Nrhiav los ntawm dav hlau, maj nrawm ntawm pab pawg poob siab ntawm White Guards, Redneck pawg tub rog tau swb tag. Cov chav liab, raug kev txom nyem hnyav thiab poob ntau ntawm cov khoom, khiav hauv pab pawg me mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj.
Kev tawm tsam ntawm 13th Soviet Army
Tom qab kev ua tiav ntawm Wrangel cov tub rog Lavxias los ntawm Crimea mus rau Tavria, kev sib ntaus sib tua txuas ntxiv mus yam tsis muaj kev ncua. Dawb tseem tau sim tawm tsam, tab sis lawv qhov kev tawm tsam tau qaug zog. Txog rau Lub Rau Hli 19, 1920, Wrangel cov tub rog tau mus txog Dnieper - Orekhov - Berdyansk kab. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 24, Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb tsaws tsaws tau ntes Berdyansk tau ob hnub. Los ntawm Hiav Txwv Azov mus rau Gnadenfeld lub zos, Don Corps tau nyob: Qhov thib ob (tau teeb tsa ntawm nees) thiab ntu thib peb (ntawm ko taw). Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hwm ntawm pawg thib 2 ntawm Slashchev tau nyob: qhov kev faib ua feem 34 thiab 13, 1st pawg ntawm Kutepov thiab Cavalry cov tub rog ntawm Barbovich. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub zos Mikhailovka, muaj Drozdovskaya faib ntawm General Vitkovsky thiab 2nd Cavalry ntawm General Morozov, hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub zos Bolshaya Belozerka - Kuban faib. Sab laug ntawm Kuban yog ib pab tub rog ib txwm muaj, nrog lub hauv paus hauv Verkhniy Rogachik. Kev sib cais ntawm Markovskaya thiab Kornilovskaya tau nyob sib nrug Kakhovka hauv thaj tsam Dmitrovka-Natalino. Cov kab hauv ntej ntawm Kakhovka mus rau Dnieper lub qhov ncauj tau nyob los ntawm 1st Cavalry Division. Ntawm kab no, Cov Neeg Dawb rub lub nraub qaum, rov ua kom cov chav uas tau raug kev txom nyem hnyav poob, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lawv tus kheej.
Lub caij no, Soviet cov lus txib tau npaj rau kev tawm tsam. Kev swb yeej pab tub rog Soviet hnub tim 13 tau rov kho dua, txhawb ntxiv mus, peb faib phom thiab ob pab tub rog raug xa mus. 1st Separate Cavalry Corps ntawm Redneck (tsim los ntawm Dumenko lub cev) tau pauv los ntawm North Caucasus. Hloov kho thiab ua kom tiav, cov tub rog tub rog muaj 12 txhiab sabers thiab bayonets, 6 lub tsheb tiv thaiv thiab rab phom loj. Eideman tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog thib 13 es tsis yog tus thawj coj yawg Pauki.
Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev paub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Denikin los ntawm kev tsoo los ntawm pem hauv ntej nrog cov xov tooj muaj zog, Soviet cov lus txib tau npaj los txiav tawm cov yeeb ncuab los ntawm Crimea nrog kev sib ntaus, tshem tawm thiab rhuav tshem Pab Tub Rog Dawb hauv Tavria. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm pab tub rog, Crimea dawb tau tuag. Qhov kev hais kom ua ntawm pab tub rog thib 13 tau tsim ob pab pawg tsis txaus ntseeg: 1) Fedko pawg (30, 46th thiab 15 kev faib phom, pawg tub rog thib ob thiab ob pab tub rog ntawm pawg tub rog thib 23); 2) pab tub rog ntawm Zhloba (1st cavalry corps, 2nd cavalry faib Dydenko, 40th phom faib thiab pab pawg huab cua - 9 aircraft). Fedko pab pawg yuav tsum tawm tsam sab qaum teb, los ntawm thaj tsam Aleksandrovsk, txhawm rau tsim Kutepov thawj pab tub rog thiab hla mus rau Melitopol. Redneck cov pab pawg nrog lub tshuab los ntawm sab hnub tuaj yuav tsum tsoo Abramov's Don corps thiab mus rau tom qab ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg dawb, txiav tawm lawv txoj kev khiav mus rau Crimea. Ib qho ntxiv, nyob rau sab hnub poob, los ntawm thaj chaw Berislav, Latvian thiab 52 kev sib cais tau tawm tsam, uas tau txais txoj haujlwm hla Dnieper ze Kakhovka thiab tawm tsam Perekop.
Goons pawg tshuab
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 27, 1920, qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm 13th Soviet Army tau pib. Fedka pab pawg ua tsis tiav. Ntawm no, Reds, uas nyuam qhuav rov zoo los ntawm kev swb hnyav, tau tawm tsam los ntawm xaiv pawg Saib Xyuas Dawb. Tsis muaj lub zog sib ntaus sib tua uas muaj peev xwm nrhiav pom tus yeeb ncuab qhov chaw tsis muaj zog thiab tsoo hla mus rau tom qab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Dawb tsis yog tsuas yog tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, tab sis tau pib tawm tsam thiab txav mus rau Aleksandrovsk. Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm Fedko pawg, nrog rau kev sib faib liab hauv cheeb tsam Kakhovka, tau txiav txim siab ua ntej ntawm Redneck lub cev. Ntxiv mus, Reds qhov kev tawm tsam tsis tau tshwm sim sai. Lub Rau Hli 25-26, kev tshawb nrhiav ceeb toom rau Wrangel txog txoj hauv kev ntawm Redneck cov tub rog caij nkoj. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom lub tshuab tawg sai. Tsuas muaj kev xav tsis thoob, qhov lus txib dawb tsis xav tias cov tub rog liab yuav tawm tsam sai sai no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Wrangel pib sau nws pab tub rog thiab tsim ob pab pawg poob siab nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev coj Reds hauv zuam.
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 27, cov tub rog liab tau mob siab rau thaj tsam Belmanka-Tsare-Konstantinovka hauv Melitopol kev taw qhia. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 28, Redneck cov tub rog tau pib tawm tsam. Hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Verkhn. Tokmak Reds tau tawm tsam 2nd Don Division of Whites. Nyob ze ntawm lub zos Chernigovka, muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis txaus ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov tsheb dawb thiab liab tau tsoo. Lawv tau sim ntaus sab kom ntxeev cov yeeb ncuab. Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua no tau poob 4 lub tsheb tiv thaiv, liab - 3. Qab lub tsheb tiv thaiv yog cov lava ntawm cov tub rog liab. Cossacks, uas yog ob peb zaug qis dua hauv lub zog, tau swb lawm. Cov npe nrov Gundorovsky cov tub rog tau raug txiav yuav luag tag nrho. Lwm qhov Don, uas tau mus cawm lawv tus kheej, raug pov tseg los ntawm Reds. Cov lej tsis sib xws tau ua rau hnyav dua los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qee qhov hauv qab tseem tsis tau muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog, uas ua rau muaj peev xwm txav tau sai dua. Txog thaum yav tsaus ntuj, Reds tau nyob hauv cheeb tsam nrog. Tokmak thiab Chernigovka. Nyob rau sab qab teb, 40 Phom Phom Phom, tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua tawv ncauj, nyob hauv cov zos Andreevka thiab Sofievka, swb yeej thib 3 Don Division thiab mus txog Hiavtxwv Azov hauv Nogaysk cheeb tsam. Lub hauv ntej ntawm Cov Tub Rog Dawb tau tawg dhau.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 29, cov tub rog liab nkag mus rau hauv Dej Yushanli. Wrangel thawb tag nrho cov tub rog dawb mus rau thaj tsam ntawm kev kov yeej: cov tub rog uas tseem tshuav ntawm cov neeg pub dawb, cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab cov tub rog huab cua. Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb quab yuam mus rau pawg tub rog, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab pab tub rog (12 lub tsheb), ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam los ntawm cheeb tsam Mikhailovka. Dawb thawb sab laug ntawm Reds. Tom qab sib sau ua ke, pab pawg tub rog rov mus rau qhov tsis txaus siab thiab rov thawb cov yeeb ncuab rov mus rau tus dej Yushanly. Lub Rau Hli 30 - Lub Xya Hli 2, kev sib ntaus txuas ntxiv nrog kev ua tiav sib txawv. Goon pab pawg tau muaj kev vam meej me ntsis.
Muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau sab hnub poob, hauv cheeb tsam Kakhovka. Cov Reds hla Dnieper thiab, tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav, nyob Kakhovka. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tuaj yeem mus ntxiv. Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb tau tawm tsam thiab yuam cov yeeb ncuab mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau rov qab kho Kakhovka.
Kev swb ntawm cov tub rog liab
White Command tau nquag siv dav hlau. Dawb tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv lub zog. Txawm li cas los xij, Soviet kev ya dav hlau tau muab faib ua ntau ntu kev ua ntej. Thiab Wrangelites muaj peev xwm mloog zoo yuav luag tag nrho lawv cov kev tawm tsam tawm tsam Redneck kev sib cais - 20 lub tsheb coj los ntawm General Tkachev. Cov Neeg Dawb tau kov yeej Red Air Group, uas tau npog Redneck lub cev. Tom qab ntawd lawv pib foob pob lub cavalry, tua nws los ntawm rab phom tshuab. Thaum siv cov mos txwv, lawv yooj yim ntshai ntawm cov nees, cheb hla hauv av. Cov tub rog liab, tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau, tau tawg mus. Qhov no tau siv los ntawm chav tsev ko taw dawb. Lawv tau pib tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Lawv nyob ntawm ib tus neeg nyob sib ze, txwv tsis pub tua tus yeeb ncuab nrog rab phom tshuab thiab rab phom loj. Red Command tau hloov pauv mus hmo ntuj, tab sis hmo ntuj lub caij ntuj sov luv luv. Yog li ntawd, qhov nrawm ntawm kev tawm tsam tau poob qis. Hauv plaub hnub, Redneck cov tub rog caij nkoj tsuas yog 30-40 km.
Yog li, tau tawg los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab lub xub ntiag nyob rau thawj hnub, tom qab ntawd Redneck pawg tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua me thiab yeej ntawm cov pawg ntawm Cov Neeg Dawb, qhov tseeb, nws tau raug khi thiab thwj rau ntawm qhov chaw. Cov tub rog yuav tsum tsoo sai sai mus rau tom qab ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, zam kev sib ntaus tsis tsim nyog. 40th Rifle Division, ua haujlwm nyob rau sab qab teb, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog Redneck pawg thiab ua rau qeeb qeeb. Qhov no tso cai dawb hais kom ua tiav kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov rog. Qhov no kuj tau txhawb nqa los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm Fedko pab pawg, nws qhov kev tawm tsam qis, kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntawm Berislav pab pawg, uas tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav tus choj ntawm Kakhovka. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov lus txib ntawm Pawg Tub Rog 13 tsis tau siv qhov kev ua tiav ntawm pab pawg Goons thaum pib ua haujlwm thiab tsis muaj sijhawm los yeej.
Lub sijhawm no, cov lus txib dawb rub txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm cov haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm sab xub ntiag. Peb qhov kev ua tub rog thiab ib pab tub rog sib faib tau mloog zoo. Tag nrho kwv yees li ntawm 11 txhiab tus mos txwv thiab sabers nrog cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv. Lawv tau sim hla Reds los ntawm txhua sab. Txog thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Xya Hli 2, 1920, nyob rau sab qab teb, hauv cheeb tsam ntawm cov zos Orekhovka thiab Astrakhanka, qhov thib ob thiab thib 3 Don faib (3, 5-4, 5 txhiab bayonets thiab sabers) tau nyob. Kev faib Kornilov (1,800 tus xov tooj cua), Drozdovskaya faib (2,500 tus xov tooj cua) thiab 2nd Cavalry Division (1,500 sabers) tau nce los ntawm sab hnub poob. Pawg Tub Rog 13 tau xav tias yuav tawm tsam sab qaum teb, los ntawm thaj tsam Bolshoi Tokmak. Cov Wrangelites nyob ib puag ncig cov yeeb ncuab hauv ib nrab-ntiv nplhaib thiab coj lawv hauv pincers. Cov tub rog Liab Liab, tsis paub txog kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab loj (tsis pom kev), tau rov pib ua phem rau lub Xya Hli 3.
Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Xya Hli 3, hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub zos Klefeld, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm thib 3 Don Division thiab Reds tau pib. Cov tub rog ntawm Redneck thawb cov neeg Don nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Melitopol. Cov tub rog liab nyob 15 km ntawm lub nroog. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav raged sab qaum teb ntawm lub nroog. Lub Kornilovites, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tsheb ua rog, tau pib tawm tsam tom qab kab yeeb ncuab. Dybenko's 2nd Cavalry Division thawj qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Kornilov Division. Tab sis kev sib ntaus txaus ntshai ntawm cov tub rog liab tau tawm tsam los ntawm lub tshuab rab phom loj thiab rab phom loj, ua rau lub tshuab cua tuaj. Cov Reds tau tawm tsam los ntawm ntau sab sib xyaw ua ke thiab pib thim rov qab. Cov lus txib ntawm cov tub rog tau ploj mus. Ib feem tau rov qab mus rau sab hnub tuaj, thiab lub zog tseem ceeb tau mus rau sab qaum teb - mus rau Bolshoi Tokmak. Tab sis nyob ntawd lawv tau khiav mus rau ib feem ntawm pawg 13 thiab raug hluav taws los ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv taug kev ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Cov pab pawg tub rog rov qab mus rau sab qab teb thiab ntog hauv qhov tawg ntawm Drozdovites.
Nrhiav los ntawm dav hlau, maj nrawm ntawm pab pawg poob siab ntawm White Guards, Redneck pawg tub rog tau swb tag. Cov chav liab, raug kev txom nyem hnyav thiab poob ntau ntawm cov khoom siv, tau khiav tawm hauv pab pawg me mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj. Tsuas yog ib feem plaub ntawm thawj qhov kev sib tw tau mus txog nws tus kheej, ntau txhiab tus tub rog Liab raug ntes, Cov Neeg Dawb tau ntes 60 phom, 200 phom tshuab thiab lwm yam khoom plig.
Txawm li cas los xij, Wrangel cov tub rog tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv txoj kev ua tiav. Cov Tub Rog Dawb tau tso ntshav tawm, nkees nkees ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tas mus li, hloov chaw ntawm ib chav ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm qhov. Tsis muaj cov chav tshiab thiab khaws cia rau qhov ua phem tam sim. Thiab cov chav koom nrog hauv kev yeej ntawm Redneck pawg yuav tsum tau muab pov rau hauv thaj chaw txaus ntshai dua. Cov Neeg Dawb tsis muaj txoj hauv kev, tsis zoo li Reds, kom rov ua tiav lawv qib. Nws yog qhov nyuaj los daws qhov kev poob. Cov Tub Rog Liab, txawm hais tias muaj kev poob siab, tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv qhov kev tawm tsam. Twb tau nyob rau Lub Xya Hli 2-3, Reds hla Dnieper, ntes Kakhovka. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Fedko pab pawg pib txav mus ntxiv, qee qhov zoo rov los ntawm qhov ua tsis tiav yav dhau los. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 4, Reds tseem nyob Bolshoi Tokmak ib ntus, nyob rau hnub tim 5 - Mikhailovka. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tawm tsam no twb lig dhau lawm. Dawb, tau tshem tawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm Redneck pawg, tau ceev nrooj tswj kom rov ua haujlwm nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob.
Kev swb ntawm Don tsaws
Nrog kev yeej ntawm cov tub rog Polish hauv cheeb tsam Kiev, kev cia siab koom nrog lawv dhau los ua qhov tsis muaj tseeb. Yog li ntawd, cov lus txib dawb tau txiav txim siab hla mus rau Don. Cia siab tias Don Cossacks yuav sawv tawm tsam Bolsheviks dua. Wrangel txiav txim siab xa cov tub rog tawm mus rau Don thiab tsa Cossacks mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam loj nyob tom qab ntawm Reds. Kev tawm tsam Don yuav tau txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm Wrangel cov tub rog. Diverting yeeb ncuab rog. Lub sijhawm tau sawv los hla mus rau Don thiab tau txais cov peev txheej tib neeg tshiab.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 9, 1920, kev cais tawm raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Colonel Nazarov (800 tus neeg) tau tsaws rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Mariupol. Nazarov's Cossacks ntes lub zos Novonikolaevskaya (tam sim no Novoazovsk) thiab muaj zog ntxiv rau ntawd. Tab sis cov lus txib liab, suav nrog qhov kev paub dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm yav dhau los ntawm lub nkoj dawb, tsim nws lub Azov flotilla ntawm 13 lub nkoj (phom phom, nkoj saib xyuas thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj). Cov nkoj liab tau ntsib cov nkoj dawb ntawm hiav txwv, uas tau nqa ob lub nkoj ntawm Nazarov qhov kev tshem tawm. Cov Neeg Dawb raug yuam kom thim rov qab. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 11, Azov lub dav hlau pib foob pob hauv lub zos thiab tua cov yeeb ncuab lub roj teeb. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 13, Cov Tub Rog Liab tau coj kev tawm tsam los ntawm thaj av thiab thaiv cov Neeg Dawb. Lub zog thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tsaws los ntawm Reds tau hais ntau heev. Yog li ntawd, tawm tsam Nazarov kev sib cais, pab pawg muaj zog tau tsim los ntawm ob pawg tub rog (ntau txhiab tus neeg tua rog, cov tub rog tiv thaiv), nrog rau cov lej tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog sib cais, sib cais thiab pab pawg tub rog, cov neeg ua haujlwm, tub rog, tub rog ua haujlwm thiab lub Cheka. Ntxiv rau Azov flotilla.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 14, Reds tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam los ntawm thaj av, los ntawm hiav txwv, Cov Neeg Dawb tau tua ntawm lub roj teeb ntab. Ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov yeeb ncuab qhov ua yuam kev, thaum Lub Xya Hli 15, Nazarov tswj kom tawg mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab tua raws cov zos. Vim yog cov neeg tawm tsam Cossacks, nws qhov kev tawm tsam nce mus rau 1.5 txhiab tus tib neeg. Tab sis kev tawm tsam loj tsis tau tshwm sim. Don tau tso ntshav tawm. Kev npaj sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb ntawm Cossacks tuag ntawm qhov xub thawj ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1 thiab Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, tuag tawm ntawm tus kab mob typhus, sab laug nrog Cov Dawb, lossis koom nrog Reds. Cov nplooj ntawv tau ib nrab-khoob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj kev puas hlwb tawg. Cossacks nkees ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Yuav luag tsis muaj ib qho "tsis sib haum", thiab tus so tau txais lub zog Soviet.
Cov Reds nrhiav Nazarov qhov kev cais tawm ntawm pob taws, thiab thaum Lub Xya Hli 25, hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub zos Konstantinovskaya, Cov Neeg Dawb tau raug thaiv thiab nias rau Don. Ntawm no Dawb Cossacks tau tawm tsam los ntawm ob pawg tub rog liab. Qhov kev tshem tawm tau raug rhuav tshem. Qee leej tuag, qee qhov tawg, khiav mus rau Salsk steppes. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, Reds tau txiav txim siab pab pawg kawg hauv qab kev hais kom ua ntawm Bazilevich. Cossacks raug ntes tau mobilized rau hauv Pab Pawg Liab. Nazarov nws tus kheej tau raug ntes, yuam kev rau Red Army cov tub rog khiav tawm thiab tawm mus. Tos rau lub sijhawm, nws tau khiav mus rau cov neeg dawb nyob rau sab qaum teb Tavria. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tsis muaj peev xwm nce Don.
