Singapore pom qhov tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam riam phom thoob ntiaj teb
Singapore Airshow 2016 kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev ya dav hlau thiab khoom siv tub rog tau xaus rau hauv Singapore. Lub rooj sab laj tau sawv cev zoo heev. Sab Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj Asia tau ntev yog ib qho muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws, hnyav, thiab yog li ntawd muaj kev sib tw ua lag luam rau riam phom thiab kev ya dav hlau. Txhua tus neeg tseem ceeb siv zog los qhia lawv qhov ua tiav thiab qhov tshiab ntawm no.
Cov tuam txhab los ntawm Russia thiab Tebchaws Meskas, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis, Israel thiab Turkey, Tuam Tshoj thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb - ua cov tuam txhab lag luam tub rog - tau koom nrog Singapore Airshow xyoo no. Txawm li cas los xij, ua rau xav tsis thoob ntawm ntau tus neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws yog kev nthuav tawm ntawm tus tswv. Cov caj npab me thiab mos txwv, tsheb sib ntaus tub rog thiab cov tub rog nqa cov tub rog, cov drones thiab cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus, ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev siv dav hlau - txhua qhov ua tim khawv rau txoj kev uas Singapore tau siv nyob rau ib nrab xyoo los ntawm lub ntiaj teb thib peb mus rau qhov xwm txheej tshiab tub rog-industrial chaw.
Cov koom pheej ntawm Singapore yog lub xeev me tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb hais txog thaj chaw, nrog rau kev tsim khoom lag luam caj npab. Nws cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm tsis sib txuas nrog lub tebchaws cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm kev tiv thaiv tag nrho tau txais thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Txias. Nws nyob hauv qhov tseeb tias, yog tias tsim nyog, txhua lub tebchaws cov peev txheej tau npaj rau kev tiv thaiv kev xav tau. Nws tus kheej kev lag luam tub rog tau dhau los ua qhov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau kev coj ua cov lus qhuab qhia, txij li lub xeev tsis tuaj yeem suav txog kev ntshuam txhua yam riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog vim muaj peev txheej txwv. Singapore tsis mob siab rau autarky hauv kev tsim riam phom. Lub teb chaws ib txwm tseem vam khom rau cov neeg xa khoom txawv teb chaws hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws, feem ntau yog kev sib ntaus hauv aviation.
Cov phom ntev
Cov keeb kwm ntawm lub tebchaws cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj rov qab los rau thawj xyoo ntawm lub tebchaws nyob. Cov kws pab tswv yim tub rog Israeli, uas tau tsim pab tub rog ntawm lub tebchaws, tau pom zoo los siv Asmeskas M16 phom ntev, uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd twb dhau los pom zoo hauv cov huab cua ntawm Asia sab hnub tuaj thiab tshem tawm cov mob thaum yau thiab teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis zoo. mos txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, Colt tau dhau los ntawm kev xaj rau Asmeskas Cov Tub Rog hauv Nyab Laj Nyab Laj thiab muab daim ntawv tso cai rau cov neeg Singapore kom tsim phom loj. Txhawm rau tus tswv tsim cov M16 thiab mos txwv rau nws, Chartered Industries of Singapore (CIS) tau tsim xyoo 1967. Raws li cov tub rog tau tsim, kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv Singapore tau ua tiav nrog cov tuam txhab tshiab. Xyoo 1968, Singapore Shipbuilding & Engineering pib ua haujlwm, uas nws lub luag haujlwm yog tsim thiab tswj lub nkoj saib xyuas lub teeb rau cov tub rog rog uas tau tsim. Xyoo 1969, Singapore Electronic & Engineering Limited tau tsim, uas yog los kho nrog kho thiab saib xyuas kev sib txuas lus thiab khoom siv radar. Xyoo 1971, Singapore Automotive Engineering tau ntxiv (pabcuam cov cuab yeej siv tub rog ntawm cov tub rog hauv av), xyoo 1973 - Kev Txhim Kho Txhim Kho thiab Kev Tsim Kho Vaj Tsev (tsim cov mos txwv loj), xyoo 1975 - Singapore Aerospace Maintenance Company (SAMCO, pabcuam dav hlau thiab dav hlau helicopters). Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1974, tsoomfwv tau txiav txim siab koom ua ke cov tuam txhab tiv thaiv tsis sib xws rau hauv ib lub xeev Sheng-Li tuav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txiav txim siab tau pib ua nws tus kheej kev tsim riam phom thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam. Xyoo 1978, Unicorn International tau tsim los txhawb nqa Singaporean cov khoom tiv thaiv. Kev tsim kho thawj cov qauv pib - SAR 80 phom ntev thiab rab phom Ultimax 100 lub teeb. Lawv tau txais los ntawm pab tub rog Singapore nyob rau xyoo 1982 thiab 1984, thiab thawj qhov kev xa tawm sai sai tom qab ntawd. Lub tshuab rab phom tau yuav los ntawm Philippine Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog raws li txoj haujlwm pabcuam tub rog Asmeskas. Xyoo 1988, thawj tus kheej lub foob pob hluav taws tau tsim - FH -88 rub lub cav.
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1990, Sheng-Li tuav tau hloov npe hu ua Singapore Technologies (ST) Holdings. Nws tsim cov tuam txhab kev lag luam uas tau dhau los ntawm IPO ntawm Singapore Kev Hloov Pauv. Txawm li cas los xij, txog rau thaum kawg ntawm 90s, thaj tsam ntawm Singaporean cov tub rog-kev tsim khoom lag luam tau txwv rau caj npab me me, rub phom loj thiab nkoj saib xyuas. Kev nce qib hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam rau pej xeem tau tso cai hloov pauv mus rau kev tsim qauv thiab tsim khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm qib txuj ci siab dua. Txog qhov kawg no, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tuav pov hwm tau tsim kho dua tshiab thiab ntau qhov kev yuav khoom, vim qhov kev lag luam tub rog tau txais nws cov qauv niaj hnub no.
Lub tuam txhab niam txiv yog ST Engineering, tus tswj hwm (51.3%) uas yog los ntawm lub xeev tus tswv Temasek tuav (lub tuam txhab peev loj tshaj plaws hauv Asia muaj ntau yam khoom muaj nqis nyob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws). Peb tuaj yeem hais tias ST Engineering yog qhov sib piv hauv zos ntawm Lavxias thev naus laus zis. Nws cov nyiaj tau los hauv xyoo 2014 yog $ 6, 53 nphom, xaj phau ntawv - $ 12, 5 nphom. Thiab qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom lag luam tub rog, raws li Lub Koom Haum Stockholm rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb, mus txog $ 2.01 txhiab daus las, uas tso cai rau ST Engineering suav nrog nyob rau hauv ib puas saum ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua thawj coj ua tub rog-kev lag luam. Thiab kom muab nws tso rau ntawm qhov chaw 51 hauv qhov kev ntaus nqi, siab dua, piv txwv li, Israeli Rafael lossis Uralvagonzavod. ST Engineering muaj plaub lub hauv paus tseem ceeb: ST Aerospace, ST Land Systems, ST Electronics, ST Marine thiab me dua. Txhua tus, nyeg, nws muaj nws tus kheej network ntawm cov chaw pabcuam hauv tebchaws Singapore thiab lwm lub tebchaws.
Txhua tus ntawm lawv tus kheej, tsuas yog tso tsheb hlau luam
Cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm ST Land Systems Singapore faib ua sawv cev los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog thiab riam phom rau hauv av. ST Land Systems hom yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm Singapore Technologies Kinetics Ltd. Kev faib khoom tau tsim thiab tsim nws tus kheej cov qauv ntawm BMPs, cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog, rab phom rau tus kheej, rub cov phom loj loj, thiab lwm yam. Thawj qhov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsheb loj yog BMP Bionix, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo 1999. Cov ntawv tshaj lij tshaj plaws yog Terrex lub log uas muaj cov neeg nqa khoom nqa. Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 2004 hauv kev koom tes nrog Irish tuam txhab Timoney Technology Ltd. thiab Turkish Otokar. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tshuab yog muaj lub ntsej muag ncig (nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj pom lub koob yees duab nyob ib puag ncig) thiab hnov suab pom hluav taws. Ib qho ntxiv, cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv cov tub rog tau koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tuam txhab thiab qib ua tub rog. Raws li Terrex, kev kho mob, hais kom ua, kev tshawb nrhiav qhov tseeb, rab phom loj thiab lub dav hlau soj ntsuam lub tsheb tau tsim. Kwv yees li 300 chav nyob ntawm txhua hom raug xa mus rau Singapore Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog hauv xyoo 2006–2011. Cov tsheb tiv thaiv uas tsim los ntawm ST Land Systems tau nquag txav mus rau thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam, thiab lawv muaj kev ua tiav loj - daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2008 muaj nqis 150 lab phaus (221 lab daus las) rau kev muab 115 Bronco tsheb rau Great Britain. Bronco (lub npe Askiv Askiv ntawm Warthog) - cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv taug qab cov tsheb uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv IEDs - tau yuav los ntawm London hauv plaub qhov qauv (hais kom ua, kho mob, kho thiab tshem tawm, thauj) rau qhov txuas ntxiv hauv Afghanistan.
ST Land Systems yog ib qho ntawm ob peb tus neeg tsim khoom tseem tshuav thiab tsim cov tshuab siv rab phom loj (howitzers thiab mortars), ob leeg ua tus kheej thiab tsav tsheb, hauv ntiaj teb kev lag luam. Primus tus kheej-propelled 155 mm howitzer tau tsim xyoo 2003 raws li Asmeskas M109. Muab cov khoom siv mos txwv ncaj qha los ntawm lub tsheb rau lawv kev thauj mus los. Kev siv lub cev aluminium alloy txo qhov hnyav ntawm ACS mus rau 28 tons. Towed artillery systems tau sawv cev los ntawm FH-2000 155-mm howitzer thiab lub teeb pom kev thauj mus los 155-mm SLWH Pegasus (Singapore Lub Teeb Nyhav Howitzer). Lawv cov yam ntxwv yog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov cav me me, uas muab rab phom muaj peev xwm hloov pauv nws tus kheej txoj haujlwm, thiab tau siv dav hauv kev tsim cov hlau phom. Kev tswj hwm pom towed howitzers raws li lawv cov kev lag luam tshwj xeeb, lawv tau nquag ua lag luam hauv khw. Ntxiv nrog rau cov phom loj, ST Kinetics yog ib tus thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb hauv kev txhim kho thiab tsim khoom ntawm 40 mm grenade launchers thiab mos txwv. Cov kab khoom suav nrog phau ntawv txhaj tshuaj ib leeg CIS 40 GL, tsis siv neeg CIS 40AGL thiab nws cov qauv hnyav, LWAGL. Cov khoom no tau nthuav dav. Ntau tshaj 10 txhiab CIS 40AGL tau muag hauv 20 lub tebchaws.
Cov npe ntawm ST Kinetics cov caj npab me me suav nrog CPW (Compact Personal Weapon) rab phom submachine, phom SAR-21 phom loj thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig, Ultimax 100 rab phom siv tshuab, thiab CIS 50MG phom tshuab hnyav. Ib qho ntxiv, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tso cai ntawm Belgian lub tuam txhab FN Herstal, ib rab phom FN MAG tshuab tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub npe GPMG. Cov tub rog me me hauv tebchaws Singapore xav tau hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, ob qho tib si ntawm cov tub rog hauv tebchaws thiab ntawm cov tuam txhab ua tub rog ntiag tug thiab lwm yam txheej txheem vim lawv qhov ua tau zoo-tus nqi sib piv. SAR-21 phom ntev thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig tau ua haujlwm nrog Cov Tub Rog thiab cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb ntawm xya lub tebchaws, Ultimax 100 rab phom tshuab yog siv los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Brunei, Indonesia, Philippines, Thaib thiab lwm yam, CIS 50MG tshuab hnyav rab phom raws li lub npe SMB-QCB yog tsim los ntawm daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm Indonesian tuam txhab Pindad. Ntxiv nrog rau cov lus saum toj no, ST Kinetics tsim ntau hom mos txwv. Ua tsaug rau ST Land Systems, Singapore yog nyob ze rau tus kheej txaus hauv riam phom rau hauv av. Los ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv, lub tebchaws tsuas yog xav tau ntshuam lub tank loj, los ntawm caj npab me - hauv rab yaj phom thiab phom sniper, txawm hais tias nws pom tseeb tias qhov kev vam khom no yuav kov yeej.
Los ntawm drones mus rau satellites
ST Aerospace lub khw tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb yog kev saib xyuas thiab tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas hauv kev dav dav dav dav, suav nrog kev pabcuam dav hlau los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws Asian. Lub tuam txhab tuav daim ntawv tso cai dav dav dav hlau, suav nrog cov khoom lag luam los ntawm Boeing, Airbus, Sikorsky Helicopters thiab lwm lub tuam txhab ua lag luam. Xyoo 2006, lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm loj rau kev tsim kho lub dav hlau uas tsis muaj neeg siv. Txog tam sim no, kev nce qib hauv cheeb tsam no tau txwv rau kev tsim cov drones me me thiab ultra-me. Yog li, xyoo 2010, Skyblade UAV tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam nrog cov cuab yeej txawj ntse ntawm pab tub rog Singapore. Cov cuab yeej hnyav tsib kilograms tau nruab nrog lub koob yees duab yees duab thiab lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, muaj peev xwm nqa tawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov deb li ntawm yim kilometers ntawm qhov chaw tshaj tawm. Tam sim no, nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm Israeli tuam txhab IAI, UAVs ntawm qib txuj ci siab raug tsim los. Qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb rau ST Aerospace hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no yuav yog kev koom nrog hauv Kev Koom Tes Ua Haujlwm Sib Ntaus. Nyob rau xyoo 2000s, tsoomfwv Singapore tau tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm yuav khoom ntau txog tsib puas tiam F-35 Xob Laim II cov neeg tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshem tawm ntsug (F-35B). ST Aerospace yuav tsum tau kho kho thiab kho cov tshuab no.
Cov tub rog txoj haujlwm ntawm ST Electronics faib suav nrog kev txhim kho C4ISR kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm, tsim khoom siv cuam tshuam, khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob kho qhov muag rau cov tub rog thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog. Lub tuam txhab yog tus xa khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej kawm rau Singapore Army. Ib qho ntxiv, ST Electronics yog tus tsim tawm Advanced Advanced Combat Man System. Nws suav nrog cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus ntawm tus kheej, lub koob yees duab saib xyuas thiab lub khoos phis tawj laptop, suav nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tuam tsev.
Lub tuam txhab teeb tsa txoj haujlwm ntawm kev xa tawm chaw lag luam hauv lub tebchaws. Xyoo 2014, Lub Chaw Rau Kev Tsim Qauv Tshuab Xaws (ST Electronics 'Satellite Systems Center) tau tsim, uas tau pib tsim cov cuab yeej siv los ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv.
Shipyards thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus kev loj hlob
Xyoo tsis ntev los no, kev tsim tub rog nkoj ntawm Singapore tau ua kom nws txoj haujlwm ruaj khov. Nov yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ua los ntawm ST Marine. Lub nkoj Endurance tsaws yog thawj qhov haujlwm ua tub rog loj uas yuav tsum tau ua ntawm Singapore cov nkoj nkoj. Plaub qhov qauv, ua los ntawm 1998 txog 2001, hloov Lub Nroog-chav kawm tank-tsaws nkoj ua hauv Asmeskas hauv 50s. Txhua Qhov Kev Nyuaj Siab muaj peev xwm thauj tau txog 18 lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab txog li 350 tus tub rog. Ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj uas ua rau Singapore Navy muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm cov tebchaws nyob rau sab Asia sab hnub tuaj yog kev tsim cov nkoj loj uas tsim tau. Daim ntawv cog lus nrog Fabkis lub tuam txhab DCNS tau kos npe thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2002. Raws li cov lus cog tseg, thawj lub nkoj tau tsim hauv Fab Kis Lorient (nkag rau kev pabcuam thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2007), tsib qhov ntxiv - ntawm Benois lub nkoj xa khoom hauv Singapore. Qhov kev paub no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim nyog tau txais kev xaj loj los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Xyoo 2009, daim ntawv cog lus $ 135 lab tau kos npe los tsim HTMS Angthong tsaws khoom rau Thaib Navy. Lub nkoj tau xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2012. Kev xa tawm tau zoo ntawm Singapore cov nkoj tsim khoom (thiab feem ntau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev muag riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog nyob txawv teb chaws) tau kos npe thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2012 ntawm daim ntawv cog lus muaj nqis txog $ 880 lab rau kev txhim kho thiab tsim kho plaub lub nkoj saib xyuas rau Omani Navy. Kev tsim qauv yuav ua raws me me lub nkoj loj ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tsis Txaus Ntseeg hauv chav saib xyuas, ua hauv 90s rau Singapore Navy. Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias lub tebchaws muaj peev xwm tsim tau txhua yam kev sib tsoo ntawm nkoj thiab nkoj. Txawm hais tias, tau kawg, ntau yam khoom siv (riam phom foob pob hluav taws, radar thiab cov chaw nres tsheb sonar, cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob) yuav tsum raug xa tawm.
Hais txog qhov kev cia siab rau kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws hauv tebchaws Singapore, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias kev lag luam hauv tsev twb dhau los lawm. Tsuas yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab muaj peev txheej siv tau zoo, xws li kev txhim kho thiab tsim khoom ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau, foob pob hluav taws, lub tank loj sib ntaus sib tua thiab submarines. Kev xa tawm ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tebchaws ntawm cov riam phom no thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig vim yog kev lag luam (txwv kev lav paub ua lag luam nrog tus nqi nkag nkag siab heev), yog li Singapore yuav txuas ntxiv tso siab rau cov khoom tuaj ntawm no.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws nyuaj rau yav tom ntej yuav yog kev sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv cov niches uas lub teb chaws kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam twb tau sau muaj peev xwm txaus thiab muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom sib tw. Cov no yog, ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov caj npab me me, cov foob pob tawg, cov phom loj, cov mos txwv, cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, thiab yav tom ntej - ntaus cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas lus. Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam, Singaporean kev lag luam tub rog sib koom ua ke txoj cai kev lag luam (kev sawv cev dav ntawm kev nthuav tawm thoob ntiaj teb, kev pabcuam ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav hauv kev tshaj xov xwm) nrog rau kev tawm tswv yim nthuav dav network ntawm cov haujlwm txawv teb chaws. Kev pom zoo ntawm kev koom tes hauv kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tau kos npe nrog ntau lub tebchaws tsim caj npab, suav nrog Australia, Fabkis, Norway, Sweden, South Africa thiab Tebchaws Askiv. Russia kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov npe ntawm cov neeg koom nrog tau rau Singapore. Rau tag nrho nws cov kev cai dab qhuas sab hnub poob, Singapore tsis yog koom nrog ib pab tub rog, txawj ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub zog. Piv txwv li, lub xeev muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog Suav thiab Taiwan. Rau peb lub tebchaws, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev rau txim los ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas, thaum cov khoom siv los ntawm kev siv riam phom, lawv cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog raug thaiv, qhov nrawm dua yog kev nrhiav cov koom tes tshiab. Singapore qhib rau kev koom tes. Ntawm nws daim npav trump yog txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev tswj hwm kev xa khoom cuam tshuam nrog cov tub rog ua haujlwm. Nrog lub koom haum tsim nyog ntawm kev lag luam, kev lag luam ntawm Singaporean kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov koom tes zoo rau cov tuam txhab Lavxias.
Yog xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Singapore thiab lwm yam kev tsim tub rog muaj hwj chim, saib Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Ua Tub Rog Hauv Lub Tebchaws los ntawm Lub Chaw rau Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb, tawm los rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav no.
