Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tshiab yog los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij G. Donner. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm rab phom tshiab yog qhov chaw ntawm lub thoob ntawm lub log qib mus. Qhov no tau muab rab phom kom ruaj khov zoo thaum tua ib rab phom thiab muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj me ntsis, uas ua tiav qhov pom tsawg kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Kev tsim kho txoj haujlwm tau pib thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1942. Tus saib xyuas haujlwm yog kws ua haujlwm E. Fabricius. Phom tshiab muaj npe PstK 57/76.
Cov mos txwv tshiab tab tom tsim rau rab phom. Nws tau tsim los ntawm qhov loj me ntawm 57mm los ntawm rab phom Hotchkiss nqaum "57/58 H", uas tau muab tso rau hauv 76mm lub plhaub rooj plaub los ntawm kev faib phom "76 K / 02". Raws li kev suav, qhov pib nrawm ntawm cov mos txwv tshiab yuav tsum yog 1000 m / s, tab sis ntawm kev ntsuas qhov projectile tau pom tias nrawm dua, kwv yees li 1100 m / s.
Thawj qhov kev sim ntawm tus qauv ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tshiab pib thaum ib nrab xyoo 1943. Txog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tsab ntawv tau los txog qhov kawg, lawv tau pib npaj phiaj xwm tsim cov phom ntau txog 200 daim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub rog tau tso tseg rab phom 57mm thiab xav tau rab phom 75mm. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov kev txiav txim siab no yog German 75mm (75 K / 40) phom tiv thaiv lub tank los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam. Txhawm rau koom ua ke cov phom hais txog cov mos txwv, nws tau siv rab phom loj 75mm.
Tsis pub dhau ob peb hlis, kev tsim phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau hloov pauv thiab pom zoo rau kev tsim kho. Cov phom 75mm tshiab tau muab lub npe ua haujlwm "75 K / 44". Lub tuam tsev tub rog Finnish tseem tau xaj xaj ua ntej rau cov ntawv hauv 150 daim ntawv theej.
Cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tau ua rau lub thoob - nws qhov ntev tau nce mus txog 55 calibers. Qhov no tau ua rau nce nrawm ntawm cov mos txwv tsim los tiv thaiv German "PAK-40":
- armor -tho "Pzgr. 39" - 903 m / s tiv 790 m / s;
sub -caliber "Pzgr. 40" - 1145 m / s tawm tsam 933 m / s;
Lub 75 K / 44 tau nruab nrog tus kheej tsim tus kheej lub tog raj kheej nres, lub tshuab raj tsis siv neeg ib nrab thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv (daim thaiv ob npaug). Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav ntawm 75 K / 44 tsis pub dhau ib thiab ib nrab tons, kev thauj mus los tau ua los ntawm kev sib piv nrog German "PAK-40", qhov hnyav ntawm ob rab phom yog siv tib yam. Cov neeg tsim khoom hauv Finnish tseem tsim cov mos txwv me me tshiab rau rab phom tshiab tsis yog German "Pzgr.40", tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom loj-cov tungsten cores siv hauv cov mos txwv me me tsis tau tsim los ntawm Finns.
Kev sim ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank hloov pauv rau qhov muaj peev xwm loj dua tau pib thaum ntxov ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1943. Thaum lub sijhawm xeem, teeb meem loj nrog kev ntseeg tau ntawm rab phom tau txheeb xyuas. Txog lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1944, ua haujlwm tsim cov riam phom tau pib ua nyob rau hauv hom kev txhim kho - lub sijhawm no, cov tub rog Soviet tau pib tawm tsam loj hauv Karelia kom tshem kev hem thawj rau Leningrad thiab thim Finland los ntawm kev ua tsov rog.
Cov kev ntsuas tom ntej yuav tshwm sim thaum kawg Lub Xya Hli 1944. Tus qauv qhia pom qhov nkag mus zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov cuab yeej, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem nrog nws qhov kev ntseeg tau. Cov tub rog tau thov kom ua tiav qhov tshwm sim, uas nws yuav tsum tau hloov pauv mus rau qhov tsim ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov qis ntawm rab phom - Cov tub rog Finnish tsis txaus siab rau nws kiag li, txij li qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov av ntxhib tau nthuav tawm (tej zaum vim yog thaj av tsis sib xws, rab phom tsis haum rau kev tua nrog hluav taws ncaj qha, lossis rab phom coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thaum lub tsheb thauj mus los).
Cov kws ua haujlwm Finnish tsis tuaj yeem nqa phom mus rau lub siab - thaum lub Cuaj Hli Finland tau kos npe rau kev sib haum xeeb nrog USSR. Tom qab ntawd, kev tsim phom pib ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov tub rog - 75 K / 44 qhia tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau German "PAK -40". Qhov ua tau zoo tiv thaiv cov qauv tshiab ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tseem tsis ntseeg.
Raws li qhov kev pom zoo kos npe rau kev tsis txaus siab, rab phom tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm riam phom thiab khoom siv pauv mus rau Soviet Union. Txawm li cas los xij, 75 K / 44 tsis txaus siab rau Soviet cov tub rog thiab cov tsim qauv, thiab rab phom tau xa rov qab mus rau Finns. Kev tsim cov phom loj zuj zus tuaj, nws tau paub tias hauv 50s nws tau txhim kho me ntsis. Ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb, nws yog qhov tsim nyog sau cia hloov lub knurler - hloov lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ib zaug, ib qho hydropneumatic tau teeb tsa.
Txoj hmoo ntawm rab phom 75 K / 44
Hauv nruab nrab-50s, rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau teev los ntawm Finnish caj npab tuam txhab Tampella li "75mm anti-tank gun mod. 46 "ib. Ib qho ntawm cov qauv raug xa mus rau cov neeg Ixayees rau kev sim rau qhov muaj peev xwm xa tawm tom ntej. Cov neeg Israel tsis tau xaj riam phom no rau lawv tus kheej pab tub rog, thiab riam phom (qauv) tseem nyob nrog cov neeg Israel. Lwm tsab ntawv tau siv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-60s ua cov qauv ntsuas (1: 2) kom tom qab tsim cov phom Finnish 155K83. Tus qauv ntawm riam phom tau pauv mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej.
Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv
Txog thaum xyoo 1936, Finns tau ua tub rog nrog 44 tus neeg Nyij Pooj tau tsim 75 VK / 98 phom, tsim raws li tus qauv zoo sib xws (lub thoob nyob rau theem ntawm lub log qag), tom qab ntawd muag rau Spain (feem ntau ntawm lawv).
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- caliber 75 (qub 57mm)
- qhov siab ntawm rab phom yog li 0.9 meters;
phom hnyav - 1.5 tons;
chim chim 55 calibers;
- siv cov mos txwv- cov cuab yeej-tho thiab sub-caliber;
- Thawj qhov nrawm ntawm cov cuab yeej -tho / subcaliber projectile - 903/1145 m / s.
