Xyoo 1982, riam phom tau tsim los rau kev ntoj ncig hnub qub, thiab xyoo 1986, nws tau siv los ntawm Chaw Tsov Rog.
Qhov tseeb ntawm nws muaj nyob rau ntau xyoo tsis tuaj yeem hais txog. Tus tsim thiab nws lub hom phiaj raug cais. Tau kawg, tsis tau tham txog kev ua tub rog ntawm qhov chaw sab nrauv. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb arsenal tsuas yog rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv, ib tus tuaj yeem hais kom muaj txoj sia nyob. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov riam phom no yog los tiv thaiv cov neeg coob ntawm lub tsheb nqes hav thaum nws tsaws hauv thaj chaw tsis muaj neeg nyob.
Alexey Leonov yog tus pib ntawm qhov pom ntawm riam phom hauv kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm cov neeg caij dav hlau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, xyoo 1979, nws tau mus ntsib lub chaw tsim khoom siv riam phom hauv Tula. Nyob ntawd nws hais rau cov neeg tsim khoom tias Voskhod-2 lub dav hlau ya dav hlau uas tau tsaws hauv cheeb tsam Perm tau ploj kev sib cuag nrog pab pawg tshawb fawb. Cov kws tshawb fawb hnub qub tau tshawb nrhiav tas hnub nrog kev pab los ntawm cov dav hlau. Lub sijhawm no, siv sijhawm sib sib zog nqus snowdrifts thiab txias, tuaj yeem yog zaum kawg rau cov neeg caij nkoj. Cov hav zoov hauv ib cheeb tsam muaj cov tsiaj qus thiab cov neeg tsav dav hlau tau raug hem los ntawm cov tsiaj nyaum tsiv, vim lawv tsis muaj dab tsi los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej. Yog tias cov kws tshaj lij huab cua muaj riam phom tshwj xeeb ntawm tes, Leonov hais tias, peb txhua tus yuav muaj kev ntseeg siab dua.
Tom qab ntawd, Tula cov kws siv phom, ntawm lawv tus kheej txoj kev pheej hmoo thiab kev ntshai, teeb tsa los txhim kho kev siv tus kheej ntawm "riam phom chaw". Kuv yuav tsum pib los ntawm kos, txij li tsuas yog tsis muaj ib qho kev sib piv hauv ntiaj teb.
Riam phom tau tsim nyob rau hauv peb qhov kev qhia: rab phom, rab phom tus kheej thauj khoom yooj yim, thiab rab phom peb-phom. Cov phom tau tso tseg tam sim ntawd: nws qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj tsis tau tso cai rau nws siv hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub cuab yeej, vim tias txhua qhov hnyav ntawm qhov hnyav thiab centimeter ntawm qhov chaw tau coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Ob qhov kev sim tam sim tau xa mus rau Lub Hnub Qub Lub Nroog: rab phom peb-rab phom thiab rab phom. Pawg neeg xaiv tsa tam sim ntawd tshem tawm rab phom, nws lub nruas tau yoog rau cov cartridges ntawm cov ntsuas sib txawv. "TP-82", cim nyob rau hauv uas peb rab phom rab phom, lub npe menyuam yaus "Poacher's Dream", tau dhau mus, tau txais los ntawm pawg haujlwm yam tsis tau hais tawm. Tom qab ntawd, rab yaj phom tau dhau los ua lub hnab nqa khoom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev - SONAZ. Lub hnab tshwj xeeb tau ua rau ntawm lub dav hlau rau nqa riam phom.
Rab phom no yog peb -barreled: rab phom phom - sab saud, du -puab - qis dua. Lub rab yaj phom tau yoog raws rau kev tiv thaiv daim cartridges uas muaj zog, tua thiab teeb liab. Ib rab phom hnyav 2,400 grams. Lub zog ua kom tuag yog siab heev, nws tuaj yeem tua tsiaj hnyav 360 kg los ntawm plaub caug meters. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias thaum muaj xwm txheej xwm txheej, piv txwv li, nrog kev npau taws ntawm tus kws tsav dav hlau, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv riam phom, lub dav hlau yuav ya sib nrug.
Tau ntau xyoo SONAZ rab phom tau muab cais. Cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv tsis tau siv rau nws qhov kev teeb tsa. Kev siv tau ntawm riam phom tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ua ntej lub dav hlau mus rau qhov chaw. Cov riam phom tau txais thaum tau txais los ntawm tus thawj coj ua haujlwm nrog rau cov mos txwv. Cov mos txwv tau teeb tsa ntawm 10 lub teeb liab thiab 40 hloov pauv. Cov riam phom raug xa rov qab mus rau lub tsev rau khoom thaum tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, raws li ntau qhov chaw, Tula phom kws tsim khoom los ntawm peb caug rau ib puas qhov chaw rab phom. Ib qho ntawm cov phom me no tau nthuav tawm ua piv txwv ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Xeev Lub Tsev Hauv Tula.
Kev tso rab yaj phom thiab mos txwv raug tso tseg nyob rau xyoo 1980s. Cov ntaub ntawv raug cai yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv chaw muaj rab phom txaus, thiab lawv cov khoom tsim tawm tsis raug.
Raws li cov kws ntaus phom lawv tus kheej, kev tsim khoom raug tso tseg vim tsis muaj nyiaj. Tom qab rab phom tau tshaj tawm, cov kws sim dav hlau, cov kws tshawb fawb txog hav zoov, cov neeg taug kev thiab cov neeg yos hav zoov, thiab txhua tus neeg uas nws txoj haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm tau txuas nrog nrog cov xwm txheej hnyav, vam tias nws cov khoom tsim tawm. Lawv yeej xav tau riam phom ciaj sia. Thiab tsuas yog SONAZ, uas tau ua tiav qhov kev xeem hauv cov huab cua sib txawv, yog qhov zoo tshaj rau qhov no. Tam sim no muaj qhov sib piv ntawm TP-82 hu ua Vepr, tab sis hais txog cov yam ntxwv nws phem dua. Cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko, uas yog tus thawj coj ntawm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb thib kaum rau ISS, tau muab rab yaj phom Makarov rau ntawm lub davhlau, txij li hnub tas sij hawm ntawm SONAR cartridges tau tas sijhawm, vim tias lawv tau tso tawm hauv Soviet lub sijhawm. Yog li tam sim no lub ntsej muag saib ntawm pab pawg tus thawj coj los nrog rab phom tub ceev xwm zoo ib yam.
