Sudaev rab phom submachine tau lees paub tias yog riam phom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob
Qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm kev ua phem rau lub phom submachine (uas peb tom qab ntawd hais txog rau kev sib tsoo raws li rab phom submachine) tau dhau los ua lub hom phiaj tsis siv neeg tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog, yog qhov xav tsis thoob rau txhua tus tub rog uas koom nrog hauv Ntiaj Teb Thib Ob Tsov rog. Txawm hais tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm riam phom no tau ua tiav hauv ntau lub tebchaws txog rau lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 1939, tsis muaj ib qhov chaw uas nws tau txiav txim siab ua lub luag haujlwm. Tsuas yog kev ua tsov rog yuam kom nws nkag mus rau hauv pab tub rog ntau ntau raws li txhais tau tias ua tiav "hluav taws zoo tshaj" hla tus yeeb ncuab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Tus tsim los ntawm qhov tob
Ntawm cov piv txwv hauv tsev, nto moo tshaj plaws - thiab tsim nyog yog li - dhau los ua cov phom loj tshaj plaws ntawm GS Shpagin system (PPSh). Tus German MP.38 thiab MP.40 kuj paub zoo rau coob leej. Txawm li cas los xij, Sudaev submachine rab phom tau lees paub tias yog rab phom submachine zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Qhov tseeb, xyoo 1942-1945, Red Army tau txais tsuas yog 765,373 PPS (feem ntau yog PPS-43). Ntawm cov no, 531,359 tau tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. VD Kalmykov hauv Moscow, 187 912 - cov tuam txhab ntawm Leningrad thiab 46 102 - Tbilisi. PPS ua rau tsuas yog ntau dua 12% ntawm tag nrho cov phom submachine ua hauv USSR thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj.
Los ntawm txoj kev, txawm tias nyob hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb lawv qee zaum tsis meej pem, hu rau PPS, piv txwv li, Sudakov rab phom submachine. Yog li, nws tsim nyog hais ob peb lo lus hais txog tus tsim nws tus kheej.
Alexey Ivanovich Sudaev yug xyoo 1912 hauv lub nroog Alatyr, xeev Simbirsk. Tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm haujlwm, nws ua haujlwm kho tshuab. Tom qab ntawd, tau txais nws txoj kev kawm ntawm Gorky Construction College, nws tau ua haujlwm ntawm Soyuztransstroy ua tus kws tshaj lij ntawm lub xaib. Nws thawj qhov kev tsim tawm - "Tsis siv neeg tua los ntawm rab phom tshuab los ntawm kev ua hluav taws xob hluav taws xob" thiab "Gasometer" (ob qho tib si cuam tshuam nrog kev ya dav hlau, ua rau muaj cov lus hais loj) - rov qab mus rau thaum pib ntawm 30s. Tab sis thawj daim ntawv pov thawj kev cai lij choj, nthuav tawm rau Sudaev hauv xyoo 1934, tau cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim lub tshuab pneumatic rau tus kheej thauj khoom platform.
Drafted rau hauv Red Army hauv tib lub xyoo, Alexey tau ua haujlwm hauv cov tub rog kev tsheb nqaj hlau (tom qab ntawd nws tau txais tus neeg tsim khoom daim ntawv pov thawj rau kev tsim "Anti-theft"). Tom qab so haujlwm xyoo 1936 mus rau qhov tshwj tseg, nws nkag mus rau Gorky Industrial Institute, tab sis ob xyoos tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov mus rau Artillery Academy ntawm Red Army ntawm Kws Qhia Ntawv Riam Phom. Thaum nws kawm, nws tsim txoj haujlwm rau rab phom tsis siv neeg. Tus tuav daim ntawv kawm tiav nrog kev hwm, tus kws tshaj lij tub rog tub rog Sudaev raug xa mus rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Cov Caj Npab Me (NIPSVO). Thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, nws tau tsim qhov yooj yim-rau-tsim cov khoom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshuab-phom, tsim tawm ntawm cov tuam txhab Moscow. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws tsim qauv hluas tau ua ntej.
QHOV TSEEM CEEB
Dab tsi ua rau pom tus qauv tshiab ntawm rab phom submachine twb nyob hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog? PPSh, "thev naus laus zis" hais txog lub cim tshiab ntawm rab phom submachine, tsim los rau cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm (txias thooj av ntawm ntau qhov chaw, thim rov qab lub thom khwm, hloov rivets nrog vuam, txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov xov txuas), "tsim kho" khaws cia nta ntawm tiam dhau los thiab, tshwj xeeb, "carbine» Cov phiaj xwm nrog lub thawv ntoo. Ib qho ntxiv, PPSh loj heev - nrog lub nruas magazine nws hnyav 5, 3 kg, thiab nrog cov mos txwv puv puv (213 puag ncig hauv peb lub nruas ntawv xov xwm) - ntau dua 9.
Kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm PPSh thaum pib xyoo 1942 tau tsim los kom yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom. Lub caij no, nws qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg tau dhau los ua qhov tsis yooj yim rau ntau pawg ntawm cov tub rog tshawb nrhiav (thiab cov tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav tau sim muab cov phom submachine rau lawv), cov neeg caij nkoj, cov neeg ua haujlwm tso tsheb hlau luam, cov neeg tsav nkoj, thiab lwm yam Muaj tseeb, cov ntawv xov xwm nruas ("disk") yog tau ntxiv los ntawm lub thawv ntawv zoo li cov ntawv xov xwm twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1942 ("horn"), tab sis PPSh nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog lub teeb thiab cov qauv me me rau tib 7.62 hli rab yaj phom.
Kev sib tw rau rab phom submachine hnyav tau tshaj tawm thaum ntxov xyoo 1942. Tus qauv tshiab yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
-hnyav 2, 5-3 kg tsis muaj ntawv xov xwm, thiab nrog mos txwv tsis pub ntau tshaj 6-6, 5 kg;
-muaj qhov ntev ntawm 700-750 mm nrog rov qab rov qab thiab 550-600 mm nrog lub taub hau quav;
- siv lub thawv ntawv xov xwm rau 30-35 puag ncig ntawm hom txais rau PPSh;
-kom muaj qhov hluav taws kub txo mus rau 400-500 rds / min, yog li qhov txo qis hauv qhov hnyav ntawm lub system tsis ua rau qhov tseeb raug (rau PPD thiab PPSh uas twb muaj lawm tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 1000-1100 rds / min), lub muzzle compensator ua haujlwm tib lub hom phiaj, tib lub sijhawm tiv thaiv lub thoob los ntawm kev sib kis;
- kom yooj yim rau txhua ceg ntawm cov tub rog.
Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog los txhim kho kev tsim khoom, uas yog ntuj rau riam phom uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv kev ua tsov rog nyuaj. Kev tsim khoom ntawm PCA zoo li twb tsis txaus lawm (cov hlau pov tseg yog 60-70% ntawm qhov hnyav hnyav, ntau qhov haujlwm ntxiv xav tau lub txaj ntoo). Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom feem ntau los ntawm kev thim nyiaj, tsis tas yuav ua cov tshuab ntxiv, nrog lub zog nruab nrab ntawm cov cuab yeej nias, txhawm rau txo tus naj npawb ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm rau ib qho qauv mus rau 3-3.5 teev, thiab pov tseg cov hlau- tsis pub ntau dua 30- 40%.
Kev sib tw tau dhau los ua ib tus neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws - txog 30 tus qauv, tsim ob qho los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv nto moo: V. A. Degtyarev, G. S. Shpagin, S. A. Korovin, N. G. Rukavishnikov, thiab tsis tshua muaj neeg nto npe: N. G Menshikov -Shkvornikov, BA Goroneskul, AA Zaitsev (tom qab tus tsim qauv no yuav koom nrog hauv kev kho Kalashnikov phom ntev), thiab lwm yam. Cov haujlwm tseem tau txais los ntawm cov tub rog nquag. Hauv kev tsim ntawm ntau lub phom xa mus, kev cuam tshuam ntawm German MR.38 thiab MR.40 tau hnov.
Thawj qhov kev sim tau tshwm sim ntawm NIPSVO thaum lub Ob Hlis lig - thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1942. Kev mloog zoo tau coj mus rau qhov piv txwv ntawm V. A. Degtyarev thiab tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Artillery Academy of Technician-Lieutenant I. K. Bezruchko-Vysotsky. Cov phom submachine tom kawg yog qhov txawv los ntawm thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, lub siab xav siv thoob plaws kev siv lub thwj cim, nqaws thiab qhov chaw vuam, uas sib haum rau thawj qhov xav tau. Bezruchko-Vysotsky tau hais kom hloov kho riam phom, tib lub sijhawm, nws cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws tau pom zoo kom siv los ntawm tus tub ceev xwm ntawm NIPSVO, tus kws tshaj lij tub rog ntawm qib 3 A. Sudaev, hauv nws qhov kev sim phom submachine. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg, txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias Sudaev tus qauv siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cuab yeej ntawm lub tshuab siv hluav taws xob hauv lub xov tooj thiab siv lub tshuab luam ntawv rov qab ntawm Bezruchko-Vysotsky tus qauv, tag nrho nws yog qhov kev tsim qauv ywj pheej.
Twb tau nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 1942, qhov kev sim tshiab Sudaev submachine rab phom tau tsim hauv NIPSVO Rhiav, thiab thaum kawg lub Plaub Hlis - pib lub Tsib Hlis nws dhau qhov kev sim ua haujlwm nrog rau cov khoom ntawm Degtyarev, Korovin, Rukavishnikov, Zaitsev, Ogorodnikov, tus qauv thib ob Bezruchko-Vysotsky: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim? Tsis ntev, tus qauv "tagnrho-hlau" tshiab ntawm Shpagin, PPSh-2, tau xa mus kuaj. Artkom GAU thaum Lub Rau Hli 17 txiav txim siab sim cov qauv ntawm Shpagin, Sudaev thiab Bezruchko-Vysotsky. Txog thaum ib nrab Lub Xya Hli, PPSh-2 ntawm Shpagin thiab PPS ntawm Sudaev tau mus txog qhov kawg ntawm kev sib tw (nco tseg cov sijhawm kawg rau qhov ua haujlwm zoo). Raws li cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem thaum Lub Xya Hli 9-13, cov kws qhia ntawv tau lees paub tias yog tus zoo tshaj plaws. "Nws tsis muaj lwm qhov sib tw sib tw," lub luag haujlwm tau xaus. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 28, 1942, rab phom submachine tau xa rau GKO kev pom zoo. Nws tau pom zoo kom pib ua ntu zus ntawm cov qauv raug xaiv ua PPS-42 txhawm rau sim cov thev naus laus zis.
Leningrad tau tawm tsam thiab ua haujlwm
Feem ntau nws tau hais tias rab phom submachine tau tsim nyob hauv ib puag ncig Leningrad. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb. Qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1942, kev tsim khoom ntawm PPS tau ua tiav los ntawm Moscow cog. V. D. Kalmykov, uas tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev txhim kho rab phom submachine thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau nws.
Lub sijhawm ntawd, Sudaev tau raug xa mus rau sab qaum teb peev ntawm Russia rau tsob ntoo uas muaj npe tom qab V. I. A. Kulakov, qhov chaw uas nws ua haujlwm txij xyoo 1942 txog rau Lub Rau Hli 1943. Tam sim no nws yog ib txwm coj los hais lus ntawm Leningrad ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb yog "lub nroog tuag". Tab sis lub nroog tsis tsuas yog "tuag tawm", nws tseem tawm tsam thiab ua haujlwm. Nws xav tau riam phom, uas yuav tsum tau tsim ntawm no siv cov khoom tsim khoom seem. Txij li thaum xaus xyoo 1941, hauv Leningrad, kev tsim cov phom PPD-40 submachine ntawm Degtyarev system tau pib, tab sis nws xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom nrog cov hlau tseem ceeb pov tseg. Ib qho txuj ci tshwj xeeb PPP tau zoo dua rau qhov no.
Kev khiav tawm mus rau Leningrad Sestroretsk cog npe tom qab SP Voskov, cog rau lawv. Kulakova (qhov twg PPD -40 tau tsim yav dhau los) thiab Primus artel hauv tsuas yog peb lub hlis tau paub txog kev tsim khoom ntawm PPP - ib qho xwm txheej tshwj xeeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm riam phom, uas nyob hauv nws tus kheej hais txog kev xav thiab tsim khoom ntawm kev tsim qauv. Peb kuj yuav tsum xav txog cov xwm txheej uas qhov no tau ua tiav: foob pob, foob pob, thiab teeb meem zaub mov txaus ntshai. Lub nroog ntawm Neva twb muaj sia nyob thawj xyoo ntawm kev thaiv, poob ntau tus neeg nyob hauv, muaj tsawg heev tsis yog tsuas yog cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj thiab cov kws tshaj lij, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm tsis muaj txuj ci. Ib qho piv txwv: thaum tsob ntoo "Metallist", uas tsim cov khoom rau cov neeg qhia ua haujlwm, xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm, tsuas yog 20 tus neeg xiam oob qhab ntawm pab pawg II thiab III, kaum ob tus poj niam hnub nyoog 50 thiab ntau tus tub ntxhais hluas tuaj yeem xaiv tau.
Txawm li cas los xij, riam phom tau mus ua ntu zus. Kev xeem tub rog ntawm PPS tau muaj nyob ntawd, ntawm Leningrad pem hauv ntej, rab phom submachine tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov thawj coj. Alexey Ivanovich tsis tsuas yog saib cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, tab sis tseem tau mus ncig rau cov haujlwm nquag ntawm Karelian Isthmus, tus choj Oranienbaum kom pom nws rab phom ua haujlwm. Thaum xyoo 1943, 46,572 phom ntev tau tsim hauv Leningrad.
Hauv chav kawm ntawm kev tsim khoom, tau hloov pauv rau qhov tsim. Lub qhov rooj yog qhov hnyav thiab thev naus laus zis yooj yim. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tw mainspring tau qhia, uas nws tau txuas nrog rau ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Txhawm rau kom muaj zog ntau dua, lub thawv ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau thim los ntawm 2 hli steel ntawv tsis yog 1.5 hli, tab sis thaum lub thoob tau luv (los ntawm 270 txog 250 mm) thiab nws cov ntaub thaiv, qhov riam phom hloov pauv me ntsis. Raws li hom thib ob tsab qauv ntawm Bezruchko -Vysotsky, lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv nyiaj tau raug tshem tawm - nws lub luag haujlwm tam sim no tau ua los ntawm cov lus qhia pas nrig ntawm lub ntsiab lus sib tw. Cov duab ntawm tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub taub hau fuse tau hloov pauv, lub taub qab tau luv dua.
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 20, 1943, los ntawm GKO txoj cai, 7, 62-mm submachine gun ntawm A. I. Sudaev ntawm xyoo 1943 tus qauv (PPS-43) tau txais. Rau txoj haujlwm no, Alexei Ivanovich tau txais khoom plig Stalin ntawm qib II, kev koom tes ntawm Bezruchko-Vysotsky tau txais qhov Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Red Banner.
RECOGNITION LOS NTAWM QHOV TSEEB
Qhov riam phom lub tshuab ua haujlwm rov los ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj dawb. Lub thoob tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khawm. Lub tom kawg tau pivotally txuas nrog lub thawv rau lub thawv thiab, thaum disassembled, tau quav rov qab thiab tawm. Kev tuav tes rov qab tau nyob ntawm sab xis. Cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau txav mus rau hauv lub thawv ntsia liaj qhov rooj nrog qhov sib txawv, so qhov qis dua tsuas yog ntawm cov quav ntawm lub thawv, uas nce kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej qias neeg.
Los ntawm kev nce txoj kab uas hla ntawm chav, qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis rho tawm lossis tawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv daim cartridge tau raug txo. Vim yog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab los, nws muaj peev xwm tso tau lub ntsiab lus sib txuas ntev nrog ntau tus neeg tig hauv lub thawv swb. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm tso cai tsuas yog siv hluav taws xwb. Kev nce mus los ntawm shutter ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo dua qub thiab txo tus nqi hluav taws mus rau 650-700 rds / min (piv rau 1000-1100 rau PPSh), uas ua rau nws ua tau, nrog rau qee qhov txuj ci, txhawm rau txiav tawm tsis tsuas yog tawg ntho, tab sis kuj tseem txhaj ib zaug nrog nias luv ntawm tus ntsuas.
Ua ke nrog lub muzzle nres-them nyiaj thiab qhov chaw zoo ntawm rab yaj phom tuav thiab cov ntawv xov xwm caj pas (siv ua ntej tuav), qhov no pab tswj hwm PPS. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem ntev-ntev ntawm rab phom submachine nrog kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm sab nraub qaum yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kaw los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav, uas coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim tsis siv neeg. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, PPS tau nruab nrog kev tuav pov hwm kev nyab xeeb uas thaiv lub tshuab ua haujlwm, thiab ntxiv rau, thaiv lub qhov ntawm lub thawv swb thiab thaiv lub qhov rooj nyob rau pem hauv ntej lossis tom qab. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm fuse hauv PPS tau ntseeg tau ntau dua li ntawm PPSh.
Qhov tig-flop pom muaj qhov pom ntawm 100 thiab 200 m, uas sib haum rau qhov kev tua hluav taws kom ua tiav nrog rab phom rab yaj phom. Lub taub qab tau khawm nce thiab nqis. PPS tau nruab nrog rau cov ntawv xov xwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 35 puag ncig, hnav hauv ob lub hnab. Nrog lub mos txwv hnyav hnyav ntawm 210 ncig hauv 6 lub khw, PPS hnyav 6, 82 kg (ntau dua 2 kg tsawg dua PPSh).
Hais txog kev sib ntaus zoo - muaj peev xwm tua tau ntau, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws - PPS tsis qis dua PPSh, tab sis hais txog kev tsim khoom nws tau zoo dua. Kev txias txias ntawm qhov chaw (txog ib nrab ntawm cov ntu tau ua nrog nws), qhov tsawg kawg ntawm qhov kaw, qhov txo qis ntawm cov axis, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom ua tau yooj yim heev. Kev tsim tawm ntawm ib PPSh xav tau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 7, 3 lub tshuab ua haujlwm thiab 13, 9 kg ntawm cov hlau, ib PPS-43-ntsig txog 2, 7 teev thiab 6, 2 kg (hlau pov tseg tsis ntau dua 48%). Tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau PPSh yog 87, rau PPS - 73. Thiab niaj hnub no leej twg uas tau coj PPS hauv lawv txhais tes tsis tuaj yeem tab sis txaus siab rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim ntawm nws tsim, uas tsis mus txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thawj. PPS tau dhau los ua qhov yooj yim heev rau cov neeg soj xyuas, cov tub rog caij nkoj, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus, cov phom ntev, cov phom loj, cov tub rog paratroopers, cov teeb liab, cov pab pawg.
Sudayev, rov qab mus rau NIPSVO, txuas ntxiv txhim kho rab phom submachine, txhim kho cuaj tus qauv - nrog cov khoom ntoo, nrog rau qhov nce ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, nrog cov tais diav ntim quav, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis lawv tsis mus ua ntu zus.
Xyoo 1944, Aleksey Ivanovich yog thawj tus ntawm cov kws tsim khoom hauv tsev pib ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom rab phom chambered rau lub zog nruab nrab, uas tau xav tias yuav hloov rab phom submachine, thiab mus deb txaus. Xyoo 1945, Sudaev AS-44 phom ntev twb twb raug tub rog sim lawm. Tab sis thaum Lub Yim Hli 17, 1946, Tus kws tshaj lij loj tshaj plaws AS Sudaev, tom qab mob hnyav, tuag hauv Tsev Kho Mob Kremlin thaum muaj hnub nyoog 33 xyoos.
PPS txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm kom txog thaum nruab nrab-50s, tab sis pom nws tus kheej hauv ntau yam kev tsis sib haum thiab ntau tom qab. Raws li tau hais los saud, nws tau lees paub tias yog rab phom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob hais txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tawm dag zog, thev naus laus zis, kev tsim khoom, kev lag luam thiab yam ntxwv ua haujlwm. Thiab "daim ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev lees paub yog kev coj ua." Finns twb tau tsim xyoo 1944 pib tsim M44, daim ntawv theej ntawm PPS chambered rau 9-hli Parabellum cartridge. Luam theej tawm PPP hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Hauv tebchaws Spain, xyoo 1953, rab phom DUX-53 zoo li txawv me ntsis los ntawm PPS thiab M44, uas tau nkag mus ua haujlwm nrog tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm ciam teb ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Tebchaws Yelemees. Tom qab ntawd, twb tau nyob hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, lub tuam txhab Mauser tau tshaj tawm qhov hloov kho ntawm DUX-59 (thiab PPS-43 tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog GDR nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd). Hauv Suav teb, daim ntawv theej ntawm PPS -43 tau ua raws li hom 43, hauv tebchaws Poland - wz.1943 thiab kev hloov kho wz.1943 / 52 nrog lub taub ntoo ruaj khov.
HAUV ZOO SIAB
Qhov tseeb tias 22-xyoo-laus tus neeg tua hluav taws tanker Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov pib nws txoj haujlwm ua tus kws tsim phom, tsawg kawg nrog hom riam phom no, hais txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm rab phom submachine me me nyob hauv qhov muag ntawm cov tub rog pem hauv ntej. Qhov tseeb, nws cov qauv tsis koom nrog hauv kev sib tw rau rab phom submachine tshiab, thiab nws yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem ua raws nws.
Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1941, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ze Bryansk, MT Kalashnikov tau raug mob hnyav. Thaum tau txais kev so rau-lub hlis tawm ntawm lub tsev kho mob thaum pib xyoo 1942, nws tau ua raws li kev siv lub tshuab rab phom submachine nrog kev rov qab tsis siv neeg raws li lub tshuab rov qab uas nws tau xeeb tub. Qhov "hlau" tau teeb tsa hauv kev cob qhia ntawm Matai chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau. Tus kab mob no tseem tsis tau dim.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Nruab Nrab ntawm Pawg Sab Laj (Bolsheviks) ntawm Kazakhstan, Kaishangulov, Kalashnikov tuaj yeem hloov txoj haujlwm mus rau kev cob qhia ntawm Moscow Aviation Institute, uas tau khiav tawm hauv Alma-Ata. Ntawm no nws tau txais kev pab los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm kws qhia ntawv ntawm rab phom loj thiab rab phom me A. I. Kazakov: pab pawg ua haujlwm me tau tsim los ntawm kev coj ua ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv laus E. P. Eruslanov.
Qhov piv txwv thib ob ntawm rab phom submachine muaj lub tshuab ua haujlwm raws li qhov rov qab ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj nrog qhov rov qab qeeb qeeb siv ob lub xov tooj cua ntsia hlau txuas tom qab ntawm ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Kev tuav cov khoom thauj tau nyob ntawm sab laug. Lub taub hau (tus txais) lub thawv thiab lub thav duab tau txuas nrog sib piv rau ib leeg. Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav tom qab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshawb nrhiav, uas tuav tus nruas nyob hauv txoj hauj lwm cocked, tau muab ntsia rau hauv tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab muab tua tawm thaum nws los txog rau txoj haujlwm loj heev rau tom ntej, uas yog, nws tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv kev nyab xeeb tsis siv neeg. Tus neeg txhais lus fuse yog hom chij, hauv "fuse" txoj haujlwm nws thaiv qhov ua rau. Qhov pom pom ntawm qhov chaw tau nce mus txog 500 meters.
PPS-43 TACTICAL THIAB TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Cartridge 7, 62 x 25 TT
Qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom nrog cov cartridges 3, 67 kg
Ntev:
- nrog cov khoom ntim 616 mm
- nrog cov ntawv nthuav tawm 831 hli
Ntev ntev 250 hli
Cov mos txwv mos txwv tshaj tawm 500 m / s
Tus nqi hluav taws 650-700 rds / min
Kev siv hluav taws zoo 100 rds / min
Sighting ntau 200 m
Lub peev xwm Magazine 35 puag ncig
Khoom noj khoom haus - los ntawm cov thawv ntawv zoo li lub thawv ntawv rau 30 ncig. Lub thoob tau npog nrog lub qhov txhab tawg, nco txog PPSh casing (lub hauv ntej bevel thiab lub qhov rai casing tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub qhov ncauj nres -them nyiaj), tab sis tubular hauv cov duab - ntau qhov tau ua ntawm tshuab dhos lossis milling tshuab. Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tes zoo ib yam li American Thompson rab phom submachine, khawm ntsaws rau pem hauv ntej thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg tua neeg ntawm lub raj qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm rov qab - German MR.38 thiab MR.40.
Ib daim qauv ntawm rab phom submachine tau xa mus rau Samarkand thaum Lub Rau Hli 1942, qhov chaw uas Red Army Artillery Academy tau khiav tawm. Lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm caj npab me, Lieutenant General A. A. kev lag luam, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov teeb meem txuj ci ". Cov lus txib ntawm Central Asian Military District tau xa Kalashnikov mus rau GAU txhawm rau sim rab phom submachine ntawm NIPSVO. Raws li txoj cai ntawm kev pov tseg ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 9, 1943, qhov riam phom tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis "… hauv nws daim ntawv tam sim no nws tsis yog kev lag luam txaus nyiam", txawm hais tias txoj cai tau sau tseg "kev nkim nyiaj ob tog": qhov hnyav tsawg, luv ntev, hluav taws ib zaug, kev sib xyaw ua tiav ntawm tus neeg txhais lus thiab lub fuse, kev cog ntoo kom huv. Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, lub phom submachine Sudaev twb tau tsim thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tus qauv ntawm cov neeg tshiab thiab tseem tsis muaj kev tsim qauv tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog nws.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw xeem tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txoj hmoo ntxiv ntawm yav tom ntej ob zaug Hero ntawm Socialist Labor - muaj kev txhim kho kev ntsuas pib, tsim chaw lis haujlwm, sau ntau cov riam phom me me, thiab cov kws tshaj lij tsim nyog. Ntawm NIPSVO, Kalashnikov muaj sijhawm los ntsib Sudaev. Ntau xyoo tom qab, Mikhail Timofeevich yuav sau: "Kev tsim qauv tsim ntawm Alexei Ivanovich Sudaev tau nyob hauv lub hauv paus ntawm tsuas yog plaub lossis tsib xyoos. Tab sis lub sijhawm no nws tau tswj kom mus txog qhov siab hauv kev tsim riam phom, uas lwm tus tsim qauv tsis tau npau suav txog hauv lawv lub neej tag nrho."
