ntxiv thiab kev rov txhim kho ntawm 10 Panzer Motorized Brigade (nws tau txais lub npe ntawm Warsaw) tau pib.
Ib qho ntxiv, cov phiaj xwm tau tsim los txhawm rau npaj cov chav nyob ncaj qha mus rau Ministry of Military Affairs - cov tub rog tiv thaiv thiab cov tuam txhab, kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv huab cua, kev sib tsoo phom loj, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub teb chaws.
Thaum kawg, raws li txoj kev npaj, pab tub rog tau npaj kom muaj 1,500,000 tus tub rog nyob hauv kab, kev tawm tsam thiab cov tub rog thiab kev tsim tawm.
Hauv kev txuas nrog German txoj haujlwm ntawm Czech koom pheej thiab Moravia, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 23, 1939, thawj zaug, ib nrab, kev sib tham thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev raws li cov lus "liab" thiab "daj" tau pib hauv cov tub rog cheeb tsam IV (Lodz) thiab IX (Brest). Kev sib koom tes no tau coj plaub pawg tub rog sib tua, ib pab tub rog tub rog thiab cov koomhaum pabcuam los ceeb toom.
Ib qho ntxiv, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov ciam teb thiab cov ntug dej hiav txwv tau nce ntxiv, thiab qee tus neeg tshwj tseg tau raug hu los ua haujlwm yam tsis tau teem sijhawm. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 13, hauv cheeb tsam tub rog II (Lublin), muaj kev ceev xwm txheej ntawm cov neeg khaws khoom nrog "ntsuab", "liab" thiab "dub" daim ntawv foob tau pib, uas tau coj ob pab tub rog tawg rog, ib pab tub rog tub rog thiab cov koomhaum pabcuam los ceeb toom.
Thaum kawg, thaum 23 Lub Yim Hli, kev npaj muaj xwm txheej ceev tau pib hauv tsib lub nroog tub rog. 18 kev faib tub rog, 2, 5 qhov kev faib tshwj tseg thiab 7 pab tub rog tub rog tau ceeb toom. Kev npaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm cov tseem tsis tau txav chaw, tshwj xeeb hauv cov cheeb tsam VI thiab X, tau pib thaum Lub Yim Hli 27. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tau xaj xaj xaj ntawm kev tsim cov kev faib ntawm Ministry of Posts thiab Telegraphs. Ua tiav peb qhov kev faib tub rog thiab ob pawg tub rog caij nkoj tau npaj los tawm tsam kev npaj, thiab hauv ib feem ob kab thiab ib qho tshwj tseg rau kev faib tub rog thiab ib pab tub rog tso tsheb hlau luam.
Tsuas yog thaum Lub Yim Hli 29 yog qhov kev tshaj tawm dav dav tshaj tawm, uas, txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua phem ntawm Fabkis thiab Great Britain. Askiv thiab Fab Kis tau npaj txhij los ua daim ntawv pom zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm Poland thiab tau sim khom nqi nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees ntawm cov lus pom zoo.
Hloov chaw, lawv tau txais cov npe ntawm 16 qhov xav tau uas lub teb chaws Yelemees tau hais ua lus kawg rau Poland. Hauv Warsaw, lawv tau kawm txog lawv thaum hmo ntuj txij 30 txog 31 Lub Yim Hli. Thiab hauv kev teb, thaum sawv ntxov, tsoomfwv Polish tau rov pib ua haujlwm thoob plaws.
Fascist German cov tub rog tau tawm tsam Poland thaum sawv ntxov ntawm lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 1939.
Txhua qhov kev tsim tawm tau npaj los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ceev twb tau ceeb toom lawm, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv tau tswj kom mus txog qhov chaw xa khoom hauv txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv.
Rau qhov seem ntawm pab tub rog coob, nws yog hnub thib ob ntawm kev tawm tsam dav dav, uas twb tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws thiab foob pob thiab hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus.
Txog lub Cuaj Hlis 1, Tus Kws tswj hwm tau ceeb toom thiab siv cov zog hauv qab no ntawm cov kab tiv thaiv:
Hauv lub zog hauv av:
Pab pawg ua haujlwm - 2 pab tub rog, 2 pab tub rog caij nees;
Pab pawg ua haujlwm - 1pd;
Cov tub rog - 2 pab tub rog, 2 tub rog;
Cov tub rog - 5 pab tub rog, 1 pab tub rog tub rog;
Pab tub rog - 4 pab tub rog, 1 pab tub rog caij nees;
Cov tub rog - 3 pab tub rog, 1 pab tub rog caij nees;
Cov tub rog - 5 pab tub rog, 1 tmbr, 1 pab tub rog tub rog, 1 gsd;
Army - 2 TSO
Ua ke nws yog: 22 pab tub rog, 8 pab tub rog tub rog, 3 pab tub rog phom, 1 pab tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog, nrog rau tawg ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tebchaws, tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv, ciam teb thiab pabcuam kev pabcuam, thiab lwm yam.
Hauv aviation:
pab tub rog dav hlau - 68 tus neeg foob pob, 105 tus neeg tua rog, 122 lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav (ua ke - 295 lub dav hlau);
RGK aviation - 36 lub foob pob, 50 lub dav hlau dav hlau, 54 tus neeg sib ntaus, 28 tus neeg soj xyuas thiab lub dav hlau sib txuas (ua ke - 168 lub dav hlau);
Tag nrho: 463 lub dav hlau.
Nyob rau hauv lub fleet:
kev rhuav tshem kev faib (1 chav nyob);
tub rog rhuav tshem (12 chav nyob);
submarine faib (5 units).
