Vim li cas T-34 poob rau PzKpfw III, tab sis yeej Tsov thiab Panthers?
Yog li, peb nres ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum pib xyoo 1943:
1. Kev lag luam Soviet tau ua tiav kev tsim ntau ntawm T -34 - nws tau pib tsim ntawm txhua 5 lub chaw tsim khoom, qhov uas nws tau tsim thaum xyoo ua rog. Qhov no, tau kawg, tsis suav nrog Stalingrad Tank Plant, qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm "peb caug-plaub" tau txiav tawm thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1942 thiab tsis rov pib dua.
2. Tus tsim ntawm lub tank T-34 tau zoo dua qub thiab tso tseg ntawm ntau yam "kab mob thaum yau". Feem ntau, cov tub rog tam sim no tau txais lub tank npaj txhij ua rog nrog lub zog me ntsis ntxiv.
3. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau tsim muaj coob tus thiab kawm siv cov tub rog lub cev, uas tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib piv hauv tsev (tsis yog daim ntawv theej!) Ntawm German lub tank faib. Tentatively, thawj pab pawg ntawm lub xeev sib xws tau tshwm sim hauv lub hlis thib plaub ntawm xyoo 1942.
Yog li, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias mus txog qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1942 - pib xyoo 1943 Cov Tub Rog Liab tau txais nws tus kheej "Panzerwaffe" muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo ua tsov rog niaj hnub no txawm tias tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab zoo li cov tub rog ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm chav kawm, peb cov tub rog tseem muaj chav kom loj tuaj. Peb yuav txiav txim siab qhov tsis txaus ntawm peb lub tank tsim me ntsis tom qab, tab sis tam sim no cia peb ua tib zoo saib "qhov tsaus ntuj nti Aryan ntse heev" tau teb rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub zog tank Soviet li cas.
Raws li peb tau hais ntau zaus ua ntej, qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm T-34 hla lub tso tsheb hlau luam German yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv phom loj, uas T-34 tau tiv thaiv tusyees ntawm txhua sab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntawm German T-III thiab T-IV, txawm tias tom qab ntxiv dag zog rau lawv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, projectile, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd-nrog qee qhov tshwj tseg, tsuas yog lub xub ntiag ntawm lub tsheb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm chav kawm, lo lus "tiv thaiv phom loj" tau siv tau rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm txhua lub Soviet thiab German tso tsheb hlau luam, tshwj tsis yog rau KV-1-nws daim hlau 75 hli daim hlau tiag tiag "tsis xav tau" txhawm rau hla Wehrmacht tiv thaiv tank phom loj ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Raws li rau 45 mm daim hlau thaiv daim hlau ntawm T-34, lawv, txawm hais tias muaj lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov xav tau, yog qhov projectile tsuas yog tiv thaiv tsawg tus lej ntawm cov phom loj. Raws li qhov tseeb, T-34 cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv cov phom me 50 thiab 75 mm, nrog rau cov phom me me. Tab sis tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov phom ntawm 50-mm rab phom ntev, tiv thaiv T-34 tsis ua haujlwm zoo, txawm hais tias nws nyuaj heev rau kev txiav txim siab puas tsuaj los ntawm rab phom no mus rau peb caug plaub, thiab Cov neeg German lawv tus kheej xav tias nws tsuas yog siv tau zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov phom los ntawm 75 mm phom nrog lub qhov ntev ib puag ncig tiv thaiv T-34 zoo li muaj xwm txheej. Yog li, raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum No. 48, tau ua tiav xyoo 1942, tsuas yog 31% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg ntaus nrog 75 -mm zoo li tau nyab xeeb rau lub tank - thiab tsis muaj kev lees paub tias qee lub foob pob raug tua los ntawm luv luv -phom phom. Los ntawm txoj kev, rau 50-mm shells, tus naj npawb ntawm kev nyab xeeb tsoo mus txog 57%.
Yog li, cov neeg German, ntsib hauv xyoo 1941 nrog T-34 thiab KV, tau kawg, tsis tau zaum idly los ntawm thiab txij li xyoo 1942 tau mob siab ua kom tiav ntawm Wehrmacht thiab SS chav nrog cov riam phom tiv thaiv txaus. Nws zoo li cas?
Phom phom
Ua ntej kev tawm tsam ntawm USSR, lub hauv paus tiv thaiv lub tank loj ntawm Wehrmacht yog 37-hli Pak 35/36 "mallet".
Cia peb ua tib zoo mloog me ntsis txog kev tsim phom Germanic. Thawj tus lej rau Cov Neeg German txhais tau tias yog qhov muaj peev xwm, thiab hauv centimeters, tsis yog millimeters, tab sis tus kws sau ntawv nyiam ua kom lub ntsiab lus paub rau tus neeg nyeem hauv tsev. Qhov no tau ua raws los ntawm lub npe ntawm chav kawm phom loj: Pak yog "Panzerabwehrkanone" lossis "Panzerjägerkanone", uas yog, phom tiv thaiv lub tank lossis lub tank tua phom, raws li lawv tuaj hu tom qab. Thiab thaum kawg, cov duab kawg yog lub xyoo uas tau tsim cov qauv.
Cov phom no muaj ntau qhov zoo. Nws tau hnyav heev, uas ua rau nws yooj yim thauj los ntawm lub tsheb thiab tso cai rau cov neeg coob coob yob nws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov me me ntawm rab phom ua rau nws muaj peev xwm npog nws tau zoo, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub plhaub thiab qhov kev tsim ua tiav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho qhov hluav taws kub ntau. Tab sis, nrog rau tag nrho nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg, "mallet" muaj ob qhov tsis tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem zam tau - qhov ua tau zoo tiv thaiv riam phom tsawg ntawm qhov projectile thiab muaj peev xwm tso siab tau tsuas yog tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov phom tiv thaiv.
Raws li, cov tub rog German xav tau lub tshuab rab phom tshiab, thiab nws tau dhau los ua 50-mm Pak 38.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab kawg, tsab ntawv ntawm rab phom no tau tshwm sim xyoo 1938, tab sis cov neeg German tau pom meej meej tsis maj nrawm nrog kev txaus siab loj ntawm cov tub rog nrog rab phom no: xyoo 1939 tsuas yog 2 daim ntawv luam tawm, hauv 1940 - 338 units, thiab qee qhov kev tsim khoom loj tau nthuav tawm xyoo 1941, thaum 2,072 ntawm cov phom no tau tsim. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias Pak 38 tau dhau los ua qhov kev siv phom loj heev. Nws tseem yog lub teeb heev thiab txawb, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws lub thoob txuas mus rau 60 calibers ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce qhov pib tshaj tawm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv-tho qhov projectile mus rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau dua lossis tsawg dua ua tau zoo tiv thaiv T -34 ntawm qhov nruab nrab nrug.
Yog li, xyoo 1942, kev tsim khoom ntawm Pak 38 tau mus txog qhov kawg - 4,480 ntawm cov phom no tau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias "ntev" lub thoob, cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau hauv cov phom no tsis suav tias yog qhov txaus siab. Yog li xyoo 1943, tom qab tsim tawm lwm 2,826 units. lawv tso tawm lawm.
Qhov tseeb, tau kawg, txhawm rau sib ntaus sib tua hauv nruab nrab thiab hnyav Soviet tank, Wehrmacht xav tau rab phom tiv thaiv 75 hli, thiab cov neeg German muaj rab phom no: peb tab tom tham txog nto moo 75 hli PaK-40.
Qhov phom 75-hli tiv thaiv lub tank tau pib tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1938, tab sis ua haujlwm rau nws tsis suav tias yog qhov muaj feem thib, thiab ntawm no yog vim li cas. Rau ntau ntawm peb cov kiv cua ntawm cov tub rog keeb kwm, nws tau ntev dhau los ua daim ntawv zoo los qhuas qhov kev siv phom loj no. Hais txog kev nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej, nws yog qhov tsis ntseeg tias tsim nyog ntawm cov kev zoo siab no. Suffice nws hais tias PaK-40 tau tua phom tiv thaiv phom loj uas hnyav 6, 8 kg nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 792 m / s, thaum peb nto moo 76.2 mm ZiS-3-6.5 kg nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 655 m / sec. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom German tau txawv los ntawm kev tua tau zoo (txawm li cas los xij, ZiS-3 kuj muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj). Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias PaK-40 tseem yog riam phom tiv thaiv zoo heev kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog: nws tso siab rau txhua lub tsheb tiv thaiv Soviet, tshwj tsis yog, tej zaum, ntawm IS-2.
Tab sis tom qab ntawd cov lus nug tshwm sim-yog tias cov neeg German tau tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws uas twb muaj lawm hauv xyoo 1940, tom qab ntawv dab tsi tiv thaiv lawv tam sim ntawd tso lawv 75-mm txuj ci tseem ceeb phom rau ntawm dej? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim heev - rau txhua qhov nws muaj txiaj ntsig, PaK -40 categorically tsis haum rau hauv lub tswvyim blitzkrieg.
Qhov tseeb yog tias nrog txhua qhov nws muaj txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg, PaK-40 tsuas tuaj yeem thauj ntawm mechtyag. Ntxiv mus, kom deb li tus kws sau ntawv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nws, lub tsheb tsuas tuaj yeem txaus rau kev tsav tsheb ntawm txoj kev loj, tab sis thaum rub ntawm txoj kev av lossis txoj kev tawm, yuav tsum muaj tsheb laij teb tshwj xeeb rau PaK-40. Kev txav mus los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua kuj tseem suav tias yog txwv, nws tau kwv yees tias yog tias kev suav tuaj yeem rub rab phom los ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov, tom qab ntawd tsis pub tshaj kaum ob lossis ob metres.
Nws yog qhov nthuav, los ntawm txoj kev, tias ZiS-3, uas muaj qhov sib piv sib xws, tuaj yeem thauj los ntawm txhua hom tsheb, suav nrog cov tsheb uas muaj lub zog qis xws li GAZ-AA, thiab tuaj yeem "dov" los ntawm cov neeg coob. hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua dhau qhov ntev txaus, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv lawv rau kev txhawb nqa ncaj qha ntawm cov chav phom loj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib piv ntxaws ntxaws ntawm ZiS-3 thiab PaK-40 yog dhau qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm kab lus ntawm kab lus no, yog li peb yuav tsis txuas ntxiv ntawm no.
Zoo, rov qab mus rau 75-mm PaK-40, peb nco tias nws yog riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank zoo heev, tab sis nws nyuaj rau cov neeg German "rub" nws nrog lawv mus rau hauv kev rhuav tshem lub tank. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev siv phom loj no tsis muaj ntau qhov kev tawm tsam raws li kev tiv thaiv. Raws li, nws tsis haum rau "blitzkrieg" lub tswv yim txhua lub sijhawm, thiab kom txog thaum Wehrmacht sib tsoo nrog tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj, nws lub zog tau txiav txim siab ntau dhau. Yog li, nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, Wehrmacht tsis xav tias yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv phom loj thiab tsis maj nrawm rau kev lag luam nrog nws cov khoom lag luam.
Tab sis, thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias blitzkrieg tau ua tsis raug hauv USSR thiab txawm tias 50-mm rab phom loj tsuas yog siv tsawg hauv kev tawm tsam T-34 thiab KV, tom qab ntawd thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1941 nws tau txiav txim siab muab PaK sai 40 hauv kev tsim khoom … Kev tsim khoom ntau tau tsim los pib thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1942, thiab txog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo 2 114 ntawm cov phom no tau tsim, thiab xyoo 1943 lawv cov khoom twb dhau los lawm 8 740 units, thiab tom qab ntawd tau nce ntau ntxiv.
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias lwm qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm PaK-40 yog qhov nyuaj ntawm nws cov khoom. Tsis txaus txaus, tab sis PaK-40 tau dhau los ua cov khoom nyuaj heev txawm tias rau kev lag luam German. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1942, thawj 15 rab phom ntawm hom no tau tsim, tab sis kev npaj tsim 150 phom nyob rau ib hlis tsuas yog ua tiav thaum Lub Yim Hli ntawm tib lub xyoo. Tab sis txawm tias qhov no, me me, feem ntau, cov phom raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov tsis muaj mos txwv - qhov nruab nrab, rab phom hauv pab tub rog tas li tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ib rab phom. Cov neeg German txawm tias yuav tsum tsim pab pawg tshwj xeeb "Ulrich" thiab pub lawv nrog lub zog dav tshaj los daws qhov teeb meem "plhaub". Txawm li cas los xij, kev lees paub ntawm PaK-40 mos txwv tau ua tiav tsuas yog xyoo 1943.
Ntxiv rau txhua qhov saum toj no, Cov Neeg German tseem muaj ib rab phom loj 75 mm PaK-41.
Nws yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb heev uas tsim los rau kev tua subcaliber projectiles. Nws lub thoob muaj qhov "sib txawv" caliber - 75 mm ntawm tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab 55 mm ntawm lub qhov ncauj, thiab tau txuas ncaj qha mus rau rab phom. Vim tias tus nqi siab ntawm rab phom thiab cov mos txwv ntau dhau rau nws (hauv kev tsim khoom tom kawg, siv cov tungsten tsawg tshaj plaws), rab phom tsis mus rau hauv cov koob loj. Tab sis tseem, qee qhov nyiaj (tsawg kawg 150 units) tau tsim thiab xa mus rau cov tub rog.
Nov yog qhov uas zaj dab neeg hais txog German rub phom tiv thaiv lub tank tuaj yeem xaus … yog tias tsis yog rau ib qho tseem ceeb "tab sis!" Qhov tseeb yog, qhov txaus siab txaus, Wehrmacht tau muab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tsis yog rau cov chaw tsim khoom hauv German nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem rau cov tub rog Fabkis thiab Soviet.
Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1941, thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, Cov Neeg Germans tau tswj hwm tus lej hauv tsev 76, 2-mm F-22 phom. Cov phom, feem ntau, lawv nyiam, yog li ntawd, tom qab qee qhov kev hloov pauv, uas suav nrog qhov tsis txaus siab rau chav rau siv lub zog loj dua thiab qee qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab, nws tau nkag mus ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog German.
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov phom tau hloov pauv thiab hloov mus rau Wehrmacht hauv qhov hloov pauv tsis paub, tab sis, raws li qee qhov lus ceeb toom, 358 rab phom tau hloov pauv xyoo 1942, 169 xyoo 1943 thiab 33 xyoo 1944.
Tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau kev muab tub rog German nrog tiv thaiv lub tank 75-hli phom xyoo 1942 tseem yog ua los ntawm pab tub rog Fabkis. Tom qab kev swb ntawm Fab Kis, cov neeg German, ntawm lwm qhov khoom plig, tau txais ntau txhiab txhiab 75-mm faib phom. Xyoo 1897 los ntawm Schneider. Thaum xub thawj, Cov Neeg Germans tsis ua dab tsi nrog lawv, tab sis tom qab ntawd, thaum xav tau rab phom tiv thaiv 75-mm tau lees paub zoo, lawv hloov kho cov phom tshiab no los ntawm kev txhim kho lawv ntawm 50-mm Pak 38 lub tsheb.
Xyoo 1942, Wehrmacht tau txais 2 854 rab phom zoo li no, xyoo 1943 - lwm 858 chav nyob. Hloov kho Pak 97/38 thiab 160 rab phom ntxiv ntawm kev hloov kho Pak 97/40. Yog li, xyoo 1942, Fab Kis 75-mm rab phom tau dhau los ua rab phom loj tshaj plaws ntawm rab phom no hauv Wehrmacht tiv thaiv phom loj. Kev faib cov phom Fab Kis hauv cov naj npawb ntawm 75-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau txais los ntawm Cov Tub Rog German nyob rau xyoo 1942 yog ntau dua 52%.
Hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias lub peev xwm ntawm Fab Kis "hloov pauv" tseem tsis txaus los tawm tsam T-34 thiab KV. Thawj qhov nrawm ntawm Pak 97/38 cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom tsis txaus rau qhov no, thiab thaum ntsib cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj, ib tus yuav tsum tau cia siab rau feem ntau ntawm cov mos txwv.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, "Cov poj niam Fab Kis" hauv Wehrmacht zoo heev qhia qhov kev xav ntawm cov tub rog German rau peb T-34 thiab KV. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi niaj hnub no yuav yog keeb kwm hais, nyiam qhov tsis txaus ntawm peb caug plaub-plaub, xyoo 1942 Cov Neeg German pom lawv tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas lawv raug yuam kom muab 75-mm Pak 40 sai rau hauv koob-thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua ua nws Yog li peb yuav tsum ntsaws lub qhov nrog cov neeg coob ntawm Fabkis tau ntes cov phom loj ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19!
Txawm li cas los xij, Cov Neeg German tau ua tiav hauv qhov tseem ceeb-raws li qee qhov chaw, qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb ntawm Pak 40 thiab 88-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv qhov ntim tag nrho ntawm Wehrmacht PTS mus txog 30% thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1942, thiab nws pom tseeb tias tsov ntxhuav txoj kev sib faib ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau uas tau rub tawm yog Fabkis 75- hli Pak 97/38 thiab 50 hli ntev Pak 38.
Self-propelled artillery installation
Cia peb pib, tej zaum, nrog StuG III qub zoo, uas peb hu ua "Sturmgeshütz", "Shtug", thiab feem ntau - "Art -rape". Zaj keeb kwm ntawm rab phom tua tus kheej no yog raws li hauv qab no. Raws li German kev xav txog tub rog, lub tso tsheb hlau luam tau npaj yuav luag tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim tshwj xeeb, uas hauv Wehrmacht tau dhau los ua kev sib cais tank, tsis muaj kev sib tsoo tsheb lossis German cov tub rog tawg rog tau muaj cai rau lawv raws li lub xeev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau pom meej tias hauv kev tawm tsam niaj hnub no cov tub rog xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tsheb ua rog - thiab qhov no yog txoj haujlwm uas cov neeg German tau tso rau lawv "shtugs".
Yog tias feem ntau "nrov" German ua ntej ua tsov rog tau siv riam phom ntau ntawm 37-mm rab phom thiab tsuas yog maj mam hloov mus rau 50 mm, tom qab ntawd ACS tau txais thawj zaug, txawm hais tias luv-barreled, tab sis 75-mm cannons.
Lawv lub foob pob tawg tawg tawg ntau dua muaj zog dua li rab phom tank, thiab lub thoob me me ntev, qhov qis qhov ncauj ua rau nws ua tau kom haum rau hauv ACS raws li T-III yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm chav kawm, 75-mm rab phom loj nrog lub chim ntev ntawm 24 caliber tsis txaus los tawm tsam T-34 thiab KV, ntawm no qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem raug cawm los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke xwb.
Thiab cov naj npawb ntawm cov kev sib tawm tsam tau nce zuj zus thiab loj tuaj, thiab nws tau pom tseeb tias cov tub rog German kev sib cais tsis muaj ib yam tshwj xeeb los tawm tsam rau lub tank Soviet tshiab. Peb tau tham txog kev siv zog ntawm ib feem ntawm cov phom loj rub saum toj no, tab sis qhov no tsis txaus. Thiab txij li thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1942, German "shtugs" tau txais qhov tshiab 75 -mm rab phom loj, qhov sib piv ntawm Pak 40, uas thaum xub thawj muaj lub chim ntev ntawm 43, thiab tom qab ntawd - 48 calibers.
Hauv tag nrho, ntau dua 600 chav nyob tau tsim hauv xyoo 1942, thiab 3,011 chav nyob tau tsim xyoo 1943.
Tank destroyers
Thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Cov tub rog German tau mob siab rau sab hnub tuaj thaum lawv pov tseg kwv yees li 153 Panzerjäger Kuv tiv thaiv lub tank phom tua tus kheej (Panzerjäger I), muaj riam phom 47-hli Czech.
Cov no twb dhau los lawm, feem ntau, cov tshuab uas tuaj yeem tsim qee yam kev hem thawj rau T-34 thiab KV tsuas yog siv cov phom me me. Thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1941, Cov Neeg German tau hloov pauv 174 ntau rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank nrog rab phom qub los ntawm Fab Kis tso tsheb hlau luam, qee qhov kuj tseem nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj.
Tab sis txhua qhov no, los ntawm thiab loj, yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tub rog, tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev sib npaug ntawm cov rog.
Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1942, Cov Neeg German tau rov qab los tsim cov phom tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv lub tank uas twb tau tsim los ntawm qib tshiab uas tsim nyog: noj T-II chassis raws lub hauv paus, lawv tau teeb tsa 75-mm Pak 40 lossis hloov pauv F-22 nws. Qhov SPG no tau hu ua Marder II, thiab xyoo 1942 nws tau tsim tawm 521 units. - qee qhov ntawm lawv tau hloov pauv ncaj qha los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam T-II yav dhau los.
Ua ke nrog Marder II, Cov neeg German tau tsim cov khoom lag luam ntawm Marder III, uas txawv ntawm Marder II tsuas yog nyob rau qhov uas tsis siv lub chassis los ntawm T-II, lub chassis tau coj los ntawm Czech Pz Kpfw 38 (t) lub tank. Cov phom zoo li tus kheej tau tsim xyoo 1942 454 units.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau teeb tsa kev cob qhia rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tus kheej, qee tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau sab laug nyob tom qab, tab sis qhov no tau lees paub tias yog pov tseg ntau dhau, thiab nws tau thov kom tsim cov phom zoo li tus kheej, raws li qee cov cuab yeej raug ntes. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov kev xaiv tau txiav txim siab ntawm Fab Kis taug qab tsheb laij teb - qhov no yog li cas Marder Kuv tau tshwm sim, ntawm qhov uas 170 units tau tsim.
Qhov txaus siab, txawm hais tias "kev qhia" kev qhia ntawm lub tshuab no, lawv tau raug xa mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob. Yog li, peb pom tias xyoo 1942 Cov neeg German tsim 1,145 tus tiv thaiv lub tank phom tua tus kheej nrog rau Pak 40 lossis ntes F-22s-txhua tus ntawm lawv, tau kawg, txaus ntshai rau T-34. Qhov txaus siab, Müller-Hillebrand muab tus lej siab dua me ntsis-1,243 anti-tank SPGs.
Xyoo 1943, kev tsim cov phom tua phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau nce me ntsis: Marder II tau tsim thiab hloov pauv kwv yees li 330 units. Marder III - 1,003 chav nyob
Tso tsheb hlau luam
Xyoo 1942, Cov tub rog German thaum kawg tso tseg qhov tsim ntau ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam. Xyoo 1941, kev tsim ntau ntawm T-II thiab Czech Pz Kpfw 38 (t) tseem tab tom ua; tag nrho ntawm 846 cov tsheb ntawd tau tsim, uas yog yuav luag 28% ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam kab (tsis suav nrog. cov lus txib tso tsheb hlau luam). Xyoo 1942, lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm cov hom no tau tsim tsuas yog 450 lub tsheb, uas yog kwv yees li 11% ntawm kev tsim txhua xyoo ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim cov Pz Kpfw 38 (t) tau tso tseg thaum lub Tsib Hlis, thiab T-II thaum Lub Xya Hli 1942.
Raws li rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab, lawv cov khoom lag luam txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv: T-III tau tsim txog 1.5 npaug, thiab T-IV-2 zaug ntau dua li xyoo 1941. Ntawm qhov ib sab, nws yuav zoo li cov neeg German xyoo 1942 tseem tsom mus rau ntawm T-III, txij li lawv tau tsim 2 605 units. tiv 994 units. T-IV, tab sis qhov tseeb xyoo no tau dhau los ua "nkauj swan" ntawm "treshki". Qhov tseeb yog tias xyoo 1942 Cov Neeg German tau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm T-IV: yog 59 lub tsheb tau tsim thaum Lub Ib Hlis, tom qab ntawd thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis lawv cov khoom yuav luag peb npaug thiab mus txog 155 lub tsheb. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, xyoo 1943 nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv kev tsim khoom ntawm T -III nrog cov tshuab hnyav dua thiab siv tau yooj yim dua - txawm hais tias thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1942 kev tsim cov T -III ntau txog 211 lub tshuab, tab sis thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1943 - tsuas yog 46 lub tshuab, thiab tsuas yog thawj 6 lub hlis xyoo 1943, tsuas yog 215 tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm hom no tau tsim, uas yog, txawm tias tsawg dua 36 lub tsheb hauv ib hlis. Thiab tom qab ntawd "treshki" thaum kawg dov tawm txoj kab sib dhos. Thiab, tau kawg, nws yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg kom nco qab tias xyoo 1942 Cov Neeg German pib tsim lub tank hnyav "Tsov", txawm hais tias lawv tseem tsis tau tswj hwm los tsim lawv cov khoom lag luam hauv qhov ntau - hauv tag nrho, thaum kawg xyoo 1942, 77 " Tigers "tau tsim tawm.
Tau kawg, ntxiv rau qhov kev hloov pauv muaj nuj nqis, kuj tseem muaj kev hloov pauv zoo. Pib xyoo 1940, T-III tau siv riam phom 42-caliber 50 mm, lub peev xwm los tsoo T-34 tau hais ncaj qha. Tab sis txij li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1941, hauv kev hloov kho T-IIIJ1, nws tau txais lub zog loj dua 50-mm rab phom loj nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 60 calibers (sib piv ntawm Pak 38), uas twb tau muab qee lub sijhawm los tsoo T-34 tsis yog ntawm luv luv, tab sis kuj nyob nrug deb.
Yog lawm, kev teeb tsa rab phom no nce lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm "treshka", txawm hais tias, raws li peb tau hais los saum no, Pak 38 lub peev xwm tseem suav tias tsis txaus los tawm tsam T-34.
Qhov txaus siab, txawm hais tias muaj kev hem thawj los ntawm Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam, Cov neeg German tseem raug yuam ntawm T-III kom rov qab mus rau qhov luv-barreled 75-mm KwK 37 cannons nrog lub chim ntev ntawm tsuas yog 24 caliber, xws li tau siv thaum ntxov T -IV and Stug models …. Ntxiv mus, qhov no tau ua tiav thaum Lub Xya Hli-Kaum Hli 1942, thaum 447 T-IIIN tso tsheb hlau luam nrog KwK 37 tau tsim.
Ntawm qhov one tes, qhov rov qab los yuav luag tsis muaj rab phom nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tank zoo li tsis ncaj ncees kiag li. Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias raws li cov kev xav ntawm cov xyoo ntawd, cov tso tsheb hlau luam tseem yuav tsum tsis tau tawm tsam nrog cov tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab txhua qhov xwm txheej, qhov no tsis yog lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam German tau xav tias yuav tsoo los ntawm kev tiv thaiv yeeb ncuab, nkag mus rau qhov kov yeej, rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab ntawm kev taug kev, pab cov tub rog tsav tsheb kaw lub nplhaib ib puag ncig, tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog sim ua kom tawm ntawm ib puag ncig. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub hom phiaj xws li tiv thaiv lub teeb, tub rog, zes tshuab rab phom, cov phom loj, tsheb thiab lwm yam tsheb tsis muaj tub rog tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab raug cai, tab sis yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam. Tab sis hauv kev xav, riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas yog, rub thiab tiv thaiv tus kheej lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv lub tank, yuav tsum tau daws nrog cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Tank duels yuav tsum yog qhov kev zam rau txoj cai.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tawm tsam nyob rau sab hnub tuaj tau pom sai sai tias nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv txoj haujlwm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Soviet lub tank tsuas yog rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub tank. Yog li, Wehrmacht xav tau lub tank, riam phom uas yuav muaj lub zog txaus los tawm tsam lub hom phiaj tsis muaj tub rog thiab tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Qhov zoo tshaj rau lub sijhawm ntawd, 75-mm rab phom loj zoo li Pak 40 yog qhov tsim nyog, uas muaj zog txaus kom nws cov cuab yeej siv phom los tsoo cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv lub tsheb, thiab tawg tawg tawg tawg-tsis muaj lub hom phiaj.
Tab sis Pak 40 categorically "tsis xav" nkag mus rau hauv T-III, txawm hais tias muaj kev sim los teeb tsa nws ntawm "daim ntawv peb-ruble". Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov neeg German yuav tsum mus rau qhov paub zoo txog kev coj ua ob tog. Feem ntau ntawm T-III tso tsheb hlau luam tau nruab nrog 50-mm ntev-rab phom loj, muaj peev xwm (txawm hais tias txhua lub sijhawm) ntawm kev sib ntaus T-34, tab sis nws lub foob pob tawg tawg tawg tawg tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los yeej lwm lub hom phiaj. Lwm qhov "treshki" tau txais "luv-barreled" KwK 37, uas tsis tsim nyog rau kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub tank, tab sis zoo dua "ua haujlwm" rau seem ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm rab phom tank.
T-IV yog qhov teeb meem sib txawv. Lub tsheb sib ntaus no hnyav dua thiab dav dua li T-III, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce 75 mm Pak 40 rau nws. Thawj thawj zaug, lub zog loj dua 75 mm KwK 40 L / 43 rab phom (qhov sib piv ntawm Pak 40 nrog lub thoob luv rau 43 calibers) tau siv ntawm T-IVF2 kev hloov kho (lossis Pz Kpfw IV Ausf F2, yog tias koj nyiam), kev tsim khoom uas tau pib thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1942.
Thaum xub thawj, T-IV tau siv riam phom luv luv-75 mm mm KwK 37, thiab mus txog rau Lub Ob Hlis 1942 suav nrog, "Quartet" tau tsim nrog tsuas yog cov phom loj. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis-Plaub Hlis, kev hloov kho nrog "luv" KwK 37 thiab "ntev" KwK 40 L / 43 tau tsim ua ke, thiab txij lub Tsib Hlis ntawm tib lub xyoo, German cov chaw tsim khoom thaum kawg hloov mus rau kev tsim khoom "ntev-barreled" kev hloov kho ntawm T-IV os. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tawm ntawm 994 tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm hom no, tsim xyoo 1942, 124 tau txais 37 KwK thiab 870 units. ntev-barreled KwK 40 L / 43.
Peb yuav tsis tham txog Tiger tso tsheb hlau luam tsis tau - qhov tseeb, lub tank hnyav no tau pib tshaj tawm txog kev tawm tsam lub tank, hauv qhov no nws lub peev xwm tau zoo heev, thiab muaj tshaj li lub tank hauv ntiaj teb.
Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem hais tias xyoo 1942 qhov peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Wehrmacht thiab SS tau hloov pauv qhov tsim nyog. Txog thaum kawg xyoo 1942-pib xyoo 1943, vim kev siv zog ntawm cov kws tsim khoom lag luam thiab kev siv dav tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tsov rog, cov neeg German tau tswj hwm kom rov nqa lawv cov phom thiab tus kheej tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub tank phom loj thiab cov phom uas siv rau tus kheej. muaj peev xwm tawm tsam T-34 thiab KV. Tib yam muaj tseeb rau Panzerwaffe. Thaum pib xyoo 1942, cov phom loj ntawm lub tank yog 50-mm KwK 38 L / 42 nrog rau 42-caliber chim thiab 75-mm KwK 37 nrog 24-caliber chim, lub peev xwm uas tau txhob txwm ua me me rau kev daws teeb meem anti-cannon-armored tso tsheb hlau luam. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kawg xyoo 1942, lub hauv paus ntawm German lub zog tub rog twb tau tsim los ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus nrog rab phom ntev 50-mm KwK 39 L / 60 thiab zoo heev 75-mm KwK 40 L / 43 rab phom loj.
Yog li, peb yuav tsum hais qhov tseeb - los ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet lub tank rog, ob qho tib si hauv kev paub thiab hauv kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa, tau los ze rau German "Panzerwaffe", Cov neeg German tswj kom tsis pub T -34 ntawm ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Pib txij thaum xaus xyoo 1942 - pib xyoo 1943. "Peb caug-plaub" tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog lub tank nrog cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj.
