Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria

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Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria
Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria

Video: Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria

Video: Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria
Video: Xeev lau thiab zab taw dai ntu #4 26/8/2021 2024, Tej zaum
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Secrets ntawm ancient Russia. Ib qho zais ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Rus yog Khazar lo lus nug. Puas muaj Lavxias Khazaria lossis Khazar Kagan tus kav tebchaws Rus? Raws li Lavxias cov peev txheej ("Txoj Cai ntawm Txoj Cai thiab Kev Hlub" los ntawm Cheeb Tsam Hilarion), lub npe ntawm tus kav ntawm Rus tau paub: Vladimir thiab nws tus tub Yaroslav Tus Txawj Ntse tau hu ua kagans hauv qhov chaw no. Puas yog Khazars Turks, lossis lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov ethnos - Slavs -Rus?

Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria
Paub tsis meej ntawm Lavxias Khazaria

Qhov tsis paub txog keeb kwm ntawm Khazars

Cov Khazars raug suav hais tias yog cov neeg hais lus Turkic uas tau tshwm sim tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm Huns. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "Kev hais lus Turkic" ntawm Khazars raug nug. Cov laj thawj ntawm lawv "Türkic-hais lus" yog qhov yooj yim: txij li Khazars nyob hauv thaj tsam loj ntawm kev sib hais haum ntawm pab pawg ntawm pawg lus Türkic, nws txhais tau tias lawv yog Türks thiab hais lus Türkic. Txawm hais tias tib Finno-Ugrians tau nyob ntawm cov Slavs tau ntau txhiab xyoo, lawv muaj lawv tus kheej cov lus.

Cov keeb kwm ntawm Khazar Kaganate yog ib nplooj ntawv tsis paub tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntiaj teb. Khazaria yog ib lub sijhawm uas yog lub tebchaws muaj hwj chim loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, thiab cuam tshuam txog kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb. Nws yog qhov txaus siab yog tias txoj cai txawv teb chaws ntawm kaganate tau them los ntawm cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws, tom qab ntawd keeb kwm sab hauv tsis paub me ntsis. Cov ntawv keeb kwm Lavxias, suav nrog Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Bygone Xyoo, tshaj tawm yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi txog Khazaria. Txawm hais tias kev ua tsov rog nrog Khazars yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txoj cai ntawm thawj tus thawj ntawm Rurik dynasty.

Thaum pib, nyob rau xyoo VI, Khazars yog ib feem ntawm lub xeev ntawm Savirs (Savromats-Savri). Lub xeev Khazar nws tus kheej tau tsim nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm "Turkic faj tim teb chaws", thiab tau txais kev ywj pheej tom qab nws tawg (630 AD). Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txoj cai txiav txim siab tau tsim los ntawm kev ua vaj ntxwv ntawm Turkic keeb kwm. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj cai txiav txim siab tsis yog txhua tus neeg. Kev ua tiav ntawm Khazars los ntawm Savirs yog qhov zoo heev. Yog li cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb tau siv thaj av los ntawm cov roob ntawm North Caucasus nyob rau sab qab teb, mus rau Don phiab nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob, nrog rau lub phiab ntawm txoj cai-ntug dej ntawm Dnieper thiab Desna. Thiab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, lawv pom tias yog Volga, South Ural thiab Caspian steppes. Tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Turkic Kaganate, Khazaria nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam. Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm VII caug xyoo. ciam teb Khazar nthuav dav sab hnub poob mus rau sab qab teb Lavxias teb sab. Volga Bulgaria (Bulgaria) kuj tseem nyob hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Khazaria. Txog thaum nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua 9th, pab pawg ntawm Vyatichi thiab cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb tau them se rau Khazars. Ntawd yog, ciam teb ntawm Khazaria nyob rau sab qaum teb mus txog Moscow thiab Kazan.

Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias Khazaria los ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub, Caucasus thiab Caspian nyob rau sab qab teb mus rau Dnieper nyob rau sab hnub poob, Nruab Nrab Volga nyob rau Sab Qaum Teb thiab Urals nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ua ke nrog Sarmatia thaum ub, paub los ntawm keeb kwm. Qhov tseeb, Khazaria yog tus qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Sarmatia, tsuas yog nws cov neeg tseem ceeb yog haiv neeg Turkic, thiab tom qab ntawd kuj tau lees txais Judaism.

Cov lus nug yog leej twg yog Khazars zoo tib yam, feem coob ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Kaganate. L. N. Gumilev tau qhia tias Khazars yog cov neeg muaj keeb kwm (haiv neeg ib txwm muaj) nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Caucasus, uas nkag mus rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog Turkic faj tim teb chaws thiab tau txais lub zog tom qab nws tawg. Tab sis tsis muaj "North Caucasian" nta hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm Khazaria. Tsis tas li hauv Caucasus tsis muaj kev nco txog lub xeev no thiab cov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Khazars. Qee tus kws tshawb fawb koom nrog Khazars nrog Khorezm lossis Khorasan (nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Iran). Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm Khorezm thiab thaj chaw ntawm Aral steppes mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj European Plain tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm hu ua. "Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw". Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias Khazars yog Neeg Esxias Central Scythians-Sarmatians uas tawm hauv thaj av Herzem los ntawm Turks.

Lub npe haiv neeg "Khazars-Azars-Arazy" hais txog Indo-European, pom nyob rau Indian thiab Western Asian mythology, ntxiv rau hauv Don dab neeg-nws cuam tshuam nrog cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Don Cossacks (EP Savelyev. Ancient keeb kwm ntawm Cossacks)). Tus kws sau keeb kwm Yu. Petukhov tau hais qhia (Yu. Petukhov. Rus of Eurasia) tias Khazars tuaj txog ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj, los ntawm thaj tsam yav dhau los ntawm Assyria-Assuria. Lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm Cov Neeg Semites, yog li Judaism ntawm lawv cov neeg tseem ceeb. Cov Assur cov xeem uas xav khaws lawv tus kheej sab laug mus rau sab qaum teb. Yog li lawv tau xaus rau hauv Khazaria, uas lawv tau muab lawv lub npe rau. Tom qab tag nrho, "Assur" thiab "Khazar" yog ib lub ntsiab lus sib txawv hauv kev hais tawm txawv. Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Khazaria, lawv tau nqus ntau tus neeg hauv pawg neeg Turkic hauv zos. Cov Assurs tsim qhov thib ob Assyria-Assuria ntawm ntug dej ntawm Volga. Thaum Khazaria tuag, Khazars dhau los ua ib feem ntawm pawg neeg ntawm Rus thiab Turks.

Khazars thiab Rus yog ib feem ntawm ib tus super-ethnos

Hauv txhua qhov chaw Greek, Khazars tshwm raws li Scythians. Cov neeg Greek (Byzantines, Loos) tseem hu cov Russians-Rus ua Scythians thiab Tavro-Scythians. Hauv Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Bygone Xyoo, tsis yog Khazars hu ua Scythians, tab sis kuj yog pab pawg neeg Lavxias - Great Scythia. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv keeb kwm Lavxias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog "lus txawv teb chaws" ntawm Khazars cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg Lavxias. Hauv lwm qhov chaw, Scythians tau hu ncaj qha rau cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Lavxias thiab Slavs. Leej twg yog tus paub tsis meej Khazars?

Cov neeg Lavxias thiab Khazars tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Arab qhov chaw "Sau Cov Keeb Kwm" (1126). Muaj dab neeg hais tias "Rus thiab Khazar yog los ntawm tib leej niam thiab txiv. Tom qab ntawd Rus loj hlob thiab, vim nws tsis muaj qhov chaw uas nws nyiam, nws tau sau ntawv mus rau Khazar thiab thov nws rau ib feem ntawm nws lub tebchaws los nyob ntawd. " Ntawd yog, cov dab neeg no qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg Lavxias (Rus) thiab Khazars thiab keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias lub xeev los ntawm qhov tob ntawm Khazar Kaganate.

Tus kws sau keeb kwm keeb kwm Al-Masoudi tshaj tawm tias muaj ntau tus kws txiav txim plaub ntug hauv Khazar peev: ob rau cov neeg Muslim, ob tus rau Khazars, uas raug txiav txim raws li Torah (Pentateuch ntawm Mauxes), ob rau cov ntseeg, thiab ib tus rau Slavs, Rus thiab pagans. Raws li tus kws sau ntawv tib yam, cov neeg Muslim hauv kaganate feem ntau yog cov tub rog ua tub rog hauv kev pabcuam kagan thiab cov tub lag luam, cov neeg Yudais stratum kuj me me. Qhov tseeb, cov neeg Yudais thiab cov neeg Muslim tau tsim los ua cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm Khazaria. Cov pej xeem tseem ceeb ntawm Khazaria tau ua los ntawm "pagans". Nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias Khazars zoo ib yam yog cov ntseeg pawg ntseeg.

Masudi kuj tau tshaj tawm tias ntawm cov neeg tsis ntseeg Khazaria muaj Slavs thiab Rus, "lawv hlawv lawv cov neeg tuag nrog rau lawv cov nees, tais diav thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj …" Masudi piav qhia tsis yog Slavic-Lavxias, tab sis Scythian kev pam tuag. Kev faus neeg tau txais los ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub poob Slavno-Rus, tab sis lawv tsis lees txais kev faus neeg nrog tus nees (cov neeg nyob hauv thaj tsam hav zoov muaj ob peb tus nees); cov Baltic Varangians-Rus feem ntau hlawv lub nkoj. Los ntawm Scythians, tau faus nrog tus nees hauv qab lub qhov ntxa lossis hlawv nrog tus nees (Priazov Scythians) tau txais.

Yog li, Rus thiab Slavs tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm Khazaria, thiab yog xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Scythian-Sarmatian cov pejxeem ntawm Azov, Don, Kuban thiab Pre-Caucasian steppes. Archaeology lees paub qhov no. Monuments teej tug mus rau Slavs ntawm thaum ntxov Nrab Hnub nyoog tau pom hauv Sarkel (Belaya Vezha) ntawm Don, hauv Tmutarakan ntawm Taman, hauv Korchev (Kerch), ntawm cov kob Berezan, hauv qis dua ntawm Volga (VV Mavrodin). Keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg Lavxias). Tsis yog "cais pawg ntawm Slavs", raws li cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm qhov luv luv ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm xav qhia, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Khazaria. Qhov tseeb "Khazar" cov cim, tsis hais lawv nyuaj npaum li cas, tsis pom.

Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas tus tub huabtais Lavxias Vladimir Svyatoslavovich thiab Yaroslav Vladimirovich raug hu ua kagans, tus kav tebchaws Rus. Grand Duke Svyatoslav Igorevich swb thiab kov yeej Khazaria. Kev hais lus Turkic thiab cov neeg Yudais txoj cai txiav txim siab tau raug puas tsuaj lossis khiav tawm. Thiab feem coob ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Khazaria - Slavs thiab Rus - dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias lub xeev. Khazaria dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Russia. Yog li ntawd, Vladimir thiab Yaroslav, raws li cov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Svyatoslav, tau dhau los ua neeg kagans, txij li Khazaria tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm lub xeev Lavxias. Suffice nws kom nco qab yuav ua li cas tom qab lub npe ntawm thaj av tshiab txuas ntxiv tau ntxiv rau lub npe ntawm Lavxias Grand Duke lossis Tsar-Emperor.

Khazars, zoo li Rus ntawm Kiev lossis Chernigov, yog xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Scythians, txais los ntawm Great Scythia-Sarmatia. Tsuas yog cov neeg Lavxias-neeg Lavxias yog "pob tw" ntawm cov tsiaj txhu loj heev, thiab Khazars yog "ntxhais" haiv neeg uas tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm Turks thiab Semites. Rus tau tsim lub tebchaws tshiab-lub zog, txuas ntxiv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm yav qaum teb kev vam meej yav dhau los, thiab Khazaria poob, Khazars raug kev puas tsuaj thiab ploj mus. Yog lawm, lawv tsis ploj mus kiag li, Khazars tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm haiv neeg Lavxias thiab Turks.

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