Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada

Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada
Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada

Video: Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada

Video: Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada
Video: 6 июня 1944 г., день «Д», операция «Оверлорд» | Раскрашенный 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim
Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada
Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada

Pua pua txhiab txhiab square kilometers ntawm thaj av hav zoov raug hlawv tawm ntawm peb ntiaj chaw txhua xyoo. Cov hluav taws hauv hav zoov ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev. Ntxiv rau kev ua phem rau ib puag ncig, ntoo ntoo, tsiaj txhu, thiab feem ntau tib neeg tuag hauv qhov hluav taws. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov hluav taws kub kom raws sijhawm thiab tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm hluav taws hla thaj chaw dav, tshwj xeeb kev pabcuam tua hluav taws hauv dav hlau tau tsim hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Txij li cov hav zoov feem ntau nyob hauv thaj tsam loj, cov dav hlau tua hluav taws tau siv rau kev tshawb nrhiav hluav taws thiab ua haujlwm hauv zos tau ntau xyoo lawm. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm dav tshaj plaws - los ntawm kev tshawb pom qhov chaw tua hluav taws thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws mus rau cov kev pabcuam hauv av kom ua tiav kev tshem tawm hluav taws hauv hav zoov.

Thawj qhov kev sim tiv thaiv cov hluav taws los ntawm huab cua tau sau tseg hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Canada thaum xyoo 1920s. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias muaj peev xwm nqa tau me me, biplanes tsis yooj yim ntawm cov xyoo ntawd tuaj yeem siv lub zog ntawm ntau pua litres dej, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo hauv daim teb no tau qis. Lub tswv yim nws tus kheej tau lees paub tias yog kev cog lus, tab sis tsis muaj lub dav hlau haum rau nws siv thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov txiaj ntsig tau ntau dua yog thaum ntawd los ntawm kev xa cov tub rog tua hluav taws, cov twj tso kua dej, cov roj thiab cov cuab yeej siv mus rau cov dav hlau hav zoov.

Ntau yam tau hloov pauv txij li thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Kawg xaus, thaum muaj ntau qhov ntau ntawm kev tso tub rog lub dav hlau, uas tseem nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo, thiab tshem tawm cov kws tsav dav hlau tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau siv sijhawm Asmeskas cov tub ceev xwm qee lub sijhawm kom paub qhov ua tau ntawm kev hloov pauv kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau mus rau tus kheej tes thiab kev pabcuam tua hluav taws. Yog li ntawd, kev qhia biplanes Stearman RT-17 tau pib siv rau lub hom phiaj tua hluav taws. Xyoo 1930s thiab 1940s, RT-17 yog "lub rooj cob qhia" rau cov kws tsav dav hlau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas.

Duab
Duab

Stearman RT-17

Keeb kwm xa mus rau cov tswv pej xeem, RT-17 biplanes tau siv tshuaj tsuag tshuaj tua kab hauv kev tawm tsam kab kab ua liaj ua teb. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm tus kws tsav dav hlau lub dav hlau, lub ntim nrog ntim ntawm 605 litres tau teeb tsa. Thiab txawm hais tias cov dej tso tawm ntawm ib lub sijhawm me me, qhov kev paub ntawm "kev siv kev sib ntaus" qhia pom tias ua ke nrog kev tsim kho kev saib xyuas huab cua hauv ntiaj teb thiab tag nrho cov xov tooj cua zaus ntawm lub dav hlau tua hluav taws, nrog rau lub sijhawm pom tias muaj hluav taws thaum nws qhov chaw tseem me me., txawm tias lub dav hlau ya dav hlau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Thawj zaug hauv Tebchaws Meskas los tsim lub dav hlau tua hluav taws loj tau pib ua tub ceev xwm ntawm xeev Xeev California, uas txhua xyoo muaj kev kub nyhiab nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov. Xyoo 1954, thawj lub dav hlau torpedo foob pob hluav taws TBM Avenger, yuav ntawm tus nqi pheej yig los ntawm Navy, tau rov ua dua. Hloov nws mus rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua qhov yooj yim. Txhua yam khoom siv tub rog tsis tseem ceeb thiab riam phom raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub dav hlau. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam rau cov dej lossis cov tshuaj tua hluav taws nrog ntim txog 1300 litres, ua ke nrog lub tshuab tso dej, tau tso rau hauv qhov chaw tso foob pob tawg. Muaj ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam, qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo qis qhov cuam tshuam ntawm dej viav vias hauv kev ya dav hlau, txhim kho kev sib koom thiab muab hloov lossis tso dej tawm, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov hluav taws kub hav zoov. Cov dav hlau tau pleev xim rau xim zoo ib yam rau cov tub rog tua hluav taws.

Duab
Duab

Cov Avengers feem ntau hu ua "foob pob foob pob dej". Hauv xyoo 1950, tag nrho cov tub rog huab cua ntawm cov "foob pob foob pob hauv dej" tau tsim nyob hauv North America, txaus kom muaj pes tsawg tus txiv neej lub dav hlau tis rau ob lub dav hlau nqa khoom. Avengers tau muaj lub neej ntev heev hauv kev tua hluav taws. US Forest Service thiab ntau lub tuam txhab xws li Cisco Aircraft, TBM Inc, Sis-Q Flying Services thiab Hemet Valley Flying Services tau ua haujlwm ntau lub kaum os qub "palubniks" txog rau thaum ntxov 90s, thiab hauv Canada lawv tau tua hluav taws rov qab rau xyoo 2000s.

Kev siv lub Avenger los ua tus tua hluav taws saum ntuj tau qhib txoj hauv kev rau lwm lub foob pob foob pob uas tsis siv lawm hauv daim teb no, ntawm qhov uas muaj ntau tshaj qhov tsim nyob rau xyoo 50 hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tub Rog Cua thiab Tub Rog tso lawv tseg, cov tswv ntiag tug tsis xav tau ntau lub tuj, tsheb nqaj hlau, thiab cov dav hlau nyiam cov dav hlau tshwj xeeb uas muaj kev lag luam yooj yim thauj cov neeg caij npav thiab thauj khoom. Txawm tias tsis muaj dab tsi, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev pab tub rog dawb, tsis muaj kab rau cov foob pob foob pob. Tebchaws Asmeskas cov phooj ywg nyiam hloov pauv tau yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua kom tswj tau cov tsheb ib leeg xws li P-51 lossis A-1. Raws li cov xwm txheej no, nyob rau xyoo 50-60, rov muab cov cuab yeej siv rau hauv "cov dav hlau ya dej" tau cawm kaum ob ntawm North American B-25, Douglas A-26, Consolidated B-24, Boeing B-17 cov foob pob los ntawm kev txiav rau hlau. Piv rau Avenger, ob thiab plaub lub tsheb muaj lub peev xwm nqa tau siab dua thiab ntseeg tau.

Duab
Duab

Muab tus neeg tua hluav taws tua pov tseg los ntawm B-17

Raws li cov peev txheej ntawm cov foob pob ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau siv tas, cov lus nug tau tshwm sim txog lawv qhov kev hloov pauv. Tom qab ua haujlwm pabcuam hauv hav zoov, ntau lub dav hlau tau txaus siab rau qhov chaw hauv tsev khaws khoom pov thawj thiab ua yeeb yam hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab. Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub tsheb tsis tshua muaj neeg tseem ua haujlwm ntxiv. Yog li, txog tam sim no, lub nkoj loj loj Martin JRM "Mars" tau koom nrog tua hluav taws. Hauv tag nrho, xya lub tsheb tau tsim los ntawm 1947. Ob "Mars" thaum Lub Kaum Hli-Kaum Ib Hlis 2007 tau koom nrog tua hluav taws hauv hav zoov hauv California. Xyoo 2012, ib lub tsheb raug tso tseg, thaum nws tau tshaj tawm tias nws yuav mus rau National Museum of Naval Aviation.

Duab
Duab

Martin JRM "Mars"

Txawm hais tias lawv lub hnub nyoog dhau los, "Mars" tau ua pov thawj zoo heev hauv kev tua hluav taws. Vim yog cov peev txheej loj ntawm cov roj, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho kev ua kom rov zoo nyob rau hauv hom kev tua hluav taws hnyav yog 6 teev, thaum lub dav hlau muaj peev xwm ua tau 37 qhov ua tiav cov dej nkag mus thiab tso tawm.

Davis-Montan lub dav hlau khaws cia hauv Arizona tau dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev ntxiv rau lub dav hlau tua hluav taws. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm S-2 Tgaskeg thiab P-2 Neptune tiv thaiv submarines khaws cia ntawm no tom qab hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov tshuab hluav taws.

Duab
Duab

Dumping tus neeg tua hluav taws los ntawm P-2 Neptune

Kev coj mus zoo thiab tsaws yam ntxwv, tsis txaus ntseeg, qhov pheej yig yam tsis tau them nqi thiab kev saib xyuas, ntim sab hauv loj - txhua qhov no ua rau lawv txaus nyiam heev rau cov kev pabcuam tua hluav taws. Qee qhov S-2 thiab P-2s tseem ya hauv Tebchaws Meskas.

Hauv 70-80s, kev xyaum ua kom rov ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm kev tua hluav taws cov dav hlau ya nrog lub dav hlau qub dhau ntawm Air Force thiab Navy txuas ntxiv mus. Lawm, cov foob pob dav hlau tsis haum rau tso dej los ntawm qhov chaw siab. Kev saib xyuas yooj yim P-3A Orion, thauj tub rog C-54 Skymaster thiab C-130 Hercules ntawm thawj qhov kev hloov pauv tau pib ua. Lawv cov qib tseem tau koom nrog cov neeg tsav dav hlau DC-4, DC-6, DC-7 thiab txawm tias dav-dav DC-10, uas cov dav hlau tau pib tso tseg vim lawv tau hloov los ntawm cov dav hlau niaj hnub no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ntau lub dav hlau sib tua ntawm lub dav hlau tua hluav taws tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Meskas, uas tau piav qhia los ntawm tus nqi pheej yig ntawm kev siv dav hlau. Txog kev tua hluav taws hauv dav hlau, cov txheej txheem rau kev siv roj ntau thiab kev nplij siab tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntau npaum li cas cov tshuaj tua hluav taws lub dav hlau tuaj yeem siv tau, thiab ntseeg tau yooj yim npaum li cas.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los no, vim muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm kev qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv dav hlau, tau muaj kev hloov pauv lub dav hlau qub uas tsis yog thawj lub hom phiaj xav tua hluav taws, uas muaj ntau dua 50 xyoo, nrog cov tshuab tshwj xeeb. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov kev pabcuam tua hluav taws, tsis zoo li Canada, feem ntau siv dav hlau raws cov dav hlau hauv av. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias hav zoov loj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam nyob rau sab hnub poob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov chaw uas cov dej haum haum rau tsaws hauv hiav txwv yog qhov tsawg heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis txhob siv dej, cov hluav taws kub nyhiab tau siv los ua cov tshuaj tua hluav taws - cov kev daws teeb meem thiab tshem tawm, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab muaj cov pa tawm qeeb qeeb piv rau cov dej ntshiab. Txij li cov dej ib txwm nyob deb ntawm tus neeg sawv cev tua hluav taws zoo tshaj: nyob rau hauv huab cua kub nws sai sai, thiab kev sib txuas tau rov qab los thiab txuas ntxiv nrog tib lub zog.

Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lub ntsiab "tawm dag zog" ntawm kev tua hluav taws hauv dav hlau tam sim no yog cov tsheb hnyav tsim los ntawm dav dav lub cev dav hlau ntawm cov dav hlau pej xeem thiab dav hlau thauj tub rog. Lub peev xwm nqa tau siab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm them nyiaj ib nrab rau kev tsim khoom qis ntawm cov tsheb hauv tshav dav hlau hauv kev sib piv nrog amphibians.

Duab
Duab

Piv txwv li, Evergreens ua haujlwm lub Boeing 747ST Supertanker, hloov pauv los ntawm B-747-200F lub nkoj thauj khoom, muaj peev xwm tso dej mus txog 90,000 litres dej hauv ib kis. BAe-146 lub dav hlau thiab hloov pauv KS-10 lub tanker aircraft kuj tseem siv dav.

Duab
Duab

Txij li thaum 60s, cov dav hlau dav hlau nrog cov dej tawm sab nraud tau nquag siv rau kev tua hluav taws. Qhov zoo ntawm cov nyoob hoom qav taub, txawm hais tias tus nqi khiav lag luam siab thiab muaj peev xwm nqa tau tsawg, yog lub peev xwm los ntim cov dej tso rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub cev dej hauv hom hover, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo dua vim qhov nce qhov tseeb. Feem ntau nws tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb los sau lub ntim. Thawj qhov kev sim hauv thaj chaw no tau ua tiav xyoo 1957 ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo Tswb Tswb 47. Nws tau xa dej hauv cov hnab roj hmab uas muaj peev xwm txog 250 litres, tsau hauv qab lub fuselage.

Duab
Duab

Tswb 47

Lwm txoj hauv kev, tab sis tsis tshua siv txoj hauv kev yog kos cov dej rau hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam sab hauv uas nyob hauv lub nyoob hoom qav taub siv lub twj tso kua mis nyob hauv hom. Txoj kev no, piv txwv li, siv lub dav hlau tua hluav taws ntawm S-64 Skycrane qhov siab.

Duab
Duab

S-64 Skycrane Cov

Txog rau xyoo 1961, lub dav hlau helicopters yuav luag tsis tau siv los tiv thaiv hav zoov los ntawm hluav taws hauv Tebchaws Meskas, txij li muaj ob peb ntawm lawv hauv kev lag luam dav hlau, thiab cov tub rog tau faib lub dav hlau helicopters tsuas yog nyob rau qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb thaum hluav taws hav zoov tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau. Tom qab "lub dav hlau loj" pib hauv ntiaj teb thaum kawg ntawm 60s, thiab cov qauv pheej yig thiab ntseeg tau tshwm sim ntawm kev ua lag luam rau pej xeem, kev siv lub dav hlau helicopters hauv hav zoov tau ua ib txwm muaj.

Duab
Duab

Ntau lub dav hlau lub cav siv dav siv rau kev saib xyuas huab cua thiab tshawb xyuas qhov hluav taws kub kom raws sijhawm. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lawv raug hu ua birddogs - "noog ntshav." Yog tias ua ntej tshawb nrhiav hluav taws tau ua qhov muag pom, tam sim no cov cuab yeej soj ntsuam yuav tsum suav nrog lub ntsej muag infrared pem hauv ntej-pom system FUR, muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem pom qhov qhib hluav taws thiab "pom" los ntawm cov pa luam yeeb, ob hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Ntxiv nrog rau cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus tus qauv, cov kab ke qhia hauv lub hnub qub thiab cov khoom siv xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm tau muab tso rau ntawm lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav huab cua. Qhov no tso cai, txawm tias nyob hauv davhlau, kom txo qhov kev tswj hwm ntawm cov hluav taws ntawm cov lus txib hauv av thiab pib tua hluav taws sai sai. Txog rau tam sim no, lub dav hlau saib xyuas lub dav hlau yog qhov muaj kev ntseeg siab dua thiab ua haujlwm txhais tau tias tswj kev tua hluav taws hauv hav zoov hauv kev sib piv nrog kev saib xyuas lub hnub qub. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau thiab ntau lub dav hlau uas tsis muaj neeg siv tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no.

Duab
Duab

Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: OV-10 Bronco thiab P-2 Neptune lub dav hlau tua hluav taws ntawm Chico tshav dav hlau hauv California.

Yav dhau los OV-10 Bronco cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog, hloov pauv mus rau hauv lub dav hlau saib xyuas, yog nrov heev ntawm cov kws sim tua hluav taws hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Thaum sib ntaus tua hluav taws, Bronco, nrog kev tswj tau zoo thiab pom kev zoo los ntawm lub dav hlau, tau siv los ua cov lus txib huab cua, tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog hauv av thiab tua hluav taws.

Duab
Duab

Tsheb Laij Teb AT-802 Tus Thawj Tua Hluav Taws

Lub Tsheb Laij Teb Huab Cua AT-802 Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob, nruab nrog tshwj xeeb Wipaire ntab, tsim nyog tau hais tshwj xeeb. Lub dav hlau me me no muaj ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam rau tua hluav taws nrog rau tag nrho ntim ntawm 3066 litres. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntab thiab kev coj mus zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv tsaws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nqa dej los ntawm cov pas dej me me uas nkag tsis tau mus rau lwm qhov, cov seaplanes loj dua. AT -802 Tus Thawj Tuav Hluav Taws Xob - "Tus Tswv Hluav Taws" - ua tsaug rau nws qhov kev ntseeg siab thiab ua haujlwm tau ntawm tus nqi ua haujlwm qis, tau dhau los ua tus muag khoom tseeb ntawm Air Tractor, tseem paub txog nws lub dav hlau ua liaj ua teb thiab lub dav hlau tua lub dav hlau.

Duab
Duab

Thaum muaj hluav taws kub loj, thaum tshaj tawm lub xeev xwm txheej kub ntxhov hauv thaj tsam ntawm qee lub xeev, zoo li hauv lwm lub tebchaws, hauv Tebchaws Meskas, raws li kev thov ntawm National Inter-Agency Fire Center (NIFC), dav hlau ntawm Tub Rog Cua, Navy thiab National Guard tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam hluav taws. Feem ntau, thauj tub rog C-130 siv los tso dej. MAFFS II onboard system rau tua hluav taws hauv av loj tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov dav hlau C-130H / J Hercules hloov kho. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem thiab lub peev xwm tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm lub dav hlau thauj tub rog tsis pub dhau 4 teev.

Duab
Duab

Hauv California, uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hluav taws, Tswb V-22 Osprey tiltrotors uas yog tus tswv ILC Asmeskas tau ua tau zoo heev. Cov cuab yeej no ua ke sib cais qhov zoo ntawm lub dav hlau thiab lub dav hlau. Hais txog kev muaj peev xwm nqa tau, Osprey hla ntau lub nyoob hoom qav taub, tib lub sijhawm nws muaj peev xwm nqes dej mus rau hauv txoj hlua khi hauv lub dav hlau lossis ntawm qhov nrawm.

Ntau xyoo dhau los, US Forest Service (USFS), raws li kev paub siv Russia cov dav hlau tua hluav taws thaum tua hluav taws loj hauv Spain thiab Fab Kis, tau hais tawm qhov xav yuav lossis qiv ntau Be-200ES. Cov kws paub tshwj xeeb hauv hav zoov tau sau tseg tias Be-200ES muaj sijhawm luv mus rau qhov chaw tua hluav taws, ntev dua, thiab pom zoo dua los ntawm tus kws tsav dav hlau ua haujlwm piv rau dav hlau Canadair CL-415 cov dav hlau tua hluav taws. Vim tias nws lub zog hnyav-rau-qhov hnyav, Lavxias lub dav hlau tua hluav taws muaj peev xwm nqa dej hauv cov pas dej roob ntawm cov chav kawm tsis nkag mus rau lwm lub hiav txwv. Cov yam ntxwv maneuverable ntawm Be-200ChS tso cai rau nws ua lub luag haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev kub ntxhov siab. Hmoov tsis zoo, vim muaj xwm txheej dhau los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab, qhov kev cog lus cog lus no yeej tsis ua tiav. Pom tseeb, kev nom tswv thiab kev nyiam ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws cuam tshuam nrog qhov teeb meem.

Tsis zoo li feem ntau ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Canada nplua nuj hauv cov dej. Yog li ntawd, hauv tebchaws Canada, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv cov xeev uas hais lus Fab Kis, ntxiv rau cov dav hlau tua hluav taws hauv av, muaj ntau tus amphibians, ntab seaplanes thiab ya nkoj. Kev xyaum tua hluav taws hauv hav zoov tau qhia pom tias lub dav hlau ya dav hlau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua lub dav hlau raws lub tshav dav hlau, vim nws tuaj yeem nqus dej ntawm kev npaj dav hlau nyob hauv ib qho dej loj nyob ze. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub sijhawm xa dej mus rau qhov chaw tua hluav taws raug txo qis. Cov tsheb hauv av xav kom muaj lub tshav dav hlau nrog cov hauv paus hauv av tshwj xeeb rau kev xa dej thiab tsim cov kua dej tua hluav taws thiab lawv cov roj ntxiv.

Xyoo 1950, De Havilland Beaver ntab pib siv hauv tebchaws Canada, tom qab ntawd los ntawm DHC Beaver thiab DHC Otter - lawv muaj cov tso tsheb hlau luam tso rau sab hauv ntab uas muaj dej puv hauv av lossis npaj rau saum npoo av.

Duab
Duab

DHC Otter

Pib xyoo 1958, PBY-6A Canso amphibians (Canadian version of Catalina), uas raug tshem tawm ntawm kev pabcuam, pib nkag mus rau Canadian kev pabcuam tua hluav taws. Ntawm cov tshuab no, tshem cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 1350 litres tau muab tso rau hauv qab tis. Tom qab ntawd, tau tso cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntxiv rau sab hauv lub cev, thaum cov dej tau nce mus txog 2500 litres. Xyoo 1971, Canadian Catalins tau hloov kho tshiab, lawv tau nruab nrog ob lub tank tso dej uas muaj peev xwm tag nrho ntawm 3640 litres thiab cov txheej txheem muab cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam - tiv thaiv cov dej sai sai. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm amphibian no tau hu ua Canso Water Bomber - "Kanso dej foob pob".

Xyoo 1959, FIFT tau yuav plaub Martin JRM Mars cov nkoj loj loj hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Lawv dhau los ua Canadian dav hlau tua hluav taws ntau tshaj plaws thiab tau siv txog thaum ntxov xyoo 2000s.

Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog Canadair CL-215 lub dav hlau amphibious. Nws tau ya thawj zaug thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1967 thiab tau tsim tshwj xeeb los tua hluav taws hauv hav zoov los ntawm huab cua, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv yav dhau los. Lub dav hlau tau dhau los ua qhov zoo thiab tau ua tiav ob qho hauv Canada thiab ntawm kev ua lag luam txawv teb chaws. Nws cov khoom lag luam txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1990, nrog rau tag nrho 125 qhov chaw tua hluav taws tua hluav taws. Maj mam, CL-215 hloov tag nrho Catalins kev tso tseg tom qab lawv lub neej kev pabcuam tau ploj mus. Thaum pib, lub dav hlau tau siv los ntawm Pratt & Whitney R-2800 piston cua txias tshuab nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 2,100 hp. txhua tus

Duab
Duab

Canadair CL-215

Cov dav hlau tua hluav taws Canadair CL-215 tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv tus kheej thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1972. Tom qab ntawd cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub amphibians, tom qab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub dav hlau saib xyuas, txawm tias huab cua qhuav, los tswj kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov hluav taws uas muaj zog tshaj plaws txav mus rau lub nroog Val d'Or. Hauv cheeb tsam hluav taws tau kis mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov kua roj liquefied, tso roj thiab lub nroog nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, rau lub dav hlau tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam hluav taws, nrog thawj ob lub amphibians tuaj txog hauv 15 feeb tom qab tau txais lub tswb. Dej ntawm CL-215 gliding tau raug coj los ntawm lub pas dej nyob ze, ua rau tso tawm ib ntus ntawm ib feeb. Ob teev tom qab, qhov hluav taws kub tau nres ob peb kaum metres ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau.

Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm dhau los, kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm lub dav hlau tau dhau los, thiab nyob rau xyoo 80s kev hloov kho ntawm CL-215T nrog lub cav turboprop tau tshwm sim, thiab xyoo 1993 CL-415, tau hloov kho nrog avionics tshiab, tso tsheb hlau luam tau nce mus rau 6130 litres, txhim kho aerodynamics thiab txhim kho cov plum system. Lub dav hlau tau nruab nrog Pratt & Whitney Canada PW123AF ua yeeb yam nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 2,380 hp. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tso tsheb tso dej, lub dav hlau muaj cov tso tsheb hlau luam rau cov tshuaj tua hluav taws sib xyaw ua ke, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke.

Duab
Duab

Canadair CL-415

Lub peev xwm ntawm amphibious CL-415 tsis txwv rau kev tso dej tawm, lub dav hlau no tseem tuaj yeem siv xa cov pab cawm neeg thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tshawb nrhiav thiab cawm hauv thaj chaw puas tsuaj. Tom qab hloov pauv mus rau hauv kev thauj mus los thiab neeg caij npav, nws lub peev xwm thauj neeg nrog caij yog 30 tus neeg. Txog rau tam sim no, 90 Canadair CL-415 amphibians tau tsim.

Kev xyaum siv dav hlau hauv kev tua hluav taws hauv hav zoov tau qhia pom tias lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li kev siv hauv av. Cov dav hlau tua hluav taws thiab nyoob hoom qav taub tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov hluav taws kub sai sai hauv txhua qhov chaw, suav nrog qhov nkag mus los hauv av yog yooj yim ua tsis tau, thiab pib tua ua ntej qhov hluav taws kub tau kis mus rau thaj chaw tseem ceeb. Kev siv aviation xav tau cov neeg tsawg dua thiab feem ntau pheej yig dua li tua hluav taws hauv av. Qhov no txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag thiab raug mob rau cov neeg ua haujlwm koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws kub. Cov ncauj lus hauv kev txhim kho kev tua hluav taws kev ya dav hlau hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Canada qhia tias kev tsim tshwj xeeb hauv kev siv tshuab thiab khoom siv dav hlau tau dhau los ua qhov xav tau ntau dua, thiab lub dav hlau qub dhau los hloov pauv los ntawm kev tso tsis tau maj mam dhau los ua qhov dhau los.

Pom zoo: