"Peb cov tub rog tau tuav txhua txoj haujlwm tau ob peb hnub, qee zaum rau ntau lub lis piam."
Tawm tsam qhov rov qab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua loj hauv tebchaws Poland, kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Dniester zoo li ntu. Tab sis kev nqis tes ua ntawm Pab Pawg 11 ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob tau muab cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws - lub sijhawm, uas nyob rau qhov xwm txheej uas tau tsim tom qab kev kov yeej Gorlitsky yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb.
Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Zhuravnenskoye yog kev tiv thaiv-kev ua phem ntawm 11th Army ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob. Thib 6, 22 thiab 18 Tub Rog Tub Ceev Xwm, nrog lawv ua thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 24 - Lub Rau Hli 2, 1915, tau txhawb nqa cov yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Cov tub rog German sab qab teb tau raug swb loj.
Kev sib dhos ntawm cov rog
Cov tub rog German yav qab teb ntawm A. von Linzingen, ua haujlwm sib koom nrog pab pawg A. von Mackensen, thawb 11th pab tub rog Lavxias thaum nruab nrab Lub Tsib Hlis. Txawm hais tias tau ua tiav kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias thaum lub Tsib Hlis 15-17, Lub Kaum Hli 18 Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog tau thim rov qab mus rau Zhuravno thiab Kalushch, thiab 22th rau Mikolaev. Txuas ntxiv mus ua ntej, cov yeeb ncuab hla Dniester thaum hmo ntuj ntawm Tsib Hlis 24.
Qhov chaw nruab nrab hauv cov kev sib ntaus no yog koom nrog pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm Lieutenant General V. I. Tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog tau rov qab hais tias: “Thaum ib tag hmo kuv raug tsa saum txaj. Tus thawj ntawm ib qho ntawm kev sib cais sib cais los ntawm 22 pawg neeg hu nrog lo lus nug yog tias kuv yuav tso cai rau nws thim nws txoj kev faib tawm hla Dniester, nws twb tau npaj thiab ib nrab ntxiv dag zog rau txoj haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm sab nraud ntawm tus dej. Tau txwv tsis pub nws ua ib yam dab tsi zoo li ntawd, Kuv, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nruj me ntsis kom nws mus rau qhov ua phem rau nws tus kheej tam sim ntawd. Yog tias tsim nyog, kuv hais rau nws, nws tuaj yeem hloov nws cov peev nyiaj los ntawm sab laug ntawm Dniester, thaum kuv yuav txhawb nws qhov kev tawm tsam nrog kev ua ntawm kev sib cais nyob ze. Tsis ntev muaj ntawv tshaj tawm tias peb qhov kev tawm tsam tau txhim kho kom zoo, pab pawg Finnish tau mus tom ntej. Cov xwm txheej no thiab tuaj txog ntawm cov chav tshiab ntawm kuv pawg tub rog tau dhau los ua qhov hloov pauv hauv peb cov haujlwm hauv ntu no ntawm sab xub ntiag raws Dniester River."
Txog Lub Tsib Hlis 26, Austro-German chav nyob tau mob siab rau sab laug ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus choj ntawm Zhuravno. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kev tawm tsam ntawm 6th Army Corps thiab cov koog txuas nrog nws yog qhov tseem ceeb txiav txim siab. Kev ua tiav ntawm kev nqis tes ua ntawm pab pawg Gurko tau txhawb nqa ntau los ntawm qhov tseeb tias, tig mus, nws txoj cai flank tau npog los ntawm cov hav dej nyab ntawm Dniester. Sab laug ntawm pab pawg los ntawm 6th thiab 22nd Army Corps yog 18th Army Corps thiab 3rd Guards Division nrog ib pab tub rog los ntawm Gurko corps.
Zhuravenskoe tawm tsam
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 27, kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias pib. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau tshuaj xyuas kev ua tiav ntawm riam phom Lavxias hauv kev sib ntaus ob hnub: "Ntawm sab laug ntawm Dniester, hauv thaj av Zhuravno, tom qab kev tawm tsam tawv ncauj, peb cuam cov yeeb ncuab tom qab txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Ob peb lub zos dhau los rau hauv peb txhais tes, thiab thaum lub sijhawm ntes lub nroog Bukachovtsy peb tau coj 800 tus neeg raug kaw nrog 20 tus tub ceev xwm. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 28, los ntawm kev ua siab loj ntawm peb pab tub rog, cov yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb uas hla ntawm Zhuravno mus rau sab laug ntawm Dniester thiab kis mus rau tag nrho Zhuravno-Sivki pem hauv ntej, tau thim rov qab nrog kev poob ntau rau cov yeeb ncuab ntawm sab xis. Hauv kev tawm tsam tawv ncauj, peb nqa 17 rab phom, 49 rab phom tshuab, 188 tus tub ceev xwm thiab txog li 6,500 tus neeg German thiab Austrians. Ntawm cov neeg raug kaw muaj lub tuam txhab tso tseg tag nrho ntawm Prussian Guards Fusilier Regiment."
Ib feem ntawm German Tus Saib Xyuas Thib Peb tau raug kev swb hnyav ntawm lub zos Vyshniyev, raug kev txom nyem loj.
Txij thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 26 txog Lub Tsib Hlis 28, suav nrog, cov khoom plig ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias muaj txog 348 tus tub ceev xwm, 15 431 qib qis dua, 17 phom thiab 78 rab phom tshuab. Coj mus rau hauv tus account kev sib ntaus thaum lub Tsib Hlis 24-26, thaum cov yeeb ncuab tau tawm tsam, tag nrho ntawm 18 txhiab tus tub rog Austro-German thiab cov tub ceev xwm raug ntes, 23 rab phom raug ntes.
Txhawm rau pab cov tub rog Austro-German thim rov qab mus rau sab xis ntawm Dniester, cov yeeb ncuab tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ob sab ntug dej ntawm Tismenytsya River, ntes lub zos Hrushov thaum lub Tsib Hlis 28. Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws tau thim rov qab los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, thiab hauv cov hnub tom ntej no kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tuaj tom ntej, ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm peb kev sib cais. Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 31, 1200 tus neeg raug kaw nrog 29 tus tub ceev xwm thiab xya lub tshuab rab phom raug ntes hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tismenytsya thiab Stryi, thiab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Zhuravno thaum Lub Rau Hli 1-2, 202 tus tub ceev xwm, 8544 qib qis dua, rau rab phom thiab 21 rab phom tshuab. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 3, Gurko cov tub rog tau mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv - kev tawm tsam tau ua tiav.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, South German pab tub rog raug kev puas tsuaj loj. Cov yeeb ncuab tau thim rov qab mus rau sab xis ntawm Dniester, cov tub rog Lavxias tau mus txog lub nroog Stryi, txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau loj - 12 kilometers tau tso rau nws. Kev yeej Zhuravnenskaya yuam cov yeeb ncuab kom txo qhov kev ua phem hauv Galich cov lus qhia thiab koom nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov rog.
Qhov xwm txheej tam sim no (kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog nyob sib ze los ntawm Gorlitsky kev kov yeej) yuam kom Lavxias hais kom txwv txoj kev kov yeej kev ua phem thiab mus tiv thaiv. Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob pib tawm tswv yim thim rov qab, thiab pab tub rog ntawm 11th Army thim rov qab nrog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, vim tias cov tub rog Lavxias rov qab los ntawm Lvov thiab Przemysl tau hem nws lub nraub qaum.
Gurko rov hais dua: "Kev tshem tawm tag nrho Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob tau ua tiav, ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias, ib qib zuj zus - peb tau ua tiav mus rau ntau txoj haujlwm tshiab tau npaj ua ntej ntawm sab laug ntawm ntug dej ntawm Rubicons hauv zej zog - cov chaw nyob ntawm Dniester. Peb cov tub rog tau tuav txhua txoj haujlwm no tau ob peb hnub, qee zaum rau ntau lub hlis. " Qhov kev npaj tshem tawm tau ua tiav los ntawm kev ua tiav hauv Zhuravno kev ua haujlwm.
Kev yeej uas tau cawm lub hauv ntej
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Zhuravno yog kev ua haujlwm thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tub rog Lavxias, thiab txawm tias muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tiav zoo. Cov khoom plig ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog txij thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 24 txog Lub Rau Hli 2 suav nrog - txog 28 txhiab tus neeg raug kaw, 29 rab phom, 106 phom tshuab. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias kev yeej yeej yeej tiv thaiv keeb kwm tsaus ntuj ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1915 kev sib tw.
Tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm 6th, 22nd thiab 18 Army Corps ntawm 11th Army yog German pawg ntawm Hoffmann (130, 131 thiab 132nd Infantry Brigades) thiab Marshal (48th Reserve thiab 19 Infantry Division), Austrian 5th Army Corps (64th Infantry Brigade thiab 34th Infantry Division). Tus nom Austrian piav qhia txog kev sib ntaus ntawm Zhuravno sau tseg qhov kev poob loj ntawm Austro-German pab tub rog (suav nrog tus saib xyuas). Yog li, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum lub Tsib Hlis 27, cov yeeb ncuab lees paub qhov poob ntawm ob txhiab tus neeg los ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Thib Peb Thib Peb thiab 40th Honoured Infantry Division, thiab 14th Infantry Brigade poob txog 50 feem pua ntawm nws lub zog thaum lub Tsib Hlis 28.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Zhuravno tsis tsuas yog qhia txog kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog nyob rau lub sijhawm tiv thaiv, nws tau pab hloov pauv tus yeeb ncuab txoj haujlwm kev npaj ua haujlwm. Qhov tseeb tias kev sib faib ntawm pab tub rog 11 tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm Austro -Germans, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev ua tiav loj, kov yeej lawv thiab pov lawv hla Dniester, ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus yeeb ncuab txoj phiaj xwm - mus rau sab nraum qab ntawm Lvov thiab pab pawg tseem ceeb ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob. Tsuas yog nrog kev pab ntawm cov rog ntxiv ua tus yeeb ncuab tswj kom tiv nrog kev hem thawj rau nws lub ntsej muag. Tab sis nws tau raug tshem tawm meej vim yog pab pawg hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Kev ntsuas ntawm Lavxias cov lus txib yog qhov muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws, vim tias tsuas yog kev siv zog ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus yeeb ncuab txoj phiaj xwm: nws raug yuam kom ua rau lawv, hloov lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj. Thiab kev nqis tes ua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab nce qib yog ua tau zoo ob npaug.
Xav paub ntau ntxiv: