Leej twg nyob hauv Russia thiab lwm lub tebchaws qub ntawm Soviet Union tsis paub qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tiv thaiv ntawm Brest Fortress? Tab sis qhov kawg ntawm Lub Rau Hli 1941, lwm qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm ciam teb ntawm USSR, hais txog kev ua siab loj ntawm cov neeg koom nrog thiab kev suav tag nrho ntawm kev xwm txheej, zoo ib yam li kev tiv thaiv ntawm Brest.
Niaj hnub no Zelva yog lub nroog nyob sib haum xeeb hauv cheeb tsam Grodno ntawm Belarus, nrog cov pej xeem ntawm 6,678 tus neeg. Pom muaj nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, Zelva tau pom ntau yam nyob rau ntau pua xyoo ntawm nws lub neej. Xyoo 1795, ua raws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev faib thib peb ntawm Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zelva tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws. Nov yog qhov nws pib "Lavxias" keeb kwm, nthuav dav rau ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo. Xyoo 1921, raws li Riga Peace Treaty, Zelva tau los ua ib feem ntawm Poland, tab sis twb yog xyoo 1939 nws tau dhau los ua Soviet thiab tau koom nrog hauv Byelorussian SSR. Lub zos nyob ntawm tus dej me me Zelvyanka - ib ceg av ntawm Neman. Nws nyob ntawm no thaum kawg Lub Rau Hli 1941 uas muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav ntawm Red Army thiab Wehrmacht cov tub rog tau nthuav tawm.
Soviet Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, tsim los ntawm Cheeb Tsam Tshwj Xeeb Sab Hnub Poob, tau hais los ntawm General ntawm Cov Tub Rog Dmitry Pavlov thaum lub sijhawm tshwm sim piav qhia. Nws yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj lij hauv tebchaws Soviet cov thawj coj tub rog, uas tau pib ua haujlwm hauv Lavxias pab tub rog huab tais thiab tau nce mus rau qib ntawm cov tub ceev xwm uas tsis yog tus thawj coj nyob rau ntawd.
Qab Pavlov lub xub pwg yog Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, kev tawm tsam Basmachis hauv Central Asia, koom nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm Suav Eastern Railway, kev ua tsov rog hauv Spain, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Khalkhin Gol, Soviet-Finnish tsov rog. Qhov tseeb, Dmitry Pavlov tau tawm tsam nws lub neej tag nrho, tau nce mus rau qib ntawm lub taub hau ntawm Red Army's Armored Directorate, thiab thaum Lub Rau Hli 1940, ib xyoos ua ntej pib ua tsov rog, tau raug xaiv los ua Tus Thawj Coj Hauv Cheeb Tsam Tshwj Xeeb ntawm Belarusian (txij Lub Xya Hli). 1940 - Cheeb Tsam Tshwj Xeeb Sab Hnub Poob).
Nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Pavlov yog kev tsim uas yog ib feem ntawm Sab Hnub Poob - Pawg Tub Rog thib 3 (4 rab phom sib faib thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kho tshuab) raws li cov lus txib ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Vasily Kuznetsov, nyob hauv thaj tsam Grodno; Cov tub rog thib 4 (4 phom, 2 lub tsheb loj thiab 1 lub tsheb sib faib ua haujlwm) raws li cov lus txib ntawm General General Alexander Korobkov, uas nyob ua haujlwm nyob ib puag ncig Brest, thiab 10th Army (6 phom, 2 cavalry, 4 tank thiab 2 motorized division) cov lus txib ntawm Major General Konstantin Golubev, uas tau tuav haujlwm hauv thaj av Bialystok thiab cov chaw nyob ze.
Hauv cheeb tsam Bialystok, cov tub rog ntawm 10th Army ntawm Sab Hnub Poob tau nyob hauv ib hom kev tawm tsam uas muaj lub raj mis zoo. Lub hauv paus chaw ntawm kev tsim uas yog ib feem ntawm 10th Army tau nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Bialystok. Lub hauv paus chaw ntawm 1st Rifle Corps tau nyob hauv thaj tsam Vizna, 6th Mechanized Corps hauv Bialystok, 6th Cavalry Corps hauv Lomza, 13th Mechanized Corps hauv Belsk, thiab 5th Rifle Corps hauv Zambrow.
Hnub thib peb ntawm kev ua tsov rog, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg ntxiv tias cov tub rog German, tau npog Bialystok qhov tseem ceeb, yuav ua ib puag ncig ib puag ncig tag nrho cov chav thiab kev tsim ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob. Yog li ntawd, thaum tav su thaum Lub Rau Hli 25, 1941, cov lus txib ntawm pab tub rog thib peb thiab thib 10 ntawm Sab Hnub Poob tau txais kev xaj los ntawm cov lus hais ua ntej kom thim mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Nws tau kwv yees tias Pawg Tub Rog thib 3 yuav mus rau Novogrudok, thiab Tshooj 10 mus rau Slonim. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 27, Soviet cov tub rog tau thim tawm ntawm Bialystok, thiab nws yog kev thim rov qab ntawm pab tub rog 10th uas ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav nyob hauv thaj tsam Volkovysk thiab Zelva.
Qhov tsis tau pom dua los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv thaj tsam Zelva tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub zos nyob ntawm Bialystok - Volkovysk - Slonim txoj kev loj. Nws tau nyob ntawm nws, tib txoj kev, uas cov tub rog Soviet tau txav mus rau Lub Rau Hli 1941, rov qab los ntawm "Bialystok cuab". Ntau pua txhiab tus tub rog Liab Tub Rog, tsheb tiv thaiv, tsheb thauj khoom thiab tsheb, tsheb laij teb nrog rab phom loj, thauj thiab tsheb laij teb nrog cov neeg tawg rog mus rau sab hnub tuaj raws txoj kev Bialystok. Luftwaffe cov kws tshawb nrhiav dav hlau tau tshaj tawm rau cov lus txib hais tias txhua kab ntawm Soviet pab tub rog tau nthuav dav ntau dua rau caum kilometers.
Cov chav thiab kev tsim ntawm pab tub rog thib 3, 4 thiab 10 ntawm Red Army tau nyob ib puag ncig hauv Bialystok-Minsk cauldron los ntawm Pab Pawg Pabcuam Hauv Chaw, tau hais kom nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd ntawm kev ua tsov rog los ntawm Field Marshal Fyodor von Bock, tus thawj coj ua haujlwm, tus sawv cev ntawm German aristocracy. Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, Fyodor von Bock niam, Olga, muaj keeb kwm Lavxias - yog li lub npe "Fedor", uas tau muab rau German Field Marshal thaum yug los.
Tsuas muaj ib txoj hauv kev tawm ntawm "Bialystok cuab", uas cov koog thiab cov kev faib ntawm Red Army pom lawv tus kheej - dhau Zelva. Thiab German cov lus txib, tau kawg, txiav txim siab los thaiv qhov kev tawm no, txhawm rau tiv thaiv Pawg Tub Rog Liab los ntawm kev rov qab mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Ntawm Zelvyanka, lub zog zoo ntawm Wehrmacht tau mob siab rau.
Yog lawm, hauv Soviet lub sijhawm, lawv tsis nyiam nco txog keeb kwm ntawm Kev Sib Tw Zelva. Tom qab tag nrho, kev tiv thaiv tus kheej, txawm tias nws yog Brest lossis Stalingrad, yog ib yam, thiab kev sib ntaus thaum lub sijhawm tawm ntawm pab tub rog yog lwm qhov. Tab sis vim yog qhov no, cov tub rog Soviet tsis tawm tsam tsis muaj siab tawv, tsis ua yam tsawg. Thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm sab ntawd, sab ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, ua tim khawv zoo rau dab tsi ua yeeb yam zoo tau nthuav tawm thaum kawg Lub Rau Hli 1941 hauv Zelva.
Ib tus ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Wehrmacht rov qab hais tias nws tsis tau pom dua ib daim duab txaus ntshai tshaj li thaum ntawd, ntawm Zelva. Cavalry saber cov tub rog ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab tau maj nrawm mus rau lub tshuab rab phom uas siv lub tshuab ntaus rog, thiab qhov no yog 50 rab phom tshuab! Cov neeg tua phom German tau ntsib cov tub rog liab nrog hluav taws loj. Cov Tub Rog Liab cov txiv neej uas tswj kom tau txais lawv txhais tes ntawm cov yeeb ncuab maus taus txiav lub tshuab German phom rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov tub rog Wehrmacht, nyeg, txiav cov liab cavalry los ntawm rab phom tshuab. Tag nrho cheeb tsam tau ntim nrog cov suab txaus ntshai, thiab txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog qhov ze ntawm cov nees tuag nyob hauv qab qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lub tshuab phom German. Txawm tias tau ntsib cov tub rog German lees paub tias nws yog daim duab uas mob siab rau tiag, tom qab uas lawv yuav tsum nkag siab lawv lub sijhawm ntev heev.
Qhov tseeb, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Soviet Red Army cov tub rog nyob ze Zelva zoo heev. Txhawm rau pib nrog, cov tub rog Soviet, uas nyob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab, tsis muaj qhov hais kom ua dav dav, thiab tsis muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov koog, tab sis lawv tau tswj kom xa ib lub tshuab rau German kev tsim. Cov tub rog, tub rog, phom loj, tso tsheb hlau luam thiab txawm tias ob lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm thiab Peasants 'Cov Tub Rog Liab tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam.
Cov neeg tua rog ntawm cov neeg ib leeg tau hais los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog Sergei Belchenko yog thawj tus uas maj nrawm mus rau Slonim. Qhov kev kov yeej thib ob tau pib nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv qab kev hais kom ua ntawm tus thawj ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm pab tub rog 10, Colonel Smolyakov. Ua ke nrog cov tub rog uas tab tom tsoo, cov seem ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm ntawm pab tub rog 10, suav nrog Lieutenant General Dmitry Karbyshev, tau sim tawm ntawm ib puag ncig.
Thaum kawg, thaum Lub Rau Hli 27, 1941, cov chav nyob hauv kev hais kom ua ntawm Colonel A. G. Moleva. Lub sijhawm no, tsis yog tsuas yog cov tub rog koom nrog hauv kev kov yeej, tabsis tseem siv phom loj, tso tsheb hlau luam, tub rog tub rog thiab tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv uas tuaj txog hauv Zelva los ntawm Bialystok. Cov lus txib German tau tswj kom xa cov tub rog muaj zog los thaiv txoj hauv kev nkaus xwb uas ua rau kev tawm ntawm kev ncig. Kev sib ntaus txaus ntshai tau tawg. Dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Zelva yog pov thawj tsawg kawg los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ntawm cov neeg German tuag muaj cov neeg tuag nrog lub caj pas gnawed. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm Wehrmacht tsis tau ntsib dua qhov raug mob ua ntej. Cov tub rog Soviet tau tawm tsam rau lub neej thiab kev tuag, nkag siab dab tsi tos lawv thaum raug kaw.
Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ze Zelva, Tus Thawj Coj Loj Mikhail Georgievich Khatskilevich, tus thawj coj ntawm 6th Mechanized Corps, tau raug tua. Ib tus neeg koom nrog hauv Kev Tsov Rog Xaj thiab Soviet-Polish, Khatskilevich tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj hauv xyoo 1940. Hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog tshiab tau ua rau nws ib chav nyob zoo tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam.
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 24, Khatskilevich cov neeg ua haujlwm tau txais kev xaj los ntawm tus thawj coj Pavlov kom tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm Wehrmacht cov chav ua ntej, cov tub rog tub rog tau ua siab tawv rau kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv German 20th Army Corps. Tab sis cov neeg German, uas muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj hauv kev ya dav hlau, sai tau tswj kom tsis txhob muaj cov neeg ua phem, txawm hais tias lub tanker Soviet tau tuaj yeem rub tawm ib feem zoo ntawm Wehrmacht kev faib ua ntej.
Lub Rau Hli 25, 1941 yog hnub kawg hauv General Khatskilevich lub neej. Hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub zos Klepachi, cheeb tsam Slonim, cov tub rog Soviet uas thim rov qab tau ntsib teeb meem German.
Ua ke nrog peb, ze Zelva, cov seem ntawm qee lub tank tsim tawg los ntawm ib puag ncig, uas tsuas muaj ib lub tank T-34 nkaus xwb. Nws tau hais kom ua los ntawm ib tus dav dav hauv lub tank tag nrho. Thaum peb mus rau qhov kev kov yeej, tus dav dav tau nkag mus rau hauv lub tank thiab nws tau maj nroos mus tom ntej. Lub tank tsoo lub phom German tiv thaiv lub tank nrog nws cov ciav hlau, thiab cov tub qhe tau tswj kom tawg. Tab sis, hmoov tsis zoo, nws tau txav mus nrog lub qhov taub qhib qhib, thiab tub rog German tau thawb lub foob pob rau ntawd. Cov neeg coob ntawm lub tank thiab cov dav dav nrog nws raug tua, - rov nco txog feeb kawg ntawm lub neej ntawm Major General Khatskilevich, tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ze Zelva V. N. Ponomarev, uas tau ua haujlwm ua tus xov tooj hauv 157th BAO ntawm 126th Fighter Aviation Regiment.
Nyob rau tib qhov chaw, nyob hauv lub zos Klepachi, cheeb tsam Slonim, cov neeg tuag uas raug faus raug faus. Nws poob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua - nws tseem tsis tau paub tias dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua, txij li cov neeg uas raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg German kuj tsis xav tias yuav muaj dab tsi zoo, nrog rau cov thawj coj uas tseem tab tom tswj kom tawm ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev poob ntau heev, cov txiv neej Liab Tub Rog tseem muaj txoj sia nyob tseem tuaj yeem hla dhau qhov teeb meem German thiab khiav tawm ntawm "Bialystok cuab". Cov tub rog Cossack, yuav luag tag nrho lub zog, poob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis xav tsis thoob uas tau tswj hwm nws txoj cai chij. Nws tau muab zais hauv qab tus choj hla Zelvyanka, thiab tom qab lub sijhawm ua tsov rog nws tau pauv mus rau Minsk Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj.
Kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau sab hnub poob ciam teb ntawm Soviet Union tau txuas ntxiv mus. Thiab lawv raug nqi peb lub tebchaws ntau dua kaum txhiab leej tib neeg lub neej. Yuav luag tag nrho lub zog, 6th Stalin Cossack Cavalry Corps, hais los ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Loj Ivan Semenovich Nikitin, poob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv thaj av Grodno.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1941, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog raug ntes. Nws tau raug thauj mus rau Vladimir-Volynsky tus neeg raug kaw ntawm kev ua tsov rog, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov hauv Hammelsburg, los ntawm qhov chaw uas nws tau hloov mus rau hauv tsev loj cuj Nuremberg. Txawm nyob hauv tsev lojcuj, Nikitin yuav tsis swb, nws tau sim tsim pab pawg hauv av, thiab thaum kawg, thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1942, nws raug tua los ntawm cov neeg German.
Lieutenant General Dmitry Karbyshev, uas dim ntawm Bialystok cauldron, tab sis raug ntes nyob ze Mogilev, ua rau muaj kev tuag txaus ntshai, leej twg, qhov tseeb, tau xaus rau qhov chaw ntawm Sab Hnub Poob nkaus xwb vim tias tsis ntev ua ntej pib tsov rog nws tau mus kev mus ncig ua lag luam txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas kev tsim kho lub zog ntawm 68th Grodno thaj chaw muaj zog. Karbyshev tau raug kaw hauv lub xeev tsis nco qab lawm. Nws tau siv tag nrho kev ua tsov rog nyob hauv German chaw ruaj khov, kom txog rau thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1945 nws raug tsim txom kom tuag hauv Mauthausen qhov chaw siab.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev nyuaj siab kawg tau tos ntau tus thawj coj tub rog Soviet uas tswj hwm los ntawm lawv tus kheej. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 30, 1941, tus thawj coj ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, Tus Thawj Tub Rog Pavlov, tau raug tshem tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm thiab hu mus rau Moscow. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2, nws tau rov qab mus rau pem hauv ntej dua, tab sis thaum Lub Xya Hli 4, 1941, nws raug ntes. Tus lej ntawm lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm tub rog siab ntawm Sab Hnub Poob kuj tseem raug ntes.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 22, 1941, yav dhau los tus thawj coj ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, Tus Thawj Tub Rog Pavlov, tus thawj coj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv ntej, Major General Klimovskikh, tus thawj ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm xub ntiag, Major General Grigoriev, thiab tus thawj coj ntawm 4th Cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, Tus Thawj Coj Loj Korobkov, raug txiav txim siab tuag, kab lus tau ua tiav.
Hauv Bialystok-Minsk lub rhaub dej, qhov tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab ntawm Red Army muaj txog 341,073 tus neeg. Kev hwm thiab cim xeeb nyob mus ib txhis rau cov neeg no, uas sawv ntawm sab hnub poob ciam teb ntawm Soviet Union mus txog thaum kawg thiab nrog lawv lub siab tawv tau tswj hwm kom qeeb ua ntej ntawm cov tub rog German mus rau sab hnub tuaj, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua tsov rog tom ntej.
