870 xyoo dhau los - thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1147 thawj zaug hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm cov lus "Moscow" tau hais. Peb tab tom tham txog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Moscow los ntawm Ipatiev Chronicle, yog ib qho ntawm cov sau keeb kwm qub tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias, uas tau suav hais tias yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm ntawm ntau lub sijhawm.
Kev hais txog Moscow tau muab rau hauv cov ntawv caw ntawm Svyatoslav, Tus Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Novgorod-Seversky, Rostov-Suzdal thiab Great Kiev Tub Vaj Ntxwv Yuri (Vladimirovich) Dolgoruky (hloov kho):
Tuaj rau kuv, kwv tij, mus rau Moskov '.
Qhov sib txawv txav ze rau qhov chaw qub:
Thiab nws xa Gyurga mus rau Svyatoslav, hais lus: kuv tus nus yuav tuaj rau Moscow. Svyatoslav tab tom mus nrog nws tus menyuam Olga hauv pab pawg me, peb yuav ntes Vladimir Svyatoslavich nrog peb.
Qhov tseeb tiag uas Ipatiev Chronicle qhia txog kev caw Yuri Dolgoruky mus rau Moscow (Moscow) qhia tias kev sib hais haum ntawm qhov chaw no tuaj yeem tshwm sim meej dua ua ntej lub Plaub Hlis 1147. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog keeb kwm, yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, uas muab qhov laj thawj los xav txog lub xyoo pib ntawm Moscow xyoo 1147, thiab tus tsim lub nroog yog qhov tseeb Yuri Dolgoruky.
Kwv yees li 9 xyoos tom qab, raws li keeb kwm keeb kwm, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Yuri, nyob hauv Kiev, tau xaj kom ntxiv dag zog Moscow (Moscow) nrog cov phab ntsa ntoo thiab lub pas dej.
Kev sib hais haum ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm Moskva Dej - ntawm qhov chaw nws sib tshuam nrog tus Dej Neglinnaya - hauv qab Yuri Dolgorukom tau tshwm sim ntawm Borovitsky Toj - hauv kev muaj nyob hauv lub zos boyar Stepan Kuchka. Hauv cov ntoo ntoo ntoo ntawm ib nrab ntawm XII xyoo pua, cov chaw no hu ua Kuchkov - los ntawm "lub xeem" ntawm boyar. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws paub lus ntseeg ntseeg tias lub npe menyuam yaus, zoo li lub tswvyim "Moscow", yog keeb kwm Finno-Ugric. Yog li, raws li ib qho version, lub npe Kuchka los ntawm Mari cov lus "kuchkizh" - "eagle", lossis los ntawm "kuchk", "kuchyk" - luv, luv.
Lub sij hawm "Moscow" muaj ntau dua qhov hloov pauv ntawm nws keeb kwm. Cov neeg txhawb nqa lub tswv yim ntawm Finno-Ugric lub npe tau nyiam rau cov version uas "Moscow" los ntawm Finno-Ugric lo lus "nkhaus", uas yog tus dej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog hauv paus. Raws li lwm qhov lus, lo lus "Moscow" tuaj yeem txhais ua "currant" - thiab tseem yog los ntawm ib hom lus ntawm pab pawg Finno -Ugric.
Slavs sib cav nrog cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm Finno-Ugric version ntawm lub npe, hais tias Moscow tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog "currant" lossis "nkhaus" ib qho. Ib tsab ntawv npaj siab los sib piv cov lus niaj hnub hais lus Lavxias "dank" nrog Proto-Slavic cov lus sib xyaw "mosk" thiab "brain", uas tau txhais ua "raw". Cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm tsab ntawv no tiv thaiv lawv txoj haujlwm, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais tias muaj ntau tus dej ntws nrog cov npe zoo sib xws hauv ntau lub xeev Slavic. Yog li, hauv thaj av Rakiv niaj hnub no ntawm thaj av Transcarpathian ntawm Ukraine, tseem muaj Moscow (tsuas yog kwv yees li 1.5 km ntev) - ib feem ntawm Tisza. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv tebchaws Poland tam sim no, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Belarus, Bulgaria muaj ob qho dej thiab chaw nyob, cov npe uas muaj cov hauv paus zoo ib yam - Moskava (Mozgava), Moskovets, Moskovitsa thiab cuam tshuam nrog lub tswvyim "nyoos", "ntub" ".
Nyob rau hauv lem, cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm Finno-Ugric txoj kev xav ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev lub npe tias qhov tseeb tias Dej Moskva tseem ntws hauv Transcarpathia tsuas yog ua pov thawj qhov tseeb tias lub npe cuam tshuam nrog cov lus Ugric. Qhov tseeb yog hnub no kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg Hungarians haiv neeg nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Transcarpathian cheeb tsam ntawm Ukraine, uas nws cov lus yog rau tsev neeg Finno-Ugric. Ntxiv mus, Finno -Ugric "ntawv pov thawj" ntawm cov npe ntawm lwm cov dej thiab chaw nyob ntawm thaj av Moscow - Iksha, Kurga - tau muab.
Kuj tseem muaj cov uas ua rau pom lub npe rau pawg Baltic ntawm cov lus. Thiab txhua tus tib lub sijhawm sawv ntawm nws tus kheej.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij ntawm lo lus "Moscow", niaj hnub no nws tsis muaj teeb meem tiag. Thiab nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas lo lus no tau paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab tau pom hauv ntiaj teb no tsis yog ib feem ntawm Tisza lossis ib lub nroog hauv ib ntawm cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe sab hnub tuaj, tab sis yog lub peev ntawm Lavxias Federation - lub tebchaws nroog loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov pejxeem. - Lub nroog ntawm ntau yam xwm txheej keeb kwm thiab lub sijhawm: lub sijhawm muaj kev vam meej, kev kov yeej, hluav taws loj, kev tawm tsam rau Nazi hordes, kev ua tub rog ci ntsa iab, tsim kev tsim kho, kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev ua tub rog ntawm cov neeg zoo tiag tiag.
Hauv xyoo 2017, Moscow ua kev zoo siab tsis yog tsuas yog 870th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm thawj zaug hais hauv keeb kwm, tab sis kuj yog lwm hom kev ua koob tsheej. 120 xyoo dhau los - xyoo 1897, Moscow tau dhau los ua lub nroog uas muaj cov pej xeem ntawm 1 lab. Cov ntaub ntawv raug cai ntawm cov neeg nyob ruaj khov ntawm Moscow thaum pib xyoo 2017 yog 12 lab 400 txhiab tus neeg nyob. Yog tias cov neeg hauv paus txawm, raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev noj qab haus huv hais tias, tau suav tias yog cov neeg nyob hauv nroog hauv tiam thib peb lossis plaub tiam, tom qab ntawd muaj "teeb meem" nrog Muscovites hauv paus tiag. Mosstat hais tias tam sim no tsis muaj ntau dua 3.5-4% ntawm cov neeg zoo li no hauv lub nroog. Kuj tseem muaj kev poob qis hauv cov pej xeem Lavxias ntawm Moscow. Yog tias thaum ntxov 90s txog 91% ntawm cov neeg Lavxias nyob hauv Moscow, niaj hnub no nws tsis ntau dua 86%. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev nqis peev qis hauv Lavxias Muscovites txuas ntxiv. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thib ob ntawm cov pejxeem nyob hauv Lavxias peev yog nyob hauv tebchaws Ukrainian (kwv yees li 1.5% ntawm cov pejxeem). Cov Tatars yog me ntsis qab lawv (1,4%).
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv raug cai ntawm cov cim qhia pej xeem ntawm Moscow tau sib cav los ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij. Qhov kawg kuj tseem hais kom xa mus rau cov neeg nyob ruaj khov ntawm Moscow cov uas, nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm "kev sib hloov", tuaj rau lub peev kom khwv tau nyiaj thiab nyob tsawg kawg rau lub hlis ua ntej tawm mus. Qhov no feem ntau yog hais txog cov pej xeem ntawm cov tebchaws ntawm Central Asia. Cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas tseeb qhia tias 36,000 Uzbeks, 28,000 Tajiks thiab txog 20,000 Kyrgyz nyob hauv Moscow nyob ruaj khov. Hauv kev muaj tiag, raws li kev kwv yees kwv yees ntau tshaj, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg no, suav nrog cov nyob hauv Moscow nrog cov ntawv hla tebchaws txawv tebchaws, tsawg kawg yog 1.8 lab tus tib neeg.
Tus tsim ntawm Moscow yuav tsum tau xav tsis thoob los ntawm ntau yam:
pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv nroog niaj hnub no, qhov tseeb tias muaj qee qhov coj txawv txawv rau Yuriy Dolgoruky lub tebchaws - "Ukrainians", thiab qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau zaus ntau tus qhua los ntawm Asia tshav ntuj hauv ntau lub nroog hauv nroog ntau dua li cov neeg Muscovites.
