Kev sib tsoo nrog cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab tshaj plaws hauv Soviet yuam cov neeg German hloov kho lawv cov phiaj xwm tsim kho lub tank. Raws li koj paub, lub tank loj tshaj plaws uas Wehrmacht muaj thaum pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II yog T-IV hloov kho F (tsis txhob xav tsis meej nrog F2!) Nyhav tsuas yog 22.3 tons, thiab cov neeg German ntseeg tiag ntseeg tias lub tsheb sib ntaus ntawm qhov hnyav no yuav txaus rau lawv. txaus. T-III thiab T-IV haum txig rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm blitzkrieg, raws li cov kws tshaj lij German tau nkag siab nws, thiab tom kawg tsis nrhiav ntxiv. Tau kawg, kev txhim kho tseem tsis tau sawv tseem, thiab tus tsim qauv German los ntawm Daimler-Benz, Krupp thiab MAN tau ua haujlwm ntawm lub tank nruab nrab tshiab, tab sis nws qhov hnyav yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20 tons.
Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, cov tub rog tsis xav tau lub tank hnyav dua los txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab qhov kev tiv thaiv, tab sis tsis xav tias yuav tsum tau ntau rau nws. Qhov tom kawg tau hais tawm ob qho tib si thaum tsis muaj qhov ua haujlwm paub tab me ntsis, thiab qhov tseeb tias tsis muaj leej twg xav tau qhov txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab. E. Aders - lub sijhawm ntawd yog ib tus thawj coj German tsim cov khoom siv tank ntawm lub tuam txhab "Henschel", ua haujlwm ntawm 30 -tuj "kev rhuav tshem lub tank" thaum ntxov li xyoo 1937, tab sis xyoo 1941 lub tank no nyob deb deb ntawm qhov ua tiav. Qhov tseeb, tsuas muaj ob qhov qauv uas tsis muaj lawv tus kheej lub turret, txawm hais tias ib qho ntawm lawv tseem tau nruab nrog T-IV turret. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm "lub tank hnyav" tsis tshaj 50 hli.
T-34 thiab KV, rau txhua qhov lawv ua tsis tau, yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg heev rau cov tub rog German. Nws tau pom tseeb tias qhov pom tau zoo thiab ergonomics tseem tsis tuaj yeem them nyiaj tag nrho rau cov cuab yeej tsis muaj zog thiab cov cuab yeej ua rog ntawm "triplets" thiab "plaub". Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev ua haujlwm ntawm "20-tuj" thiab "30-tuj" tso tsheb hlau luam raug txwv, thiab cov haujlwm tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kws tsim qauv German-hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws rau cov tuam txhab "Henschel" thiab "Porsche" "yuav tsum tsim lub tank hnyav uas hnyav txog 45 tons, thiab" Daimler-Benz "thiab MAN tau txais kev txiav txim rau lub tank nruab nrab uas hnyav 35 tons. tsim qee lub sijhawm. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv rau koj mloog yog lub tank nruab nrab, tsim cov haujlwm uas tau codenamed "Panther".
Nws puas yog qhov sib piv Panther nrog T-34?
Qhov tseeb yog lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tsim raws li txoj haujlwm "Panther", raws li lub tswv yim pib ntawm Wehrmacht kev coj noj coj ua, yuav tsum daws cov haujlwm qub uas tau muab rau "peb caug-plaub" hauv Cov Tub Rog Liab. Hauv lwm lo lus, ua ntej lub rooj sib tham nrog T-34, cov tub rog German ua tub rog siv lawv lub tank sib faib T-III thiab T-IV thiab zoo siab heev nrog lawv. Lub tswv yim German yog blitzkrieg, uas tau muab rau kev puas tsuaj sai sai ntawm cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog los ntawm kev txiav nws thiab ncig cov tub rog loj, ua raws li kev yuam kom tom kawg kom swb. Txog qhov no, pab tub rog German xav tau cov tub rog txawb uas muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua tsov rog hauv xov tooj, thiab kev sib sib zog nqus ua haujlwm tom qab cov yeeb ncuab kab. Feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog no yog kev sib cais ntawm lub tank, thiab kom txog thaum kev ntxeem tau ntawm USSR, lawv cov tso tsheb hlau luam, "troikas" thiab "plaub", tau daws tau zoo heev daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov haujlwm uas ntsib lawv.
Tab sis qhov pom ntawm lub tank nrog 76, 2-mm rab phom thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, uas tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm tus qauv 37-mm tiv thaiv lub tank "ntaus", uas txawm tias 50-mm cov phom loj tshuab los ntawm lub sijhawm thib ob mus rau zaum peb, lub peev xwm ntawm T-III thiab T-IV tsis txaus. Cov neeg German tau muaj lub sijhawm los paub lawv tus kheej nrog T-34 ob qho tib si hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis sib ntaus, txij li muaj ntau tus "peb caug-plaub" tuaj rau lawv ib yam nkaus lossis tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg. Yog li, cov neeg German muaj peev xwm kawm tau zoo txog kev tsim ntawm T-34, saib ob qhov ua tau zoo thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm lub tank no ntawm peb. Thiab, uas tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob hlo li, lawv xav tau lub tank uas yuav sib xyaw ua ke qhov zoo ntawm Soviet thiab German nruab nrab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsheb, yam tsis muaj lawv qhov ua tsis tau zoo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, lawv xav tau lub tank nruab nrab nrog rab phom loj 75-mm, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsis zoo dua li ntawm T-34 (uas yog, tiv thaiv cov phom loj los ntawm cov qauv ntawm 1941), ntxiv rau qhov dav dav thiab ua haujlwm sab hauv rau tsib tus neeg ua haujlwm. Thiab nrog qhov pom zoo, tau kawg.
Artillery
Nyob zoo M. B. Baryatinsky, hauv nws phau ntawv "Panther, Panzerwaffe Steel Cat," taw tes rau 75-mm rab phom loj uas tau txiav txim los ntawm Wehrmacht los ntawm Rheinmetall, muaj peev xwm nkag tau 140 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nyob deb li ib kilometers, thiab nws yog qhov zoo li riam phom. qhov kawg tau teeb tsa ntawm "Panther".
Xyoo 1941, qhov xwm txheej nrog 75-hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank hauv Tebchaws Yelemees yog raws li hauv qab no: xyoo 1938-39. "Rheinmetall" thiab "Krupp" tau txais cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thiab xaj kom tsim cov phiaj xwm cog qoob loo 75-hli. Thiab lawv tsis tau nrawm nrog lawv cov kev tsim, txij li xyoo 1940 nyob rau tib qho "Rheinmetall" tau npaj tsuas yog cov phom uas tsis tau tua, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tau lees paub tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau hloov mus rau hauv qhov kev siv phom loj tag nrho tsuas yog xyoo 1942-peb tab tom tham, ntawm chav kawm, txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws German Pak 40, tab sis rau txhua qhov nws muaj txiaj ntsig, nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 140-mm armor ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1000 m. Txawm tias muaj lub foob pob hluav taws me me. Yog li ntawd, thaum Lub Xya Hli 1941, cov thawj coj ntawm Wehrmacht tuaj txog qhov xaus tias txawm tias qhov kev cog lus no, tab sis tseem tsis tau tsim riam phom tsis zoo txaus rau lub tank nruab nrab tshiab tshaj plaws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub tank sib piv ntawm qhov rub 40 Pak-KwK 40 nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 43 thiab 48 calibers, tau txais German tus kheej rab phom thiab T-IV, thiab rau "Panther" tau ua rau lub zog siv tshuab rab phom loj KwK 42.
KwK 40 L48 (uas yog, nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 48 calibers) muab 6, 8 kg ntawm qhov projectile pib ua ntej ntawm 790 m / s, thiab qhov no yog ntau, ntau ntau dua li niaj zaus "peb-nti": rau Piv txwv li, F -34 hauv tsev, uas tau ua tub rog nrog T -34, tshaj tawm 6, 3 kg. projectile tsuas yog 655 m / s. Tab sis ntev-barreled KwK 42 L70 xa qhov projectile ntawm 6, 8 kg ya ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 925 m / s! Raws li qhov tshwm sim, raws li cov txiaj ntsig tab, KwK 40 ntawm qhov deb ntawm ib mais kev hla 85 mm nrog rab riam phom -rab phom loj thiab 95 hli nrog APCR projectile, thaum KwK 42 - 111 thiab 149 mm, feem! Kev txiav txim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thoob plaws, KwK 42 tau zoo tshaj hauv cov cuab yeej nkag mus txawm tias 88-mm rab phom ntawm Tsov lub tank nyob deb li ntawm 2 km, qhov uas muaj peev xwm ntawm lawv lub plhaub yog kwv yees li sib npaug 75-mm "Panther"), hauv lwm qhov cov peev txheej koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab 2,500 m.
Tus kws sau ntawv twb tau sau lawm tias rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag, nws tsis ntau npaum li cas tabular cov cuab yeej nkag mus uas tseem ceeb raws li thaj tsam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha. Thiab, txawm hais tias tus sau tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia tseeb ntawm KwK 42, nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias hauv qhov ntsuas no, ib yam nkaus, nws tau zoo dua rau KwK 40 thiab hauv tsev 76, 2-mm cov phom loj.
Kev tshwj tseg
Hauv peb lub hlis dhau los ntawm ib puas xyoo, yog tias tsis ntau, T-34 txoj kev xaj khoom tau dhau los ua kev thuam. Hauv USSR, cov laj thawj uas xav tau ntawm kev nyiam ntawm daim hlau thaiv daim hlau tau suav tias yog cov txiaj ntsig yam tsis muaj kev txwv thiab qhov zoo ntawm "peb caug-plaub", tab sis tom qab ntawd ntau qhov kev thov tau tshwm sim. Ntawm qhov ntawd, piv txwv li, tau muaj kev thov tias qhov nqes hav ntawm cov cuab yeej, tau kawg, tuaj yeem muab cov phom mos txwv los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, tab sis tsuas yog tias lub peev xwm ntawm cov mos txwv no tsis ntau dua li cov tuab ntawm cov phom phom. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm no, qhov muaj feem kaum ntawm 40-45 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rau T-34 mod. 1940 twb poob lawv lub ntsiab lus hauv kev sib cav nrog rab phom 50-mm, tsis hais txog 75-mm.
Tej zaum, tau kawg, nws yog li ntawd, tab sis kev xav ntawm cov neeg German ntawm qhov teeb meem no yog qhov nthuav. Muaj lub sijhawm los ntseeg ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm T-34 cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv los ntawm lawv tus kheej kev paub thiab paub zoo kawg nkaus tias Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab tau siv riam phom 76, 2-mm, rau lawv lub tank cog lus tias lawv txiav txim siab tiv thaiv txaus los ntawm 40 hli daim hlau tiv thaiv daim hlau nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev xav.
Tom qab ntawd, thaum tsim lub tank, kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau nce, tab sis li cas? Xav txog kev teev npe ntawm "Panther" hauv kev sib piv nrog T-34 mod. 1940g ua.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, Panther lub hauv pliaj tau tiv thaiv zoo dua. Pem hauv ntej (sab saum toj) 85 hli tuab thiab nyob ntawm kaum ntawm 55 degrees. Nws sawv cev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tsis tau tiv thaiv Soviet rab phom loj ntawm 76, 2-mm thiab qis dua qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov tsim nyog nrug. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog qhov qis dua ib sab tiv thaiv, uas muaj tib lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev nyiam, tab sis tsawg dua - 65 hli. Hauv T -34, cov ces kaum ntawm sab saud thiab qis dua yog kwv yees tib yam - 60 thiab 53 degrees, tab sis lawv cov tuab tsuas yog 45 hli. Lub turret pem hauv ntej ntawm Panther yog 100 mm, thiab daim npog ntsej muag phom yog txawm tias 110 mm, thaum T-34 tsuas muaj 40-45 mm xwb.
Lwm qhov kom zoo dua ntawm lub tank German yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hauv qab. Yog tias rau T -34 nws yog 16 mm hauv lub qhov ntswg thiab 13 mm ntxiv, tom qab ntawd rau "Panther" - feem 30 thiab 17 mm. Pom tseeb, qhov no tau txhim kho me ntsis tiv thaiv kuv, txawm hais tias nyuaj npaum li cas los hais.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txaus txaus, ob sab thiab cov leeg ntawm Panther tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tsawg dua li ntawm T-34. Yog tias peb saib daim duab los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab, peb pom tias tuab ntawm ib sab ntawm lub turret ntawm lub tank German yog 45 mm, daim ntawv hull hollow ntawv yog 40 mm thiab daim ntawv hull ntsug yog 40 mm, thaum T- 34 muaj cov tuab tuab sib xws ntawm 45, 40 thiab 45 hli. Nws zoo li qhov ua tau zoo yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb, tab sis cov ces kaum ntawm kev nyiam ntawm Panther cov ris tsho hnav tsis muaj qhov xav tau - 25 degrees. rau daim hlau thaiv ntawm cov pej thuam thiab 30 degrees. rau lub nkoj, thaum T-34 muaj 30 thiab 40 degrees. feem. Ib qho ntxiv, hauv T-34 ntawm kev tso tawm tom qab (tib lub hnub nyoog zoo li Panther), daim phiaj thaiv npog ntawm lub hull sab tau txhawb ntxiv txog 45 hli. Raws li rau lub zog ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm "kev tsaus ntuj Aryan ntse", muaj "Panther" tau tiv thaiv los ntawm 40 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30 degrees, thiab T-34-40 mm armor ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 42-48 degrees.
Cav, kis tau tus mob, chassis
Nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm yav tom ntej "Panther" 2 txoj hauv kev sib tsoo - "Daimler -Benz" "saws" Soviet cov phiaj xwm, raws li ob lub cav thiab kev sib kis tau nyob hauv qab lub tank, nrog lub log tsheb tom qab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tus kws tshaj lij txiv neej tau thov kom tso tus qauv German ib txwm muaj: lub cav tau nyob hauv lub hauv paus, thiab lub iav thiab lwm yam tau nyob hauv lub qhov ntswg, nrog lub log pem hauv ntej yog tus coj.
Kev sib cav ntawm kev xav coj mus rau kev tsim ntawm qhov hu ua "Panther Commission", uas tau xaus tias cov txheej txheem German ib txwm muaj, txawm hais tias nyuaj dua, tseem zoo dua.
Raws li rau lub cav, "Daimlerians" tau teeb tsa lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm lawv tus kheej tsim ntawm lub tank, tab sis lub cav roj av tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau Tebchaws Yelemees. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, rau qhov laj thawj uas feem ntau ntawm cov roj diesel tau nqus los ntawm Kriegsmarine submarines, thiab yog li ntawd muaj qhov tsis ncaj ncees. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Panther tau txais 700-muaj zog Maybach.
Feem ntau, kev tswj hwm ntawm "Panther" tom qab kev tshem tawm ntawm cov kab mob thaum yau uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tau yooj yim thiab xis nyob rau tus tsav tsheb. Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias T-34 mod. Xyoo 1943 muaj qee qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb nrog qhov no.
Cov khoom zoo tuaj ntawm tus nqi
Yog li, tus kws tsim qauv German tau ua txoj haujlwm loj ntawm qhov ua yuam kev thiab tsim cov txuj ci tiag tiag uas suav nrog qhov zoo ntawm German thiab Soviet cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev tsim lub tank.
Ntawm qhov deb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha, "Panther" tsoo T-34 hauv ib qho kev kwv yees, thaum nws kev tiv thaiv hauv pliaj tsis tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm ib qho Soviet 76, 2-mm phom, uas yog, lawv tsim lub hauv paus ntawm Red Cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank tiv thaiv kab ke. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ob sab thiab nraub qaum ntawm "Panther" tiv thaiv me ntsis phem dua li "peb caug-plaub". Cov neeg German tau tswj hwm los ua ke cov laj thawj uas xav tau ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nrog cov dav dav sib ntaus sib tua, yooj yim rau tsib tus neeg ua haujlwm pab pawg: tau kawg, zoo heev German optics kuj tseem muaj. Tsis yog tias ntawm no T-34 tsis zoo ib yam rau Panther, peb qhov kev pom zoo heev, tab sis cov neeg German tseem zoo dua.
Tab sis qhov hnyav ntawm qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab nce mus txog 44.8 tons, vim qhov uas nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog Panther ua lub tank nruab nrab, uas, qhov tseeb, yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Panther txoj haujlwm. Hauv kev mob siab los tsim lub tank nruab nrab zoo tshaj plaws, Tus tsim qauv German tau hloov nws mus rau qhov hnyav. Qhov ntawd, qhov tseeb, yog qhov laj thawj rau ntau qhov tsis txaus ntawm "panzerwaffe cat".
Thawj ntawm lawv yog qhov siab loj, mus txog 2,995 mm.
Qhov tseeb yog tias nrog cov txheej txheem German, cov hlua khi thiab lub tog raj kheej tau muab tso nruab nrab ntawm hauv qab ntawm lub tank thiab hauv pem teb ntawm chav sib ntaus, uas tsis xav tau rau T-34, uas muaj ob lub cav thiab kis tau tus mob. hauv qab. Hauv lwm lo lus, Cov neeg German yuav tsum, raws li nws yog, nce qhov sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov khoom siv, suav nrog roj thiab mos txwv saum toj no hauv qab ntawm lub tank, txhawm rau ua kom muaj chaw rau lub torsion bar thiab tus ncej, thiab qhov no, ib txwm, ua lub tank German siab dua. Ntawm qhov one tes, nws tsis zoo li qhov teeb meem loj, qhov siab ntawm lub tank. Tab sis qhov no yog tias peb tsis nco qab tias qhov ntau ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha ntawm ib qho riam phom twg yog qhov ntau dua, nws lub hom phiaj siab dua.
Qhov tsis zoo thib ob yog "chess" cov iav khiav, uas dhau los ua qhov foom tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg tso tsheb hlau luam German.
Cov neeg German tau tsim nws txhawm rau txhawm rau muab lub tank hnyav nrog kev ua kom zoo, thiab lawv ua tiav qhov no. Tab sis xws li lub chassis, uas suav nrog ntau lub chais, hnyav heev, hnyav dua li ib txwm, thiab ntxiv rau, tsis yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, vim tias txhawm rau nkag mus rau tom qab kab ntawm cov menyuam, lub hauv ntej yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Txhawm rau kom meej dua, txhawm rau tshem tawm tsuas yog ib tus menyuam ntawm kab sab hauv, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm los ntawm ib feem peb mus rau ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam ntawm kab sab nraud. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ib qho piv txwv uas mus los ntawm ib qho kev tshaj tawm mus rau lwm qhov yog ib qho piv txwv canonical: hais txog yuav ua li cas cov av nkos thiab daus uas tau txhaws thaum lub zog txav ntawm Panther ntawm cov menyuam thaum hmo ntuj khov mus li qhov uas lawv thaiv qhov kev sib hloov ntawm cov menyuam, uas ua rau lub tank poob nws lub peev xwm txav mus los.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias Soviet thiab Asmeskas cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm qhov hnyav sib piv - IS -2 (46 tons) thiab M26 Pershing tau plam qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab no thiab, txawm li cas los xij, daws tau zoo heev nrog lawv cov haujlwm. Yog lawm, kev txav mus los ntawm Panther tej zaum yuav du dua li cov tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig dab tsi hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem muab qhov no? Tam sim no, yog tias tus kws tsim qauv German muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb uas nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua rau lub hom phiaj tua hluav taws - tom qab ntawd yog, qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias "qhov kev ua si muaj nqis tswm ciab." Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj ib yam zoo li tshwm sim - zoo li lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm kev tawm tsam Hitler koom ua ke, "Panther" tuaj yeem tua kom raug (uas yog, tsis yog tua nkaus xwb, tab sis tseem tsoo) tsuas yog los ntawm qhov chaw. Feem ntau, kev txav ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam German, ob qho tib si "Panther" thiab "Tiger", tau yuav ntawm tus nqi siab dhau - nws tau hais meej tias tsis tsim nyog nws. Thiab qhov kev paub dhau los ntawm kev ua tsov rog ntawm lub tank tau lees paub qhov no nrog txhua qhov pov thawj - txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lub chassis ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam tau kawm zoo heev, "phiaj xwm" chess tsis tau txais kev faib ntxiv.
Qhov tsis zoo thib peb ntawm lub tank yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau ntawm kev sib kis hauv thaj chaw. Raws li tau hais los saud, Cov neeg German txhob txwm ua rau qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm kev tsim los ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, thiab Panther qhov kev xa tawm tau zoo - thaum nws ua haujlwm. Tab sis sai li sai tau thaum nws tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, vim kev tawm tsam puas tsuaj, lossis vim kev puas tsuaj sab hauv, lub tank xav tau kho lub Hoobkas. Sim kho lub Panther hauv qhov chaw yog ua tau … tab sis nyuaj heev.
Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, qhov tsis zoo ntawm "Panther" yog thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem nws tig los ntawm nruab nrab mus rau lub tank hnyav."Vim li cas qhov teeb meem no thiaj li tseem ceeb?" - Tus nyeem tuaj yeem nug: "Niaj hnub nimno cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb muaj ntau dua 40 thiab 50 tons, tab sis tib lub tsev T -90 hnyav 46.5 tons thiab zoo heev!"
Qhov no yog li ntawd, tab sis qhov teeb meem yog tias qib tam sim no ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev lag luam txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov uas tau muaj thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Thiab thawj lo lus teb rau lo lus nug yog vim li cas lub tank hnyav ntawm Great Patriotic War lub sijhawm tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb nyob hauv qhov txwv ntawm nws cov peev txheej peev txheej.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws zoo li tsis ncaj ncees rau qhov thuam "Panther" nrog rau kev xa tawm mus, vim tias hauv paus ntsiab lus nws tau zoo heev: qee "Panthers", raws li cov lus pov thawj ntawm German tankers, tswj kom kov yeej txog li 1,800 km ntawm lawv tus kheej, yam tsis xav tau kev kho loj … Tab sis qhov no tseem yog qhov kev zam, uas tsuas yog lees paub txoj cai tias ob lub cav thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub tank raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau "kab mob thaum yau", tshem tawm uas coj cov neeg German txog ib xyoos. Thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj rau kho nrog nws qhov kev paub zoo capriciousness pom tseeb ua rau qhov tseeb tias Panther, qhov tseem ceeb, tau dhau los ua lub tank tsis haum rau kev ua tsov rog mobile, rau kev sib tsoo tank sib sib zog nqus.
Qhov teeb meem thib ob ntawm lub tank hnyav, uas lawv tau sim yuam kom ua si hauv "pawg hnyav" tsis xws luag, yog lub tank hnyav, loj dua, nyuaj dua thiab kim dua li qhov nruab nrab, ua ntej hauv xyoo ntawd tsis tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom txaus lub tank sib cais nrog lawv. … Qhov no muaj tseeb rau txhua lub tebchaws, suav nrog, tau kawg, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees.
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias "Panther" tau xeeb tub los ua lub tank tseem ceeb, uas yuav tsum tau hloov lub T-III thiab T-IV hauv lub tank ntawm Wehrmacht. Tab sis qhov nyuaj thiab tus nqi siab tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias, txawm tias qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm "Panthers" tau koom nrog cov chaw tsim khoom ntau li 4 lub tuam txhab (MAN, Daimler-Benz, MNH thiab Henschel), nws tsis muaj peev xwm muab tau txaus tus naj npawb ntawm lawv. Thiab Heinz Guderian, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau ua tus thawj saib xyuas ntawm Wehrmacht lub tank rog, tom qab sab laj nrog Minister of Armaments A. Speer, yuav tsum tau txo nws txoj kev nyiam: tsuas yog ib pab tub rog ntawm txhua lub tank tso tsheb hlau luam yuav tsum tau nruab nrog Panthers. Tau kawg, cov phiaj xwm no kuj tau raug kho dua.
Hauv tag nrho, txij Lub Ob Hlis 1943 txog Lub Ob Hlis 1945 suav nrog, cov neeg German, raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Müller-Hillebrand tau tsim 5,629 Panthers, tsis suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv raws nws. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias cov ntaub ntawv no tsis raug kiag li, tab sis txawm li cas los xij. Tab sis T-IV nyob rau tib lub sijhawm tau tsim 7,471 units. "Triple", tso tawm uas tau txwv - 714 units. Yog li, hauv lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, tag nrho ntawm 13 814 "Panthers" thiab "peb rubles" nrog "plaub" tau tsim, uas hauv kev xav nws yuav tsum tau hloov pauv, thiab nws hloov tawm tias "Panthers" tau tsim tsuas yog me ntsis ntau dua 40 % ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm peb lub tsheb no txij thaum pib tsim "Panther".
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tag nrho kev tsim T-34-76 thiab T-34-85 muaj txog 31,804 lub tsheb.
Yog li, "Panthers", ntawm qhov one tes, tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub tank nruab nrab hauv txhua txoj kev - lawv yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem tsim tawm hauv qhov ntau yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov no. Tab sis raws li lub tank hnyav, lawv kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Thawj yog, ntawm chav kawm, booking. Xyoo 1942-43. Cov neeg German tau pib tsim kho lub tank hnyav nrog cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj-peb yog, tau kawg, tham txog "Tsov", uas, ua tsaug rau 80-100 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub hauv ntej thiab ob sab ntawm lub tank, yog tsis yooj yim rau kev tiv thaiv lub tank thiab cov foob pob hluav taws hauv thaj av. "Tsov" tuaj yeem ua tau zoo los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab: nws tuaj yeem raug nres, xiam oob qhab, los ntawm kev cuam tshuam, hais tias, kab ntsig, tab sis nws nyuaj heev uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev rau nws. Tias yog vim li cas, raws li qee qhov lus ceeb toom, ntawm Kursk Bulge, txhua "Tsov" tau tsoo qhov nruab nrab 1, 9 zaug - tab sis tom qab ntawd, tau txais kev kho vaj tse, nws tau rov qab los ua haujlwm.
Tab sis "Panther" tsis tuaj yeem khav txog qhov zoo li no-kev tiv thaiv ntawm nws ob sab sib raug raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub tank nruab nrab, xyoo 1943 nws, tau kawg, tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev tiv thaiv phom loj. Thiab thaum lub sijhawm dhau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv Soviet, uas tau tsim nrog "focal" tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm ua hluav taws hla ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam nce qib los ntawm ntau txoj haujlwm, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, tig mus rau txhua tus ntawm lawv nrog nws yuav luag tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau. frontal projection. Hauv lwm lo lus, txhua lwm yam sib npaug, "Panthers" hauv kev rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv yuav raug kev txom nyem ntau dua li "Tsov".
Qhov thib ob, qhov no yog rab phom loj-txawm hais tias 75-mm KwK 42 txaus txaus rau kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub tank, tab sis kom swb tag nrho cov hom phiaj uas lub tank hnyav yuav tsum sib ntaus, nws tsis muaj ntxiv lawm. Thiab hais txog kev nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg German, nws zoo li tau raug tsim txom los ntawm kev tsis ntseeg.
Tias yog vim li cas, raws li kev qhia ntxiv ntawm Panther txoj kev txhim kho, twb pib thaum xyoo 1943, lawv tau pom qhov nce ntawm qhov tuab ntawm cov cuab yeej ib sab mus rau 60 mm thiab kev teeb tsa txawm tias muaj zog dua 88-mm rab phom KwK43 L / 71 (Txoj haujlwm Panther II) dua li Tsov.
Feem ntau, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem hais txog "Panther" - Kev tsim tub rog German xav tias tsim lub tank coj txawv txawv heev. Loj heev thiab nyuaj dhau los ua lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cais tank, dhau mus rau "kev ua haujlwm tob", tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txaus txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab, thaum txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rhuav tshem txhua lub tsheb tiv thaiv ntawm USSR thiab cov phooj ywg.
Thiab ntawm no, hauv kev xav ntawm tus sau tsab xov xwm no, yog lus zais ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm "Panthers". Yog tias peb tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev siv cov tso tsheb hlau luam no, ua los ntawm peb cov kws tshaj lij thaum xyoo ua rog, peb yuav pom tias:
"Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv tso tsheb hlau luam" Panther "muaj cov hauv qab no:
a) tso tsheb hlau luam tau siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua feem ntau ntawm txoj kev lossis hauv cheeb tsam ntawm txoj kev;
b) tso tsheb hlau luam "Panther" tsis siv sib cais, tab sis raws li txoj cai lawv tau pab los ntawm pab pawg ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab T-III thiab T-IV;
c) tso tsheb hlau luam "Panther" qhib qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm qhov deb, siv lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev siv phom loj, sim tiv thaiv peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam kom ze;
d) thaum tawm tsam, "panthers" txav mus rau hauv ib qho kev qhia, yam tsis hloov pauv, sim siv lawv cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej;
e) thaum lub sij hawm tiv thaiv, lub "Panther" tso tsheb hlau luam ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua phem;
f) thaum "Panthers" thim rov mus rau qhov chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv thim rov qab, sim tsis txhob nthuav tawm ob sab rau cov phom loj."
Hauv lwm lo lus, cov neeg German, siv Panthers hauv kev tawm tsam tsis yog tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis raws li kev siv phom loj rau tus kheej, cov haujlwm uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm ib txwm "troikas" thiab "plaub". Thiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv, Panthers yog rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank zoo heev: paub txog kev taw qhia ntawm kev tawm tsam tseem ceeb, cov neeg German tuaj yeem npaj ib txwm thiab ntsib peb ntawm kev npaj ua ntej, "taub hau", tua lawv los ntawm qhov deb, tiv thaiv lawv ntawm flanking rau kev tawm tsam.
Hauv lwm lo lus, "Panthers", rau ntau qhov laj thawj saum toj no, tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm niaj hnub nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd kev ua tsov rog mobile, lub tswv yim thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua haujlwm tob. Tab sis tam sim no thaum Wehrmacht pib tau txais lawv hauv qee qhov ntau, tsis muaj kev tham ntxiv txog kev ua haujlwm sib sib zog nqus - tom qab Kursk Bulge, qhov Panthers tau nthuav tawm, Wehrmacht thaum kawg thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nws lub tswv yim pib thiab tuaj yeem tsuas yog tiv thaiv nws tus kheej nkaus xwb. Lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj teeb meem ntawm kev tiv thaiv txawb ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab rau nws, Panther tau dhau los ua yuav luag yog lub tank zoo tshaj plaws. Nyuaj thiab nyuaj, tab sis tseem tsis ntau npaum li "Tsov", uas txhais tau tias nws tau tsim tawm hauv qhov ntau qhov pom tau, nrog kev pom zoo txav mus los zoo dua li "Tsov", nrog kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws pem hauv ntej, nrog cov cuab yeej zoo nkag mus. Cov phom loj 75-hli, "Panther" hauv nws cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv phom tua phom rau tus kheej-lub xov tooj txawb tshwj tseg rau cov tub rog tiv thaiv.
Hauv lwm lo lus, Panther yuav luag yog lub tank zoo tshaj plaws … rau pab tub rog poob kev ua tsov rog.
