Qhov kawg ntawm 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov lus txib ntawm Red Army tshaj tawm kev sib tw rau kev tsim rab phom tsis siv neeg. Lub rab yaj phom tshiab, raws li xeeb los ntawm cov lus txib, yog kom siv tau yooj yim, ntseeg tau, tau kawg, tsis siv neeg thiab thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim khoom. Kev tshaj tawm kev sib tw yog nyob hauv kev tswj hwm tus kheej ntawm Cov Neeg Commissar Voroshilov thiab Tus Thawj Coj Loj-Thawj-Tus Thawj Coj Stalin.
Cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Soviet tau pib tsim rab yaj phom tshiab. Tus kws tshaj lij rab phom Fyodor Vasilievich Tokarev, uas sawv cev rau Tula Arms Factory, kuj tau koom nrog hauv kev sib tw.
Fedor Vasilievich Tokarev
Ua ntej, Tokarev, raws li Asmeskas Colt 1911, tsim rab yaj phom hnyav hnyav rau ntawm 30 Mauser daim cartridge ntawm 7.62 mm, ntev 25 mm. Qhov kev txiav txim siab hla Asmeskas Colt nrog tus saib xyuas German Mauser tau ua los ntawm Tokarev rau ob qhov laj thawj. Ua ntej, cov cartridges ntawm caliber 45 ACP (11, 43 mm) siv hauv Colt tsis tau tsim tawm hauv USSR. Qhov thib ob, cov phom rau rab phom nyob hauv qab 7.62 hli tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov phom tsis zoo ntawm peb kab kab, nrog rau tsim cais, ntau lub chaw tsim riam phom muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau cov laj thawj no, thiab thev naus laus zis tau tsim tau zoo.
Koj 1911
Qhov ua rau rab phom hnyav, hnyav thiab kim rau kev tsim, txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem tua ob leeg txhaj tshuaj thiab tawg ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 700 meters. Nws tsis dhau qhov kev xeem, pawg tub rog nruj tau tsis lees txais cov qauv, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tau muab cov lus pom zoo rau kev txhim kho cov qauv.
Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv, kev tsim kho tshiab "Colt 1911" ntawm xyoo 1921 tau raug coj los ua qauv. Qhov hloov kho tshiab thib ob ntawm Tokarev rab yaj phom tau txais los ntawm nws cov neeg ua ntej ua tiav kev teeb tsa, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab cov xim zoo nkauj, thaum dhau los ua qhov sib dua, yooj yim dua thiab thev naus laus zis ntau dua.
Tsis zoo li nws "Pope" Colt, uas muaj ob lub tshuab xauv kev nyab xeeb, Tokarev rab yaj phom tsis muaj, uas yooj yim heev rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem. Lub cim tseem ceeb tau muab tso rau hauv tus txhais nws tus kheej. Thaum tus rauj raug tsoo mus rau plaub lub hlis, nws xauv lub hau ntswj, tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob raug tua. Thiab tus txhais nws tus kheej tau tsim los ntawm txoj kev sib txawv kiag li - ib hom kaw ib nrab, nrog lub log sib tsoo.
Ntxiv nrog rau rab phom Tokarev, rab phom los ntawm ob tus kws tsim khoom hauv Soviet, Prilutsky thiab Korovin, ntxiv rau rab phom txawv teb chaws los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam uas paub phom Walter, Browning thiab Luger (Parabellum) tau nthuav tawm ntawm qhov kev xeem.
Tokarev rab yaj phom hla txhua tus neeg sib tw thiab, raws li cov txiaj ntsig, tau lees paub tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Tus tshiab rab phom tau txais lub npe "7, 62-mm rab yaj phom ntawm 1930 tus qauv" thiab tau txais los ntawm Red Army, qhov uas nws tau txais nws cov lus dab neeg, paub zoo dua thoob ntiaj teb, lub npe tsis raug cai "TT" (Tula Tokarev). Dhau peb xyoos tom ntej no, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tsis raug tau raug tshem tawm.
Cov phom me kuj muaj qhov tsis xws luag tsim. Yog li, txoj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg tso cai tso cai rau txhaj tshuaj yam tsis xav tau, lub khw qee zaum poob thaum lub sijhawm tsis zoo tshaj plaws, cov kab xev tau khov thiab txhaws. Cov peev txheej qis (200-300 txhaj tshuaj) thiab kev ntseeg tau qis ua rau muaj kev thuam ncaj ncees. Ib daim cartridge uas muaj zog, npaj ntau rau rab phom submachine, hauv "TT" sai tsoo lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg thuam ntawm rab phom tshiab hu ua ib qho ntawm nws qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau los ntawm nws los ntawm lub tank: vim yog tus yam ntxwv tsim, rab phom ntawm rab phom tsis nkag mus rau hauv phom phom.
Tom qab peb xyoos ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab, cov tub rog tau txais "TT" tshiab (qauv 1933), uas tau dhau los ua Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Hauv kev ua tsov rog no, qhov tsis zoo ntawm "TT" tau qhia tawm - qhov muaj peev xwm me me. Lub mos txwv ntawm 7, 62 mm caliber, txawm hais tias nws muaj qhov nrawm, tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam uas tshwm sim hauv 9 mm German rab yaj phom. Nws kuj tau dhau los ua qhov rhiab heev rau qhov kub tsis txias, kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub tshuab thiab cov pa phem. Cov neeg German muaj lub npe "TT" Pistole 615 (r), thiab lawv feem ntau siv siv "TT", txawm hais tias nws ua tsis tau zoo.
Tactical thiab yam ntxwv ntawm rab phom "TT" qauv 1933:
caliber, hli - 7, 62;
muzzle nrawm, m / s - 420;
qhov hnyav nrog cov ntawv xov xwm uas tsis muaj daim cartridges, kg - 0.845;
qhov hnyav nrog cov ntawv xov xwm, kg - 0.940;
tag nrho ntev, hli - 195;
chim ntev, hli - 116;
peev xwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, tus naj npawb ntawm cov cartridges - 8;
tus nqi hluav taws - 8 txhaj tshuaj hauv 10-15 sec.
Cov duab nto moo "Kombat"
Kev tsim khoom thiab hloov kho tshiab ntawm "TT" txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws hauv kev ua tsov rog thiab tom qab ua tsov rog. Qhov kev hloov kho zaum kawg tau ua tiav hauv xyoo 1950, kev sib dhos rab yaj phom tau pib los ntawm kev thim, ua rau cov riam phom ntau dua li thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim khoom.
Qhov ntim ntawm cov phom ntev "TT" hauv SSSR rau lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1933 txog rau thaum kawg ntawm kev tsim khoom yog kwv yees li ntawm 1,740,000 daim.
Xyoo 1951, Makarovsky PM ntawm Izhevsk Arms Plant tau saws. Kev tsim khoom ntawm "TT" tau tso tseg, nws lub sijhawm dhau los lawm.
Lub rab phom TT tau tsim tawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv. Hungary-Qauv 48 thiab TT-58 (Tokagipt-58), Nyab Laj, Egypt, Suav Teb (Qauv 59), Iraq, Poland, Yugoslavia, thiab lwm yam.
Tus qauv raug mob ntawm Tus Thawj Coj TT rab yaj phom tau muag hauv khw muag phom thaum lub sijhawm tam sim no. Lub tshuab pneumatic tau tsim tawm ntawm Izhevsk Mechanical Plant. Cov phom me "TT" tseem ua nyob hauv Suav teb.
