Cov lus ntawm "VO" uas tus Minister of Defense ntawm Hungary tuaj rau Voronezh thaum mus ntsib ua rau muaj kev txaus siab. Qee tus nyeem tau hais qhia qhov xav tsis thoob ntawm qhov tseeb no thiab qhov tseeb tias muaj kev faus neeg Hungarian cov tub rog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj av.
Peb yuav qhia koj txog ib qho ntawm cov kev faus neeg no.
Qhov tseeb, twb muaj ib zaj dab neeg hais txog nws, peb xyoos dhau los, tab sis txhua yam tau hloov pauv, tib neeg tuaj, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua raws txhua yam. Yog li cia peb rov hais dua peb tus kheej.
Ua ntej, keeb kwm me ntsis.
Twb tau nyob rau Lub Rau Hli 27, 1941, Lub dav hlau Hungarian tau foob pob rau Soviet ciam teb thiab lub nroog Stanislav. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 1941, ciam teb ntawm Soviet Union tau hla los ntawm ib feem ntawm Carpathian pab pawg nrog tag nrho cov neeg ntau dua 40,000 tus neeg. Chav ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm pab pawg yog Mobile Corps nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm General General Bela Danloki-Miklos.
Lub cev muaj ob lub cav thiab ib pab tub rog tub rog, pab txhawb nqa (engineering, thauj, kev sib txuas lus, thiab lwm yam). Cov tub rog tiv thaiv tau ua tub rog nrog Italian Fiat-Ansaldo CV 33/35 tankettes, Toldi lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab Hungary-ua Csaba cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Tag nrho lub zog ntawm Mobile Corps yog kwv yees li 25,000 tus tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm.
Txog thaum Lub Xya Hli 9, 1941, Hungarians, tau kov yeej qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm 12th Soviet Army, tau nce mus txog 60-70 km tob rau hauv tus yeeb ncuab lub tebchaws. Tib hnub ntawd, pab pawg Carpathian tau raug tshem tawm. Cov tub rog nyob hauv roob thiab ciam teb, uas tsis tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov cuab yeej siv tsheb, yuav tsum ua lub luag haujlwm ruaj ntseg hauv thaj chaw uas muaj nyob, thiab Lub Tuam Txhab Txawb Xov Xwm tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog German Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb, Field Marshal Karl von Rundstedt.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 23, Cov neeg tsav tsheb Hungarian tau pib tawm tsam hauv thaj tsam Bershad-Gayvoron hauv kev koom tes nrog 17th German Army. Thaum Lub Yim Hli, pab pawg loj ntawm Soviet pab tub rog tau nyob puag ncig Uman. Cov chav nyob ib puag ncig tsis mus rau qhov swb thiab ua rau muaj kev cia siab txhawm rau txhawm rau hla kev ncig. Cov neeg Hungarians tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev swb ntawm pab pawg no.
Hungarian Mobile Corps txuas ntxiv kev tawm tsam nrog rau cov tub rog ntawm 11th German Army, koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav nyob ze Pervomaisk thiab Nikolaev. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2, Cov tub rog German-Hungarian tau ntes Dnepropetrovsk tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv txoj kev. Kev sib ntaus sib tua kub tau tawg nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Ukraine hauv Zaporozhye. Cov tub rog Soviet rov pib tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Yog li, thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov kob ntawm Khortitsa, tag nrho cov tub rog Hungarian cov tub rog tau raug puas tsuaj tag nrho.
Hauv kev txuas nrog kev loj hlob ntawm kev poob, kev ua tsov rog zoo li kev hais lus Hungarian tau poob qis. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 5, 1941, General Henrik Werth raug tshem tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ua Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm. Nws qhov chaw raug coj los ntawm tub rog dav dav Ferenc Szombathely, leej twg ntseeg tias nws yog lub sijhawm los txo qis kev ua phem ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian thiab thim lawv los tiv thaiv ciam teb. Tab sis Hitler tswj kom ua tiav qhov no tsuas yog los ntawm kev cog lus tias yuav faib cov neeg Hungarian los tiv thaiv kab thiab cov chaw tswj hwm nyob tom qab ntawm pab tub rog German.
Lub caij no, Cov Tub Ceev Xwm Txuas Txuas txuas ntxiv rau pem hauv ntej, thiab tsuas yog lub Kaum Ib Hlis 24, 1941, qhov kawg ntawm nws cov koog mus rau Hungary. Poob ntawm cov neeg tuag ntawm Sab Hnub Poob muaj txog 2,700 tus neeg tuag (suav nrog 200 tus tub ceev xwm), 7,500 tus raug mob thiab 1,500 tus uas ploj lawm. Ib qho ntxiv, txhua lub tankettes, 80% lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, 90% ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, ntau dua 100 lub tsheb, kwv yees li 30 rab phom thiab 30 lub dav hlau poob lawm.
Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Ib Hlis, "teeb" Hungarian kev sib faib pib tuaj txog hauv tebchaws Ukraine kom ua tub ceev xwm ua haujlwm nyob hauv thaj chaw uas nyob. Lub hauv paus chaw ntawm Hungarian "Pab Pawg Ua Haujlwm" nyob hauv Kiev. Twb tau nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis, cov neeg Hungarians pib koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam kev ua haujlwm tsis ncaj ncees. Qee zaum cov haujlwm no tau dhau los ua kev sib ntaus sib tua tub rog loj heev. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kev ua no yog kev swb thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21, 1941 ntawm kev cais tawm ntawm General Orlenko. Cov Hungarians tau tswj hwm ib puag ncig thiab rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab puag. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv Hungarian, hais txog 1000 tus neeg koom nrog raug tua.
Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1942, Hitler tau thov kom Horthy nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg Hungarian nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj. Thaum xub thawj, nws tau npaj xa tsawg kawg ob feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog Hungarian mus rau pem hauv ntej, tab sis tom qab kev sib tham, cov neeg German tau txo lawv txoj cai.
Txhawm rau xa mus rau Russia, Pawg Tub Rog Hungarian thib 2 tau tsim los nrog tus naj npawb ntawm kwv yees li 250,000 tus neeg nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Lieutenant General Gustav Jan. Nws suav nrog Pawg Tub Rog thib 3, 4 thiab 7 (txhua tus muaj peb pawg tub rog sib faib, zoo ib yam li 8 kev sib faib sib faib), 1st Panzer Division (yeej yog ib pab tub rog) thiab 1st Air Force (yeej yog ib pab tub rog). Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 11, 1942, thawj pawg ntawm 2nd Army tau mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj.
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 28, 1942, German 4th Panzer thiab 2nd Field Armies tau tawm tsam. Lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog lub nroog Voronezh. Kev tawm tsam tau koom nrog cov tub rog ntawm 2nd Hungarian Army - 7th Army Corps.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 9, Cov Neeg German tswj hwm kom tawg mus rau Voronezh. Hnub tom ntej, mus rau sab qab teb ntawm lub nroog, cov neeg Hungarians tau tawm mus rau Don thiab sib sau ua ke lawv lub hauv paus. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tsuas yog ib qho 9th Light Division poob 50% ntawm nws cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov lus hais hauv German tau teeb tsa txoj haujlwm rau 2nd pab tub rog Hungarian kom tshem tawm peb lub choj uas tseem nyob hauv txhais tes ntawm pab tub rog Soviet. Lub taub hau Uryvsky ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj tshaj plaws. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, Cov Neeg Hungarians tau sim ua thawj zaug los pov nws cov neeg tiv thaiv mus rau hauv tus dej, tab sis txhua qhov kev tawm tsam tau tawm tsam. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav thiab ntshav tau tawg. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 9, Soviet cov chaw tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, thawb rov qab cov chav ua ntej ntawm Hungarians thiab nthuav dav lub taub hau ze Uryv. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 3, 1942, Cov tub rog Hungarian-German tau tswj kom thim rov qab cov yeeb ncuab dhau ntawm Don ze lub zos Korotoyak, tab sis Soviet tiv thaiv tuav hauv thaj tsam Uryv. Tom qab cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm Wehrmacht raug xa mus rau Stalingrad, pem hauv ntej ntawm no ruaj khov thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua coj tus yam ntxwv zoo.
Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 13, 1943, txoj haujlwm ntawm 2nd Hungarian Army thiab Alpine Italian Corps raug ntaus los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Voronezh Pem Hauv Ntej, txhawb nqa los ntawm pab tub rog 13 ntawm Bryansk Front thiab 6th Army ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob.
Hnub tom ntej, kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg Hungarians tau tawg dhau, qee qhov raug ntes los ntawm kev ntshai. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam Soviet tau nkag mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab tsoo lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm, cov chaw sib txuas lus, cov mos txwv thiab cov khoom siv. Kev nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus ntawm 1st Hungarian Panzer Division thiab cov chav ntawm 24th German Panzer Corps tsis hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej, txawm hais tias lawv cov kev nqis tes ua qeeb qeeb ntawm Soviet kev ua phem. Thaum sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Ib Hlis-Lub Ob Hlis 1943, 2nd Hungarian Army tau raug kev puas tsuaj loj.
Tag nrho cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tsheb tiv thaiv tau ploj mus, zoo li txhua lub phom loj, qib ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm poob mus txog 80%. Yog tias qhov no tsis yog txoj kab, nws nyuaj rau hu nws ua lwm yam.
Hungarians tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Hais tias lawv tau ntxub ntau dua li cov neeg German yog tsis hais dab tsi. Cov dab neeg uas General Vatutin (hneev tob rau nws thiab nco ntsoov mus ib txhis) tau hais kom "tsis txhob coj cov neeg Hungarians raug kaw" yog kiag li tsis yog dab neeg, tab sis yog keeb kwm qhov tseeb.
Nikolai Fedorovich tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej txog cov dab neeg ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Ostrogozhsky koog tsev kawm ntawv txog kev ua phem ntawm cov neeg Hungarians, thiab, tej zaum, hauv nws lub siab, nws tau tso cov lus no.
Txawm li cas los xij, kab lus kis thoob qhov chaw nrog xob laim nrawm. Qhov no tau ua pov thawj los ntawm cov dab neeg ntawm kuv yawg, ib tus tub rog ntawm 41st Rifle Corps ntawm 10th NKVD Division, thiab tom qab raug mob - 81st Rifle Corps ntawm 25th Guards. nplooj ntawv faib. Cov tub rog, paub txog tias Hungarians tau ua dab tsi, coj nws los ua yam tsis txaus siab. Thiab lawv tau ua nrog Hungarians raws li. Ntawd yog, lawv tsis raug kaw.
Zoo, yog tias, raws li yawg, lawv "tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntse", tom qab ntawd kev sib tham nrog lawv kuj luv. Nyob ze ze hav zoov lossis hav zoov. "Peb pinned lawv … Thaum sim khiav."
Raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm thaj av Voronezh, pab tub rog Hungarian thib ob poob txog 150 txhiab tus neeg, qhov tseeb, txhua yam khoom siv. Dab tsi tseem tshuav twb tau nthuav tawm rau hauv av ntawm Donbass.
Niaj hnub no, muaj ob lub qhov ntxa loj ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian thiab cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cheeb tsam Voronezh.
Cov no yog lub zos Boldyrevka ntawm Ostrogozhsky koog tsev kawm ntawv thiab lub zos Rudkino Khokholsky.
Ntau tshaj 8 txhiab tus tub rog Honved raug faus hauv Boldyrevka. Peb tsis tau nyob ntawd, tab sis peb yuav tuaj ntsib thaum 75 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm Ostrogozh-Rossosh. Ib yam li lub nroog Korotoyak, nws lub npe nyob hauv Hungary paub zoo rau txhua tsev neeg. Raws li lub cim ntawm kev tu siab.
Tab sis peb nres ntawm Rudkino.
Lub cim nco txog ib txwm raug kaw, nws tau qhib tsuas yog thaum cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm Hungary tuaj txog. Tab sis tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub dav hlau, thiab peb tau siv lub drone.
Muaj pes tsawg tus neeg Hungarians dag ntawm no nyuaj hais. Txhua qhov slab muaj 40-45 lub npe. Yuav suav pes tsawg daim phiaj, tab sis nyuaj.
Kuv sim. Nws tau muab tawm tias kwv yees li 50 txog 55 txhiab tau so los so ntawm no. Thiab ntxiv 8, 5 txhiab hauv Boldyrevka.
Lwm tus nyob qhov twg? Thiab txhua qhov nyob hauv tib qho chaw, raws ntug dej ntawm Don-Txiv.
Qhov kev coj ncaj ncees ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim: leej twg los nrog peb ntaj yuav tau khoov hlo li.
Qee tus neeg tsis txaus siab tias qhov no yog li cas toj ntxas Hungarians, Germans, Italians muaj nyob. Zoo-groomed xws li.
Tab sis: peb cov neeg Lavxias tsis tau ua tsov rog nrog cov neeg tuag. Tsoomfwv Hungarian tswj hwm (txawm tias yog peb txhais tes) cov toj ntxas ntawm nws cov tub rog. Thiab tsis muaj dab tsi txaj muag heev hauv qhov no. Txhua yam nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm ob tog kev pom zoo ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas cov tub rog qhov ntxa.
Yog li cia cov tub rog Hungarian dag, nyob hauv cov pob zeb marble, hauv ib qho zoo nkauj dua ntawm Don khoov.
Raws li kev txhim kho rau cov neeg uas tam sim ntawd tseem xav txog qhov tsis tseem ceeb.
